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鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7页岩油特征及其主控因素

姜龙燕 钱门辉 何发岐 齐荣 尹超 张毅 占小刚

姜龙燕, 钱门辉, 何发岐, 齐荣, 尹超, 张毅, 占小刚. 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7页岩油特征及其主控因素[J]. 石油实验地质, 2024, 46(5): 941-953. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202405941
引用本文: 姜龙燕, 钱门辉, 何发岐, 齐荣, 尹超, 张毅, 占小刚. 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7页岩油特征及其主控因素[J]. 石油实验地质, 2024, 46(5): 941-953. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202405941
JIANG Longyan, QIAN Menhui, HE Faqi, QI Rong, YIN Chao, ZHANG Yi, ZHAN Xiaogang. Characteristics and main controlling factors of Chang 7 shale oil in Triassic Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2024, 46(5): 941-953. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202405941
Citation: JIANG Longyan, QIAN Menhui, HE Faqi, QI Rong, YIN Chao, ZHANG Yi, ZHAN Xiaogang. Characteristics and main controlling factors of Chang 7 shale oil in Triassic Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2024, 46(5): 941-953. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202405941

鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7页岩油特征及其主控因素

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202405941
详细信息
    作者简介:

    姜龙燕(1987—), 女, 副研究员, 从事测井解释与地质综合评价工作。E-mail: sunshine_jly@163.com

  • 中图分类号: TE122.1

Characteristics and main controlling factors of Chang 7 shale oil in Triassic Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

  • 摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7页岩段具有埋深浅、油质轻、油井产能变化大、资源潜力大的特点,明确油藏的富集主控因素是进行高效勘探的关键。根据富县地区长7页岩段铸体薄片、物性、扫描电镜等测试分析结果,结合岩心、测井、地震等资料,对该区长7段地层特征进行了研究,并对其主控因素展开讨论。研究区长7段广泛发育灰色—深灰色—灰黑色烃源岩,其岩性为泥岩和泥页岩,有机质类型主要为Ⅰ—Ⅱ2型,源岩的镜质体反射率(Ro)值为0.81%~1.1%,生烃能力强。砂岩储层以细粒长石砂岩为主,孔隙类型以粒内孔、残余粒间孔、溶蚀孔隙和原生粒间孔为主;储层致密,孔隙度主要分布在2.0%~16.0%之间,渗透率主要分布在(0.01~1.20)×10-3 μm2之间。砂岩夹层的物性以及距离断裂的远近影响储层的含油性:储层粒度越粗、物性越好,含油气性也越好。储层物性受控于两方面因素:一是沉积微相,水下分流河道微相物性最好,河口坝微相次之;二是成岩作用,早成岩期绿泥石强胶结及方解石弱胶结有助于物性甜点的形成。断层的发育和断层性质对富县地区长7页岩油的富集至关重要。统计发现,当断层断距超过10 m且井筒距断裂在1 km以内时,难以获得工业油流;当断距小于7 m且井筒距离大断裂超过1 km以上时,容易获得工业油流。

     

  • 图  1  鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长72亚段沉积相平面分布

    Figure  1.  Planar characteristics of sedimentary facies in Chang 72 sub-member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin

    图  2  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系长7段油页岩发育位置(a-c)及其干酪根类型(d)

    Figure  2.  Development locations (a-c) and kerogen type diagram (d) of oil-bearing shale in Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    图  3  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7段烃源岩主要评价参数

    Figure  3.  Main evaluation parameters of source rocks in Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    图  4  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7泥页岩厚度平面展布

    Figure  4.  Planar distribution of mud shale thickness in Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    图  5  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7段储层岩石特征

    Figure  5.  Characteristics of reservoir rocks of Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    图  6  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7段砂岩储层孔渗关系

    Figure  6.  Porosity vs. permeability of sandstone reservoirs of Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    图  7  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7段砂岩储层中的孔隙特征

    a.原生孔隙,主要由长石、石英等脆性矿物围成,边缘光滑,孔径较大,往往可至数百微米(图中长度约为150 μm);b.左图为长石溶孔,右图为次生钠长石充填,孔隙丰富;c.左为伊利石发育次生孔,右为绿泥石发育次生孔,在扫描电镜下可以观察到黏土矿物聚合体中有大量粒内孔;d.绿泥石膜,光学显微镜下(左),绿泥石膜因遭受沥青质浸染呈原生孔隙的黑褐色或黑色环边,电子显微镜下(右),在骨架颗粒相互接触的位置,可以观察到零星分布着平行于颗粒表面的绿泥石晶体,由颗粒相互接触的位置向孔隙方向,则转化为绿泥石膜垂直生长在颗粒表面。

    Figure  7.  Pore characteristics in sandstone reservoirs of Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    图  8  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7段不同沉积微相条件下的物性条件对比

    Figure  8.  Comparison of physical properties under different sedimentary microfacies conditions of Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    图  9  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7段油藏岩性与含油性图版

    Figure  9.  Lithology and oil-bearing properties of the reservoir of Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    图  10  多尺度CT扫描下不同含油级别细砂岩矿物成分对比

