鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区三叠系延长组7段页岩油储层特征及控制因素

齐荣; 朱峰; 何发岐; 姜龙燕; 尹超; 邵隆坎

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025040791

鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区三叠系延长组7段页岩油储层特征及控制因素

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025040791

1.
中国石化华北油气分公司勘探开发研究院, 郑州 450006
2.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214126
3.
中国石化华北油气分公司, 郑州 450006

详细信息

作者简介:
齐荣(1986—)，女，高级工程师，从事石油与天然气勘探工作。E-mail: qirong.hbsj@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-03
- 修回日期: 2025-06-17
- 刊出日期: 2025-07-28

Characteristics and controlling factors of shale oil reservoirs in the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

1.
Research Institute of Exploration and Development, North China Oil and Gas Branch, SINOPEC, Zhengzhou, Henan 450006, China
2.
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
3.
North China Oil and Gas Branch, SINOPEC, Zhengzhou, Henan 450006, China

摘要

摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组7段(简称长7段)页岩油资源丰富，但湖盆边缘和湖盆中心页岩油储层特征存在显著差异。目前，湖盆边缘麻黄山西地区页岩油储层研究程度较低，制约了该区页岩油的勘探进展。通过扫描电镜、高压压汞、低场核磁共振、氮气吸附和微米CT等分析手段，结合岩心观察和薄片鉴定等资料，对该区长7段页岩油储层特征进行精细刻画，同时利用碳氧同位素及常量、微量元素分析了优质储层发育机制。结果表明：麻黄山西地区长7段页岩油储层岩性主要为细砂岩、粉砂岩和泥页岩，长英质和黏土矿物含量较高，长英质矿物普遍达到50%以上；储层储集空间类型多样，不同岩性之间孔隙发育具有差异性，其中细砂岩以粒间孔和黏土矿物晶间孔为主，孔径集中分布于1~2 μm；粉砂岩(主要为泥质粉砂岩) 发育无机孔隙和有机质孔，主孔径分布在3 nm和500 nm附近；泥页岩以有机质黏土复合体孔隙和微裂缝为主，小于10 nm和数十纳米的孔径均有发育。储层物性与孔隙结构分析表明，夹层型细砂岩储层为优质储层类型，成岩压实过程中减孔约26%~33%，其储层砂体中部受成烃流体改造作用显著，现今孔隙度普遍大于5%；而夹层型砂体边缘和纹层型储层因胶结物的大量沉淀，物性相对较差。
- 页岩油 /
- 储层特征 /
- 控制因素 /
- 三叠系 /
- 麻黄山西地区 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地
Abstract: The seventh member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation (Chang 7) in the Ordos Basin is abundant in shale oil resources. However, there are significant differences in reservoir characteristics between the basin margin and the basin center. Currently, research on shale oil reservoirs in the western Mahuangshan area at the basin margin remains insufficient, which has constrained shale oil exploration in this area. In this study, a detailed characterization of the shale oil reservoirs of Chang 7 member in this area was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-pressure mercury injection, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), nitrogen adsorption, and micro-CT, combined with core observations and thin-section identification. Additionally, carbon and oxygen isotope and major and trace element analyses were conducted to investigate the development mechanism of high-quality reservoirs. The results showed that: (1) The shale oil reservoir in the Chang 7 member of the western Mahuangshan area is mainly composed of fine sandstone, siltstone, and mud shale. The mineral composition is characterized by high contents of felsic and clay minerals, with felsic minerals generally exceeding 50%. (2) The reservoir exhibits diverse space types, and the pore development differs among lithologies. In fine sandstone, intergranular pores and clay mineral intercrystalline pores are dominant, with pore sizes mainly distributed in the 1 to 2 μm range. In siltstone (mainly argillaceous siltstone), both inorganic pores and organic matter pores are developed, with dominant pore sizes near 3 nm and 500 nm. Mud shale is mainly composed of pores with organic-clay composites matter and microfractures, developed with pores below 10 nm and those in the range of tens of nanometers. (3) Analysis of reservoir physical properties and pore structure indicated that interbedded-type fine sandstone reservoirs represent the high-quality reservoir type. During compaction diagenesis, the porosity was reduced by approximately 26% to 33%. Hydrocarbon-generating fluids significantly modified the central parts of the sandstone bodies of reservoirs, and the current porosity generally exceeds 5%. In contrast, the edges of sandstone bodies and laminated-type reservoirs experienced substantial cement sedimentation, resulting in relatively poor physical properties.
- shale oil /
- reservoir characteristics /
- controlling factor /
- Triassic /
- western Mahuangshan area /
- Ordos Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

作者朱峰是本刊主办单位员工，未参与本文的同行评审或决策。

Author ZHU Feng is an employee of the sponsor of this journal.He did not take part in peer review or decision making of this article.

作者贡献/Authors'Contributions

齐荣、朱峰、姜龙燕参与实验设计；朱峰、姜龙燕、尹超完成实验操作；齐荣、朱峰、何发歧、尹超、邵隆坎参与论文写作和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The study was designed by QI Rong, ZHU Feng, and JIANG Longyan. The experimental operation was completed by ZHU Feng, JIANG Longyan, and YIN Chao. The manuscript was drafted and revised by QI Rong, ZHU Feng, HE Faqi, YIN Chao, and SHAO Longkan. All authors have read the final version of the paper and consented to its submission.

