渝东南南川地区龙潭组煤储层可压性特征及改造效果分析

刘尽贤; 郭涛; 周亚彤; 李东阳; 金晓波

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025010077

渝东南南川地区龙潭组煤储层可压性特征及改造效果分析

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025010077

刘尽贤^{1, 2,},
郭涛^{1, 2},
周亚彤^{1, 2},
李东阳^{1, 2},
金晓波^{1, 2}

1.
中国石化华东油气分公司勘探开发研究院，南京 210019
2.
中国石化深层煤层气勘探开发重点实验室，南京 210019

基金项目:

中国石化科技攻关项目 P23205

中国石化科技攻关项目 P23230

中国石化科技攻关项目 P24118

详细信息

作者简介:
刘尽贤(1995—)，女，硕士，助理研究员，从事煤层气地质综合研究。E-mail: 529833010@qq.com

中图分类号: TE122.23
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-08-29
- 修回日期: 2024-12-10
- 刊出日期: 2025-01-28

Compressibility characteristics and modification effect of coal reservoirs in Longtan Formation, Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing

LIU Jinxian^{1, 2
,},
GUO Tao^{1, 2},
ZHOU Yatong^{1, 2},
LI Dongyang^{1, 2},
JIN Xiaobo^{1, 2}

1.
Exploration and Development Research Institute of SINOPEC East China Oil & Gas Company, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210019, China
2.
SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Deep Coalbed Methane Exploration and Development, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210019, China

摘要

摘要: 压裂改造是增加煤层气井煤储层渗透率及导流能力的重要手段。为更好指导渝东南南川地区龙潭组煤层气井开发生产，综合应用测录井资料、工业分析、扫描电镜、光片观察、全岩分析等多种实验手段，基于煤岩孔隙、顶板、底板展布和含气性特征，分析并探讨了煤储层可压性地质特征及其对储层改造的影响。研究表明：(1)煤岩具有“中高演化、中高镜质组、中低灰分”特征，煤岩储集空间主要为微孔隙和裂隙，有利于气体吸附；煤层分布稳定，底板为铝土质泥岩，顶板为泥岩，局部变为泥质灰岩、灰岩；煤储层及其顶、底板组合模式和顶板矿物组成差异为海陆过渡沉积环境的体现。(2)煤层及顶、底板力学参数及地应力差异大，初步说明可压性较好；三轴应力实验揭示高压力下煤层力学参数会超过顶板，增加压裂风险。(3)受煤系地层沉积条件差异控制，煤层与顶板的岩性组合、顶板矿物组成直接影响了水平井钻井的井壁稳定性，高含黏土矿物的泥岩顶板性脆、易碎、遇水易膨胀，是导致剥落风险的主要原因，影响水平井钻遇率。(4)不规则的天然裂缝会导致压裂窜通和缝高失控；与最大主应力方向一致的规则裂缝有利于人工裂缝扩展，可对储层有效改造。
- 深层煤层气 /
- 煤储层可压性 /
- 煤储层改造 /
- 龙潭组 /
- 南川地区 /
- 渝东南 /
- 四川盆地
Abstract: Fracturing modification is an important method for enhancing the permeability and conductivity in coalbed methane (CBM) wells. To better guide the development and production of CBM wells in Longtan Formation of Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, the study comprehensively applied various experimental methods including well logging data, industrial analysis, scanning electron microscopy, polished section observation, and whole-rock analysis. Based on the characteristics of coal rock porosity, roof and floor plate distribution, and gas content, it analyzed the compressibility characteristics of coal reservoirs and their impact on reservoir modification. The study shows that: (1) The coal rocks exhibit characteristics of medium to high evolution degree, medium to high vitrinite content, and medium to low ash content. The primary storage spaces in coal rocks are micropores and fractures, which facilitates gas adsorption. The coal seams are stably distributed, with the floor plate consisting of aluminous mudstone and the roof plate composed of mudstone, which locally transitions to argillaceous limestone and limestone. The assemblage patterns of the coal reservoir and its roof and floor plates, as well as the variations of mineral composition in roof plate, indicate a transitional sedimentary environment between land and sea. (2) Significant differences in mechanical parameters and in-situ stress of coal seams and roof and floor plates were observed, preliminarily indicating good compressibility. Triaxial stress experiments revealed that under high pressures, mechanical parameters of coal seams could exceed those of roof plate, thereby increasing the risk of fracturing. (3) Controlled by the variations of sedimentary conditions in coal measures, the lithological assemblage of the coal seams with the roof plate, and the mineral composition of the roof plate directly affect wellbore stability during horizontal drilling. Mudstone roof plates with high clay mineral content are brittle, prone to fracturing, and susceptible to swelling upon water contact, which are the major causes for spalling risks and impact horizontal well drilling rate. (4) Irregular natural fractures can lead to fracture propagation and fracture height control failure, while regular fractures that align with the direction of maximum principal stress facilitate artificial fracture propagation and contribute to effective reservoir modification.
- deep coalbed methane /
- coal reservoir compressibility /
- coal reservoir modification /
- Longtan Formation /
- Nanchuan area /
- southeast Chongqing /
- Sichuan Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors declare no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

