深部煤层气水平井定向射孔压裂水力裂缝扩展特征

黄树新; 李松; 陈博

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025010153

深部煤层气水平井定向射孔压裂水力裂缝扩展特征

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025010153

黄树新^1,,
李松^2, ,,
陈博²

1.
中国石化华东油气分公司采油气工程服务中心，南京 210004
2.
中国地质大学(北京) 能源学院，北京 100083

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目 42272195

中国石化科技项目 P23205

中国石化科技项目 YT24007

详细信息

作者简介:
黄树新(1974—)，男，工程师，从事非常规油气资源研究与现场管理。E-mail: 406682782@qq.com

通讯作者:
李松(1985—)，男，博士，副教授，从事非常规油气开发地质研究。E-mail: lisong@cugb.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE243
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-29
- 修回日期: 2024-12-03
- 刊出日期: 2025-01-28

Hydraulic fracture propagation characteristics of directional perforation fracturing in horizontal wells for deep coalbed methane

HUANG Shuxin^1
,,
LI Song^{2
, ,},
CHEN Bo²

1.
Oil and Gas Engineering Service Center, East China Oil and Gas Company, SINOPEC, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, China
2.
School of Energy Resource, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 深部煤层气资源禀赋特征好，勘探开发潜力大，是国家天然气“增储上产”发展战略的重要现实基础。水平井定向射孔压裂作为深部煤层气重要的增渗改造技术应用广泛，而地质—工程因素作用下的水力裂缝起裂—扩展机制认识尚不明确。为了探究深部煤岩定向射孔压裂特征，采用三维离散格子模拟算法，建立了深部煤层水平井定向射孔压裂数值模型，研究地质参数和射孔参数对压裂改造难度、裂缝形态和压裂改造面积的影响。结果表明：随着弹性模量的增大，煤岩破裂压力增加，改造面积和改造面积差异系数逐渐增大，且有利于长—窄缝的形成；水平应力差的增大导致不同水力裂缝间的交互作用减弱，改造面积减小，改造面积差异系数和裂缝开度增大。此外，射孔深度和射孔直径的增加将显著降低深部煤岩的破裂压力，射孔深度的增大将大幅提升改造面积，而射孔直径的增加造成改造面积减小，且改造面积差异系数也逐渐增大；射孔密度对破裂压力的影响不显著，而与改造面积成正相关关系。针对煤体结构完整的煤岩进行压裂改造，适当提升射孔深度和射孔密度，降低射孔直径，可以取得较好的效果。
- 三维离散格子模拟算法 /
- 地质参数 /
- 射孔参数 /
- 定向射孔压裂 /
- 水力裂缝 /
- 深部煤层气
Abstract: Deep coalbed methane resources exhibit favorable geological characteristics and significant exploration and development potential, offering a substantial foundation for China's strategy to enhance natural gas storage and production. Directional perforation fracturing of horizontal wells is widely used as an important permeability enhancement technology for deep coalbed methane exploration. However, the mechanisms of hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation under the influence of geological and engineering factors remain unclear. To explore directional perforation fracturing characteristics in deep coal seams, a three-dimensional discrete lattice simulation algorithm was used to establish a numerical model. The paper studied the effects of geological and perforation parameters on fracturing difficulty, fracture morphology, and stimulated reservoir area (SRA). The results showed that, with the increase in elastic modulus, coal seam fracture pressure rose, and SRA and its variation coefficient increased gradually, which is conducive to long and narrow fracture formation. An increase in horizontal stress differences weakened the interaction between hydraulic fractures, reducing SRA while increasing its variation coefficient and fracture aperture. In addition, increasing perforation depth and diameter significantly reduced the fracture pressure in deep coal seams. Higher perforation depths greatly increased SRA, whereas larger perforation diameters decreased SRA, and its variation coefficient increased gradually. Perforation density had no significant impact on fracture pressure, but was positively correlated with SRA. The study suggests that for fracturing of structurally intact coal seams, increasing perforation depth and density while reducing perforation diameter can achieve better results.
- three-dimensional discrete lattice simulation algorithm /
- geological parameters /
- perforation parameters /
- directional perforation fracturing /
- hydraulic fractures /
- deep coalbed methane
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors declare no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

黄树新、李松、陈博参与实验设计、完成实验操作，并参与论文写作和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

HUANG Shuxin, LI Song, and CHEN Bo designed the experiment, completed the experimental operation, and drafted and revised the manuscript. All authors have read the final version of the paper and consented to its submission.

HTML全文

图 1 三维离散格子算法示意

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of three-dimensional discrete lattice algorithm

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 定向射孔压裂模型示意

S_V.垂向应力；S_H.水平最大主应力；S_h.水平最小主应力。

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of directional perforation fracturing model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同弹性模量下裂缝形态

Figure 3. Fracture morphologies under different elastic moduli

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同弹性模量下水力压裂效果

Figure 4. Hydraulic fracturing effects under different elastic moduli

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同水平应力差下裂缝的形态

Figure 5. Fracture morphologies under different horizontal stress differences

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同水平应力差下射孔压裂改造效果

Figure 6. Modification effects of perforation fracturing under different horizontal stress differences

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 不同射孔深度下裂缝的形态

Figure 7. Fracture morphologies under different perforation depths

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 不同射孔深度下压裂效果

Figure 8. Hydraulic fracturing effects under different perforation depths

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 不同射孔直径下水力裂缝形态

Figure 9. Hydraulic fracture morphologies under different perforation diameters

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 不同射孔直径下的压裂效果

Figure 10. Hydraulic fracturing effects under different perforation diameters

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 不同射孔密度下水力裂缝形态

Figure 11. Hydraulic fracture morphologies under different perforation densities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 不同射孔密度下的压裂效果

Figure 12. Hydraulic fracturing effects under different perforation densities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 定向射孔模型基本参数

Table 1. Basic parameters of directional perforation model

类型	参数	数值
储层	弹性模量/GPa	4
	单轴抗压强度/MPa	15
	渗透率/10^-3μm²	0.1
	水平最小主应力/MPa	27
	垂向应力/MPa	43
	压裂液密度/(kg/m³)	1 010
	泊松比	0.26
	抗拉强度/MPa	1.5
	孔隙度/%	6
	水平最大主应力/MPa	35
	注入排量/(m³/min)	20
	黏度/(mPa·s)	2
射孔参数	射孔长度/m	0.4
	射孔直径/m	0.012
	射孔密度(孔/m)	12
	相位角/(°)	180

下载: 导出CSV

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