四川盆地北部灯影组四段台内地区油气来源及成藏过程

杨毅; 朱祥; 张雷; 徐祖新; 代林呈

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025020384

四川盆地北部灯影组四段台内地区油气来源及成藏过程

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025020384

杨毅^{1, 2,},
朱祥^{1, 2},
张雷^{1, 2},
徐祖新^{1, 2},
代林呈^{1, 2}

1.
深层油气全国重点实验室，成都 610041
2.
中国石化勘探分公司，成都 610041

基金项目:

深层油气全国重点实验室开放课题 SKLDOG2024-KFYB-04

中国石化科技部项目 P23221

详细信息

作者简介:
杨毅(1996—)，男，硕士，工程师，从事海相油气成藏与目标评价研究。E-mail: 576170139@qq.com

中图分类号: TE122.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-17
- 修回日期: 2025-02-08
- 刊出日期: 2025-03-28

Hydrocarbon sources and accumulation processes in intra-platform of the fourth member of Dengying Formation in northern Sichuan Basin

YANG Yi^{1, 2
,},
ZHU Xiang^{1, 2},
ZHANG Lei^{1, 2},
XU Zuxin^{1, 2},
DAI Lincheng^{1, 2}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
2.
SINOPEC Exploration Company, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China

摘要

摘要: 四川盆地上震旦统灯影组四段台内地区是天然气勘探的重要接替领域。为落实川北灯四段台内地区油气成藏富集规律及分布特征，基于台内和台缘地区天然气和沥青地球化学特征、薄片鉴定以及流体包裹体等分析化验资料，开展了川北灯四段台内地区油气来源与成藏过程研究。研究表明：(1)与台缘地区相比，川北灯四段台内地区具有储层沥青碳同位素重，天然气甲烷、乙烷碳同位素重，甲烷氢同位素轻的特征，说明台内地区油气主要来源于筇竹寺组和震旦系烃源岩的混源，且震旦系烃源岩贡献较大；(2)川北灯四段台内地区油气藏存在2期油充注和2期天然气充注，第一期低熟油充注发生在加里东晚期，第二期规模原油充注发生在晚二叠世—中三叠世，第三期原油裂解气充注发生在中侏罗世—晚侏罗世，第四期天然气调整充注发生在白垩纪；(3)通南巴地区从油藏期到气藏期长期处于古构造低部位，古油气藏原油和天然气持续向米仓山前高部位调整运移，导致通南巴地区古气藏调整散失，现今含气性较差。南江地区源储配置关系好，在主要生油生气期均处于古构造高部位，能持续接受天然气充注，且断层封闭性好，有利于气藏保存与油气富集，是川北灯四段台内地区下一步有利勘探区。
- 油气来源 /
- 油气成藏 /
- 灯影组四段 /
- 上震旦统 /
- 台内地区 /
- 四川盆地北部
Abstract: The intra-platform of the fourth member of the Dengying Formation in the Upper Sinian of the Sichuan Basin is an important area for gas exploration. To clarify the hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment patterns and distribution characteristics in this region, a study was conducted on the hydrocarbon sources and accumulation processes based on geochemical characteristics of natural gas and bitumen, thin-section observation, and fluid inclusion analysis of the intra-platform and platform margin areas. The results indicated that: (1) Compared to the platform margin areas in the fourth member of the Dengying Formation in northern Sichuan Basin, the intra-platform exhibited higher amounts of carbon isotopes in bitumen and natural gas methane and ethane, with smaller amounts of isotopes in hydrogen. This indicated that the oil and gas in the intra-platform mainly originated from a mixed source of the Qiongzhusi Formation and Sinian hydrocarbon source rocks, with a larger contribution from the Sinian source rocks. (2) There were two phases of oil charging and two phases of natural gas charging in the oil and gas reservoirs in the intra-platform of the fourth member of the Dengying Formation in northern Sichuan Basin. The first phase of low-maturity oil charging occurred in the Late Caledonian, the second phase of large-scale crude oil charging took place from the Late Permian to the Middle Triassic, the third phase involved crude oil pyrolysis gas charging during the Middle to Late Jurassic, and the fourth phase was natural gas adjustment charging in the Cretaceous. (3) The Tongnanba area has long been located in the lower part of the paleostructure from the oil accumulation to the gas accumulation period. The crude oil and natural gas from the paleo-oil and gas reservoirs continuously adjusted and migrated towards a higher position in the front of Micang Mountain, resulting in the loss of paleo-gas reservoirs in the Tongnanba area, which now has relatively poor gas content. The Nanjiang area had a more favorable source and reservoir configuration, remaining in the higher part of the paleostructure during the main oil and gas generation periods. It continuously received natural gas charging, and the fault sealing was good, which was conducive to gas reservoir preservation and oil and gas accumulation. Therefore, the Nanjiang area in the intra-platform is the next favorable exploration zone in the fourth member of the Dengying Formation in northern Sichuan Basin.
- hydrocarbon sources /
- oil and gas accumulation /
- the fourth member of Dengying Formation /
- Upper Sinian /
- intra-platform /
- northern Sichuan Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors declare no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

杨毅负责论文写作和修改；朱祥、张雷参与论文的讨论和修改；徐祖新、代林呈参与论文校对。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The manuscript was drafted and revised by YANG Yi. ZHU Xiang and ZHANG Lei participated in the discussion and revision process. XU Zuxin and DAI Lincheng were involved in proofreading. All authors have read the final version of the paper and consented to its submission.