刘尽贤参与论文研究、写作和修改；郭涛、周亚彤参与实验设计和论文修改；李东阳参与地震属性提取；金晓波参与实验数据分析。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

LIU Jinxian participated in the research, writing, and revision of the paper. GUO Tao and ZHOU Yatong participated in experimental design and paper revision. LI Dongyang participated in seismic attribute extraction. JIN Xiaobo participated in experimental data analysis. All authors have read the final version of the paper and consented to its submission.

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图 1 四川盆地渝东南南川地区龙潭组底面构造位置

Figure 1. Tectonic structure of base in Longtan Formation of Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

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图 2 四川盆地渝东南南川地区龙潭组沉积柱状图

Figure 2. Sedimentary column of Longtan Formation in Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

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图 3 四川盆地渝东南南川地区龙潭组煤岩光片及扫描电镜照片

a.垂直切面光片，YY1井，1号煤；b.光片a局部放大，惰质组与镜质组层状分布，镜质组割理裂隙发育；c.光片a局部放大，惰质组与镜质组层状分布，惰质组植物胞腔孔发育，镜质组割理、裂隙发育；d.扫描电镜照片，有机质表面见微裂缝，Y2井，1号煤。

Figure 3. Photos of polished section and its SEM image of coal rocks from Longtan Formation in Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

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图 4 四川盆地渝东南南川地区龙潭组1号煤厚度(a)及顶板(b)分布

Figure 4. Thickness(a) and roof plate(b) distribution of No.1 coal seam in Longtan Formation of Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

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图 5 四川盆地渝东南南川地区龙潭组煤岩及顶、底板矿物组成扫描电镜

a.有机质表面见长石颗粒，Y2井，4号煤；b.自形方解石颗粒，Y2井，1号煤；c.草莓状黄铁矿集合体，3号煤，YY1井；d.有机质呈弯曲条带状分布，1号煤，YY1井；e.YY1井2号煤泥岩底板，黏土矿物晶间孔缝；f.YY1井1号煤铝土质泥岩底板，黏土矿物晶间孔缝。

Figure 5. SEM images of mineral composition in coal rocks, roof and floor plates of Longtan Formation in Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

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图 6 四川盆地渝东南南川地区龙潭组煤层及顶、底板黏土矿物含量分布

Figure 6. Distribution of clay mineral content in coal seams, roof and floor plates of Longtan Formation in Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

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图 7 四川盆地渝东南南川地区YY1井龙潭组三轴应力实验结果

Figure 7. Triaxial stress experiment results of Longtan Formation in well YY1 of Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

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图 8 四川盆地渝东南南川地区龙潭组煤层与顶、底板最大、最小主应力对比

Figure 8. Column chart for comparing maximum and minimum principal stresses in coal seams, roof and floor plates of Longtan Formation in Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

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图 9 四川盆地渝东南南川地区水平井YM2-11HF钻遇龙潭组返出掉块照片

Figure 9. Photos of falling blocks from Longtan Formation of drilling well YM2-11HF in Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

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图 10 四川盆地南川地区、鄂尔多斯盆地延川南地区和沁水盆地晋中地区主力煤层顶板对比

Figure 10. Roof plate comparison among coal seams in Nanchuan area of Sichuan Basin, Yanchuannan area of Ordos Basin, and Jinzhong area of Qinshui Basin

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图 11 四川盆地渝东南南川地区龙潭组曲率属性(a)及蚂蚁体属性(b)

Figure 11. Curvature attributes(a) and ant body attributes(b) of Longtan Formation in Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

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图 12 四川盆地渝东南南川地区PM198井组及Y2井生产曲线

Figure 12. Production curves of well Y2 and well group PM198 of Longtan Formation in Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

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表 1 四川盆地渝东南南川地区龙潭组煤层气过路井全烃中值统计

Table 1. Statistics of median total hydrocarbon values of CBM crossing wells in Longtan Formation of Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

