珠江口盆地油气勘探新进展与潜力区带预测

倪春华; 杨俊; 王彦青; 宋在超; 蒋天赐; 黄炳祺; 阎泽昊; 邢泽正; 朱珍君; 李琦; 陈贺贺

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025030451

珠江口盆地油气勘探新进展与潜力区带预测

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025030451

倪春华^1,,
杨俊¹,
王彦青¹,
宋在超¹,
蒋天赐²,
黄炳祺²,
阎泽昊²,
邢泽正²,
朱珍君²,
李琦^{2, 3, ,},
陈贺贺^{2, 3}

1.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所，江苏无锡 214126
2.
中国地质大学(北京) 海洋学院，北京 100083
3.
极地地质与海洋矿产教育部重点实验室，北京 100083

基金项目:

中国石化科技部项目 P24180

国家自然科学基金项目 41576066

国家自然科学基金项目 42306083

详细信息

作者简介:
倪春华(1981—)，男，博士，高级工程师，从事油气地质与地球化学研究。E-mail: nichunhua.syky@sinopec.com

通讯作者:
李琦(1969—)，男，博士，教授，从事海洋地质与沉积盆地分析研究。E-mail: liqi@cugb.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE132.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-14
- 修回日期: 2025-04-15
- 刊出日期: 2025-05-28

Recent advancements in oil and gas exploration and potential zone prediction in Pearl River Mouth Basin

1.
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
2.
School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Polar Geology and Marine Mineral Resources of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 珠江口盆地新生界油气资源丰富，探明储量增长迅速。低角度拆离型断层控烃、古潜山走滑断裂与风化淋滤控储、深水多类型储集体富集等地质认识创新为盆地勘探迎来新机遇。然而，该盆地地质结构复杂、目标类型多样，增加了勘探的难度。因此，在勘探理论突破的指导下，重新评估盆地新生界油气地质条件、明确油气勘探潜力区带至关重要。通过综合分析珠江口盆地的构造—沉积耦合作用、烃源岩条件和储层条件评价、油气运移特征，开展了盆地不同区带的油气地质成功概率评估，并计算了新生界总地质资源量。珠江口盆地在新生代经历了裂陷期、裂后拗陷期及构造活化期的构造演化，形成了陆相沉积、海陆过渡相沉积及浅海相沉积充填特征，控制了古近系两套主要烃源岩及陆、海相两套储层。浅水区的陆丰、惠州、文昌凹陷油气地质条件优越，含油气概率超过20%，地质风险较低，划分为Ⅰ类有利区带。新生界总地质资源量约为138亿吨，其中石油占71%，天然气占29%。基于区带评价和勘探实例，未来应重点加强深层古潜山、古近系及深水油气藏的勘探，特别是在恩平、开平、白云凹陷寻找低角度拆离型油气藏，文昌、阳江凹陷寻找深层走滑断裂潜山裂缝型油气藏，白云、荔湾凹陷寻找深水油气藏。这些凹陷有望成为珠江口盆地未来油气勘探的重要潜力区带。
- 区带含油气概率 /
- 有利区带评价 /
- 油气地质 /
- 勘探进展 /
- 珠江口盆地
Abstract: The Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB) is rich in oil and gas resources in the Cenozoic, with proven reserves growing rapidly. Geological breakthroughs, such as the identification of hydrocarbon accumulation controlled by low-angle detachment faults, strike-slip fault-controlled reservoirs in buried hills through weathering and leaching processes, and multi-type reservoir enrichment in deep-water areas, have offered new insights into exploration targets in PRMB. However, the complex geological structure and diverse target types in the basin increase the difficulty of exploration. Therefore, under the guidance of breakthroughs in exploration theory, it is crucial to reassess the Cenozoic oil and gas geological conditions in PRMB and identify potential oil and gas exploration zones. Through comprehensive analysis of the tectonic-sedimentary coupling relationships, hydrocarbon source rock and reservoir conditions, and oil and gas migration characteristics in PRMB, the oil and gas-bearing probability in different zones of PRMB was evaluated, and the total geological resource amount of the Cenozoic was calculated. The PRMB experienced significant tectonic evolution during the Cenozoic, characterized by rifting, post-rift depression, and structural activation. This evolution resulted in the formation of continental, transitional, and shallow marine sedimentary filling features, which controlled the development of two Paleogene hydrocarbon source rocks and two sets of continental and marine reservoirs. The oil and gas geological conditions in the shallow-water areas of the Lufeng, Huizhou, and Wenchang sags were favorable, with oil and gas-bearing probability exceeding 20% and relatively low geological risks. Therefore, these areas were classified as Class Ⅰ favorable zones. The total geological resource amount of the Cenozoic was approximately 13.8 billion tons, with oil accounting for 71% and natural gas 29%. Based on zone evaluation and actual exploration cases, future exploration should focus on buried hills, Paleogene, and deep-water oil and gas reservoirs, especially searching for those in low-angle detachment faults of the Enping, Kaiping, and Baiyun sags, fractured reservoirs controlled by deep strike-slip faults in buried hills of the Wenchang and Yangjiang sags, and deep-water reservoirs in the Baiyun and Liwan sags. These sags are expected to become important potential exploration zones for future oil and gas exploration in PRMB.
- oil and gas-bearing probability in zones /
- favorable zone evaluation /
- oil and gas geology /
- exploration progress /
- Pearl River Mouth Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