    Figure  10.  Comparison of mineral composition in fine-grained sandstone of different oil-bearing grades under multi-scale CT scanning

    图  11  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区R203井三叠系延长组长7砂岩甜点段分析结果

    Figure  11.  Results from sweet spot section of sandstones of Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in well R203, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    图  12  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区中生界断裂解释剖面

    红色虚线为燕山期断裂,蓝色虚线为喜马拉雅期断裂;剖面位置见图 4

    Figure  12.  Interpretation of Mesozoic fault profiles in Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    图  13  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区

    FY1H井水平段裂缝发育程度与全烃关系

    Figure  13.  Relationship between fracture development degree and total hydrocarbon content in horizontal section of well FY1H in Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    表  1  鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长7段夹层型页岩油特征对比[14]

    Table  1.   Comparison of interlayer-type shale oil characteristics in Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin

    项目 页岩油类型
    重力流夹层型 三角洲前缘夹层型
    岩性组合 半深湖—深湖泥页岩夹薄层砂岩 三角洲前缘泥夹厚层砂岩
    砂地比/% >20(一般 < 30) 一般 < 30
    单砂体厚度/m < 5 5~10
    代表区块 庆城油田 新安边油田、志靖—安塞地区
    主要发育层位 长71亚段、长72亚段 长71亚段、长72亚段
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7段岩相识别指标体系

    Table  2.   Lithofacies identification index system for Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    岩相划分 特征描述 层位分布 微相
    细砂岩岩相 块状细砂岩岩相 块状细砂岩,多见水平缝发育 长71亚段下部
    长72亚段上部
    水下分流河道
    层理状细砂岩岩相 块状、平行、波状层理灰色细砂岩互层,间夹平行或波状泥质纹层 长71亚段下部
    长72亚段上部
    混合岩相 层理细砂岩—泥岩薄交互岩相 块状/波状层理细砂岩与波状层理粉砂岩及粉砂质泥岩薄互层 长71亚段中部
    长72亚段中部
    河口坝、分流间湾
    层理粉砂岩—泥质粉砂岩夹薄层泥岩岩相 波状层理粉砂岩与波状泥质粉砂岩夹深灰色水平层理泥岩,或波状层理泥质粉砂岩夹水平层理泥岩 长71亚段上部
    长72亚段中部
    前三角洲泥、远砂坝
    水平层理泥岩—粉砂质泥岩岩相 水平层理含粉砂质泥岩、水平层理泥岩夹波状层理泥质粉砂岩 长71亚段中部
    长72亚段下部
    长73亚段下部
    分流间湾、半深湖
    页岩岩相 纹层状页岩岩相 黑色纹层状页岩 长73亚段中、上部 深湖
    水平层理页岩岩相 黑色水平层理页岩 长73亚段中、上部 半深湖
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7段不同岩性对应的物性与含油性条件对比

    Table  3.   Comparison of physical and oil-bearing properties of different lithologies of Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    参数 样品岩性
    细砂岩(52件) 粉砂岩(8件) 粉砂质泥岩(4件) 泥页岩(6件)
    孔隙度/% $ \frac{3.5 \sim 11.8}{7.5}$ $ \frac{1.5 \sim 5.2}{3.9}$ $ \frac{2.7 \sim 3.6}{3.2}$ $ \frac{1.5 \sim 2.9}{2.2}$
    渗透率/10-3μm2 $ \frac{0.007 \sim 0.654}{0.13}$ $ \frac{0.0005 \sim 0.015}{0.003}$ $ \frac{0.0004 \sim 0.002}{0.0008}\frac{0.0004 \sim 0.002}{0.0008}$ $ \frac{0.007 \sim 0.682}{0.261}$
    含油级别 油迹—油斑 荧光
    注:表中分式意义为$ \frac{\text { 最小值~最大值 }}{\text { 平均值 }}$。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区三叠系延长组长7段试油试采井与断裂关系

    Table  4.   Relationship between trial production wells in Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Formation and faults in Fuxian area, Ordos Basin

    井号 试油成果 储层厚度 距断裂距离/m 断裂发育时期 断距/m
    油/(m3/d) 水/(m3/d)
    LH13 1.43 0.03 12 1 600 喜马拉雅期 4
    LH16 0 5.8 10.5 680 燕山期 13
    LH20 0.25 2.4 25 750/1 300 喜马拉雅期 8
    LH26 0 5.8 15.3 2 200 燕山期 9
    LH29 0.9 3.9 13.5 120 喜马拉雅期 5
    LH38 0 2.1 12.5 250/780 燕山期 9
    LH39 0 6.5 11.2 280 燕山期 15
    LH504 0 13.6 16.3 1 600 喜马拉雅期 8
    LH9 0.24 4.68 15 1 500 燕山期 6
    XF8 0.08 0.62 7.3 1 750 喜马拉雅期 9
    ZF17 2.24 11.7 16 470 喜马拉雅期 3
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-09-01
  • 修回日期:  2024-08-28
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