序号	井号	全烃中值/(m³/t)	序号	井号	全烃中值/(m³/t)	序号	井号	全烃中值/(m³/t)	序号	井号	全烃中值/(m³/t)
1	DS3HF	32	10	JY201-1	23	19	SY18-1HF	25	28	SY3-1HF	28
2	JY10	11	11	JY204-2HF	15	20	SY19-2HF	21	29	SY33-5HF	67
3	JY10-10	51	12	JY205-1HF	26	21	SY2	47	30	SY36-3HF	18
4	JY10-10	51	13	JY207-3HF	10	22	SY20-2HF	38	31	SY5	22
5	JY195-2HF	52	14	JY208-2HF	18	23	SY23-1HF	10	32	SY9-1HF	7.7
6	JY196-1HF	24	15	JY209-51HF	24	24	SY27-3HF	37	33	YY53-1HF	50
7	JY197-4HF	60	16	JY211-4HF	20	25	SY3	46
8	JY198-3HF	18	17	SY13-3HF	55	26	SY30-1HF	31
9	JY199-1HF	55	18	SY14-51HF	32	27	SY31-2HF	39

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表 2 四川盆地渝东南南川地区龙潭组煤层及顶、底板矿物组成测试结果

Table 2. Test results of mineral composition in coal seams, roof and floor plates of Longtan Formation in Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

地区	井号	样品类型	深度/m		矿物质量分数/%
地区	井号	样品类型	顶深	底深	石英	钾长石	斜长石	方解石	白云石	菱铁矿	黄铁矿	铁白云石	锐钛矿	黏土矿物
东胜	SY18-22	泥岩顶板	1 818.27	1 818.38	28.6	0.4	1.0	47.1			6.5	1.3		15.1
		煤层	1 820.00	1 820.25	2.0			1.2				0.2		11.5
			1 820.71	1 820.96	1.8			1.2						15.0
			1 821.20	1 821.45	2.5			6.4				0.2		13.1
			1 821.88	1 822.13	1.9			1.7	0.2					25.1
		铝土质泥岩底板	1 822.26	1 822.4	1.4	0.7	0.9	0.3			2.0			94.7
阳春沟	Y2	煤层	1 976.91	1 977.06	2.4	2.1	4.2	1.7	5.0		6.4			78.2
	YY1	泥岩顶板	2 685.09	2 685.11	12.7	1.3			3.5	14.0	2.3		4.9	61.3
			2 685.44	2 685.54	11.1	0.8			3.4	23.7	2.5		5.1	53.4
			2 685.93	2 685.95	10.6	1.1			3.3	23.1	2.2		4.7	55.0
			2 686.81	2 686.83	13.0	1.3			3.8	9.5	4.9		5.7	61.8
			2 687.43	2 687.46	13.5	1.3			7.8	5.5	2.9		5.4	63.6
			2 687.78	2 687.82	11.5	1.3	1.8		3.9	14.1	2.7		4.8	59.9
			2 688.98	2 689.03	9.6		2.0		3.6	12.8	7.1		5.8	59.1
			2 689.51	2 689.56	10.7	1.3			2.8	18.6	1.5		5.8	59.3
			2 690.14	2 690.21	9.9	1.7			2.9	16.1	3.0		5.8	60.6
			2 691.51	2 691.61	26.9			1.8	6.5	3.2	2.9		4.6	54.1
			2 692.2	2 692.23	22.4		23.1		6.5	0.7	5.5		7.5	34.3
			2 692.72	2 692.83	6.4		4.2	0.2		1.1	1.7		6.9	79.5
		铝土质泥岩底板	2 698.13	2 698.15	9.6	0.3					0.3		9.5	80.3
		铝土质泥岩底板	2 698.71	2 698.76	51.2	0.4		1.7			0.1		4.8	41.8

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表 3 四川盆地渝东南南川地区Y2井龙潭组一段1号煤层及顶、底板声波扫描测井结果

Table 3. Sonic scanner logging results of No.1 coal seam, roof and floor plates in the first member of Longtan Formation of well Y2, Nanchuan area, southeast Chongqing, Sichuan Basin

类型	岩性	抗压强度/MPa	抗拉强度/MPa	杨氏模量/GPa	破裂压力/MPa	泊松比
顶板	粉砂质泥岩	78.388	6.271	19.870	41.723	0.287
煤层	黑色煤	26.659	2.244	6.758	37.919	0.314
底板	铝土质泥岩	116.887	9.236	30.390	45.905	0.280

下载: 导出CSV

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