作者倪春华是本刊编委会成员和本刊主办单位员工; 杨俊、王彦青、宋在超是本刊主办单位员工，均未参与本文的同行评审或决策。

Author NI Chunhua is an Editorial Board Member and an employee of the sponsor of this journal. YANG Jun, WANG Yanqing and SONG Zaichao are employees of the sponsor of this journal. They did not take part in peer review or decision making of this article.

作者贡献/Authors'Contributions

倪春华、杨俊、王彦青、宋在超、李琦提出思路；蒋天赐、朱珍君完成初稿；倪春华、杨俊、李琦、朱珍君、陈贺贺参与讨论和修改；蒋天赐、阎泽昊负责数据整理；黄炳祺、邢泽正负责图件绘制。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The conceptual framework was developed by NI Chunhua, YANG Jun, WANG Yanqing, SONG Zaichao, and LI Qi. The initial draft was authored by JIANG Tianci and ZHU Zhenjun. NI Chunhua, YANG Jun, LI Qi, ZHU Zhenjun, and CHEN Hehe discussed and revised the manuscript. Data was organized by JIANG Tianci and YAN Zehao, and the diagrams were drawn by HUANG Bingqi and XING Zezheng. All authors have read the final version of the paper and consented to its submission.

HTML全文

图 1 珠江口盆地区域划分(a)及地质充填特征(b)

Figure 1. Regional division (a) and geological filling features (b) of PRMB

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图 2 珠江口盆地各凹陷新生代构造演化过程

据参考文献[9, 11, 13-14]修改。

Figure 2. Cenozoic tectonic evolution process of each sag in PRMB

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图 3 珠江口盆地沉积相平面图

据参考文献[20-21]修编。

Figure 3. Sedimentary facies maps of PRMB

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图 4 珠江口盆地烃源岩评价

据参考文献[21-26]修编。

Figure 4. Evaluation of hydrocarbon source rocks in PRMB

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图 5 珠江口盆地储层评价

据参考文献[27-31]修编。

Figure 5. Reservoir evaluation of PRMB

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图 6 珠江口盆地裂后期断裂体系分布

据李刚^[16]，有修改。

Figure 6. Distribution of post-rift fault system in PRMB

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图 7 珠江口盆地油气成藏关键时刻

据施和生等^[33]，有修改。
图中断裂系统一栏中，Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ和1, 2, 3, 4分别表示凹陷和隆起区断层活动的持续时间级别，其中1代表短期活动断层，而4代表长期活动断层，反映了断层作为油气输导体系的潜在有效性。

Figure 7. Key stages of oil and gas accumulation in PRMB

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图 8 珠江口盆地新生界资源潜力估算

Figure 8. Estimation of Cenozoic resource potential in PRMB

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图 9 珠江口盆地新生界有利区带优选及评价

Figure 9. Selection and evaluation of favorable zones in Cenozoic of PRMB

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图 10 珠江口盆地新勘探进展成藏模式

剖面位置见图 1a。

Figure 10. Accumulation models based on new exploration advancements in PRMB

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