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图 1 四川盆地北部筇竹寺组烃源岩厚度和灯四段台缘—台内丘滩分布(a)及地层综合柱状图(b)

Figure 1. Source rock thickness distribution in Qiongzhusi Formation and mound distribution in intra-platform and platform margin areas of the fourth member of Dengying Formation in northern Sichuan Basin (a) and comprehensive stratigraphic column (b)

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图 2 四川盆地天然气成因类型判识

底图据谢增业等^[25]，有修改。

Figure 2. Identification of natural gas genesis types in Sichuan Basin

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图 3 四川盆地震旦系天然气、沥青与烃源岩干酪根碳同位素分布

干酪根碳同位素部分数据来自魏国齐等^[7]；高磨地区沥青数据来自帅燕华等^[28]、天然气数据来自谢增业等^[11]。

Figure 3. Distribution of carbon isotopes of natural gas, bitumen, and kerogen from source rocks in Sinian of Sichuan Basin

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图 4 四川盆地震旦系—寒武系天然气乙烷碳同位素与甲烷氢同位素的关系

部分数据据参考文献[10]。

Figure 4. Relationship between ethane carbon isotope and methane hydrogen isotope in natural gas from Sinian to Cambrian formations of Sichuan Basin

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图 5 四川盆地北部灯影组四段台内地区储层成岩—成藏序列、流体包裹体及激光拉曼特征

a.RT1井，8 135 m，孔洞依次充填早期石英(Qtz1)→早期沥青(Bit1)→中—粗晶石英(Qtz2)→晚期沥青(Bit2)；b.RT1井，8 134.73 m，孔洞中依次充填早期白云石(Dol1)→早期沥青(Bit1)→中—粗晶石英(Qtz2)；c.RT1井，8 131.12 m，孔洞中依次充填中—粗晶石英(Qtz2)→晚期沥青(Bit2)；d.RT1井，8 129.58 m，赋存在石英中的沥青包裹体；e.RT1井，8 130 m，赋存在石英中的早期甲烷包裹体和伴生盐水包裹体；f.RT1井，8 164.65 m，赋存在石英中的晚期甲烷包裹体；g.图d中沥青包裹体的激光拉曼谱图；h.图e中甲烷包裹体的激光拉曼谱图；i.图f中甲烷包裹体的激光拉曼谱图。

Figure 5. Diagenesis and accumulation sequence of reservoirs, characteristics of fluid inclusions and laser Raman spectroscopy of intra-platform in the fourth member of Dengying Formation, northern Sichuan Basin

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图 6 四川盆地北部RT1井包裹体均一温度分布

Figure 6. Homogenization temperature distribution of fluid inclusions in well RT1, northern Sichuan Basin

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图 7 四川盆地北部RT1井灯影组四段油气成藏事件及成藏时间

Figure 7. Hydrocarbon accumulation events and timing in the fourth member of Dengying Formation in well RT1, northern Sichuan Basin

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图 8 四川盆地北部灯影组四段台内地区油气成藏演化过程

剖面位置见图 1。

Figure 8. Evolution process of oil and gas accumulation in intra-platform of the fourth member of Dengying Formation, northern Sichuan Basi

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表 1 四川盆地灯影组四段天然气组成、碳氢同位素数据

Table 1. Composition and carbon-hydrogen isotope data of natural gas from the fourth member of Dengying Formation, Sichuan Basin

井号	领域	天然气组成/%					天然气同位素/‰
井号	领域	CH₄	C₂H₆	N₂	CO₂	H₂S	δ¹³C₁	δ¹³C₂	δ¹³C_CO2	δD_CH4
RT1	川北台内	47.20	0.04	2.85	47.30	2.43	-27.0	-24.8	-3.2	-155
RT1	川北台内	59.90	0.05	3.32	35.30	0.99	-26.5	-24.1	-2.9	-155
GS125	高磨台内	79.15	0.03	1.43	18.80	0.50	-31.2	-27.7		-149
GS128	高磨台内	81.66	0.02	3.47	14.20	0.54	-32.1	-27.4		-157
GS18	高磨台内	92.15	0.04	1.10	6.04	0.60	-32.8	-29.6		-144
MX11	高磨台内	92.75	0.05	0.68	4.29	1.88	-33.9	-27.6		-138
MX122	高磨台内	92.46	0.04	0.79	5.14	1.50	-33.6	-27.8		-138
MX123	高磨台内	85.63	0.04	1.04	12.15	1.08	-33.4	-28.2		-140
MX126	高磨台内	92.32	0.03	0.56	5.90	0.49	-33.1	-29.6		-136
MX129H	高磨台内	92.71	0.02	2.00	4.11	0.79	-32.4	-28.7		-150
MX146	高磨台内	89.90	0.02	1.04	7.64	1.21	-32.3	-27.4		-147
MX17	高磨台内	92.45	0.03	1.09	5.42		-33.5	-28.9		-142
MX18	高磨台内	92.36	0.04	1.42	4.74	1.38	-33.7	-27.4		-146
MX23	高磨台内	88.54	0.04	8.50	2.33	0.34	-32.6	-28.6		-152
MX8	高磨台内	91.40	0.04	1.65	5.87	0.97	-32.8	-28.3		-147
GS1	高磨台缘	91.22	0.18	1.35	6.35	1.00	-32.3	-28.1		-137
GS10	高磨台缘	90.04	0.03	0.81	8.15	0.87	-33.4	-28.2		-144
GS101	高磨台缘	91.98	0.03	0.78	6.15	0.95	-32.5	-27.9		-140
GS102	高磨台缘	92.29	0.04	0.61	5.86	1.15	-33.2	-28.9		-138
GS103	高磨台缘	92.77	0.03	0.82	5.36	0.87	-33.4	-29.6		-139
GS120	高磨台缘	87.90	0.04	1.86	10.88	0.24	-32.5	-28.4		-139
GS133	高磨台缘	75.56	0.03	1.08	22.82	0.42	-32.1	-26.1		-145
GS2	高磨台缘	92.14	0.04	0.70	5.72	1.05	-33.1	-27.6		-139
GS3	高磨台缘	91.38	0.04	0.73	7.30	1.45	-33.1	-28.2		-138
GS6	高磨台缘	90.12	0.04	0.81	8.36		-33.0	-27.8		-139
GS7	高磨台缘	93.11	0.04	0.84	4.69	1.05	-33.0	-29.1		-140
GS8	高磨台缘	92.49	0.03	0.92	5.85		-32.8	-27.7		-144
GS9	高磨台缘	89.63	0.03	0.67	8.09	0.63	-33.5	-28.4		-142
MX102	高磨台缘	93.28	0.04	0.70	4.32	1.63	-33.7	-28.4		-136
MX103	高磨台缘	93.68	0.01	0.41	4.15	1.60	-33.4	-29.6		-137
MX105	高磨台缘	93.24	0.04	0.37	4.46	1.65	-32.0	-27.3		-138
MX108	高磨台缘	92.62	0.06	0.74	5.22	1.34	-33.8	-30.1		-137
MX12	高磨台缘	92.74	0.04	0.56	4.77	1.50	-33.1	-29.4		-137
MX13	高磨台缘	90.47	0.04	1.00	7.52	0.88	-32.9	-29.5		-141
注：高磨地区数据据参考文献[11]。

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表 2 四川盆地北部筇竹寺组干酪根碳同位素与灯影组四段储层沥青碳同位素数据

Table 2. Carbon isotope data of kerogen from Qiongzhusi Formation and bitumen in reservoirs of the fourth member of Dengying Formation, northern Sichuan Basin

井号或剖面	领域	岩性	类型	井深/m	地层	干酪根、沥青碳同位素/‰
RT1井	川北台内	深灰色泥岩	干酪根	8 065.66	筇竹寺组	-31.5
RT1井	川北台内	深灰色泥岩	干酪根	8 068.40	筇竹寺组	-31.5
RT1井	川北台内	深灰色泥岩	干酪根	8 070.85	筇竹寺组	-31.7
MS1井	川北台内	深灰色泥岩	干酪根	7 953.00	筇竹寺组	-29.4
MS1井	川北台内	深灰色泥岩	干酪根	8 020.00	筇竹寺组	-30.4
MS1井	川北台内	深灰色泥岩	干酪根	8 040.00	筇竹寺组	-30.7
南江贾郭山	川北台内	深灰色泥岩	干酪根		筇竹寺组	-33.1
旺苍民建村	川北台内	深灰色泥岩	干酪根		筇竹寺组	-34.1
宁强胡家坝	川北台内	灰色泥岩	干酪根		筇竹寺组	-33.1
RT1井	川北台内	藻白云岩	沥青	8 130.00	灯四段	-27.8
RT1井	川北台内	藻白云岩	沥青	8 130.34	灯四段	-27.9
RT1井	川北台内	藻白云岩	沥青	8 131.19	灯四段	-27.7
南江贾郭山	川北台内	藻白云岩	沥青		灯四段	-26.4
南江桥亭	川北台内	藻白云岩	沥青		灯四段	-27.4
南江杨坝	川北台内	藻白云岩	沥青		灯四段	-26.8
旺苍民建村	川北台内	藻白云岩	沥青		灯四段	-24.6
旺苍民建村	川北台内	藻白云岩	沥青		灯四段	-27.7
YS1井	川北台缘	藻云岩	沥青		灯四段	-31.2
YS1井	川北台缘	藻云岩	沥青		灯四段	-32.2
宁强胡家坝	川北台缘	藻白云岩	沥青		灯四段	-35.7
宁强胡家坝	川北台缘	藻白云岩	沥青		灯四段	-36.0

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