HTML全文

图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区研究区位置(a)和三叠系延长组沉积相平面图(b)及长7段综合柱状图(c)

Figure 1. Location of the study area (a), planar map of sedimentary facies in Triassic Yanchang Formation (b), and composite column of Chang 7 member (c) in western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

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图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区研究区三叠系延长组7段主要岩石类型

a.ND35井，2 677.31 m，长7₁亚段，灰白色细砂岩；b.ND18井，2 576.67 m，长7₁亚段，含泥质纹层细砂岩；c.ND6井，长7₂亚段，2 382.55 m，纹层状泥质粉砂岩；d.DP1井，2 776.38 m，长7₃亚段，黑色泥岩。

Figure 2. Main rock types of the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in the study area, western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

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图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区研究区三叠系延长组7段矿物组成三角图

Figure 3. Ternary diagram of mineral composition in the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in the study area, western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

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图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区三叠系延长组7段不同岩性铸体薄片及氩离子抛光扫描电镜下储集空间类型特征

a.ND103井，2 729.5 m，长7₁亚段，灰白色细砂岩，粒间和粒内溶孔；b.ND103井，2 759.2 m，长7₂亚段，灰白色细砂岩含泥质纹层，粒间溶孔、微裂缝；c.ND103井，2 771.07 m，长7₂亚段，细砂岩，残余粒间孔、晶间孔；d.ND21井，2 678.57 m，长7₃亚段，灰白色粉砂岩夹泥质纹层，微裂缝；e.ND103井，2 771.07 m，长7₂亚段，灰白色粉砂岩夹泥质纹层，晶间孔；f.ND18井，2 576.67 m，长7₁亚段，灰黑色泥质粉砂岩，绿泥石纳米级晶间孔；g.ND18井，2 576.67 m，长7₁亚段，灰黑色泥质粉砂岩含灰质纹层，有机质孔隙；h.DP1井，2 757.82 m，长7₃亚段，泥岩，条带状、块状有机质，发育收缩缝；i.DP1井，2 757.82 m，长7₃亚段，黑色泥岩，有机质黏土复合体孔隙发育。

Figure 4. Reservoir space type characteristics of different lithologies in cast thin sections and argon ion polishing SEM images of the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

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图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区研究区延长组7段不同类型页岩油储层样品压汞孔径分布(a-c)和氮气吸附孔径分布(d)

Figure 5. Mercury intrusion pore size distribution (a-c) and nitrogen adsorption pore size distribution (d) of different types of shale oil reservoir samples from the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in the study area, western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

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图 6 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区研究区三叠系延长组7段不同类型储层样品T₂谱

Figure 6. T₂ spectra of different types of reservoir samples in the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in the study area, western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

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图 7 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区研究区三叠系延长组7段不同类型储层样品CT扫描三维重构和孔隙三维分布

孔隙三维图中，不同颜色表示不同孔隙团簇。

Figure 7. 3D reconstruction and pore 3D distribution in CT scans of different types of reservoir samples from the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in the study area, western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

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图 8 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区研究区三叠系延长组7段页岩油储层孔隙度和渗透率交会图

Figure 8. Cross-plots of porosity and permeability of shale oil reservoirs in the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in the study area, western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

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图 9 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区研究区三叠系延长组7段机械压实特征照片

a.ND103井，2 729.5 m，长7₁亚段，石英颗粒压溶；b.ND15井，2 760.5 m，长7₂亚段，灰黑色泥质粉砂岩石英颗粒定向排列；c.ND6井，2 382.05 m，长7₁亚段，灰黑色泥质纹层细砂岩中云母变形。

Figure 9. Photographs of mechanical compaction characteristics in the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in the study area, western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

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图 10 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区研究区三叠系延长组7段胶结物及交代特征显微照片

a.ND44井，2 603.82 m，长7₃亚段，石英次生加大；b.ND103井，2 771.07 m，长7₂亚段，书页状高岭石、绿泥石胶结充填粒间孔；c.ND18井，2 576.67 m，长7₁亚段，灰黑色泥质粉砂岩，绿泥石集合体；d.ND6井，2 382.05 m，长7₁亚段，灰白色含泥质纹层粉砂岩碳酸盐胶结；e.ND103井，2 758.0 m，长7₂亚段，灰白色含泥质纹层细砂岩碳酸盐胶结；f.ND15井，2 759.98 m，长7₃亚段，灰白色细砂岩碳酸盐胶结；g.ND103井，2 758.2 m，长7₂亚段，长石蚀变碳酸盐见溶孔；h.ND21井，2 580.87 m，长7₁亚段，碳酸盐交代；i.ND53井，2 578.83 m，长7₃亚段，长石被碳酸盐交代仍保留双晶特征。

Figure 10. Photomicrographs of cementation and alternation characteristics in the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in the study area, western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

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图 11 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区研究区延长组7段碳酸盐矿物碳氧同位素分布

Figure 11. Carbon and oxygen isotope distributions of carbonate minerals in the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in the study area, western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

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图 12 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区研究区三叠系延长组7段MnO与CaO(a)、Mn/Sr与δ¹³C_PDB(b)关系

Figure 12. Relationship between MnO and CaO (a), Mn/Sr and δ¹³C_PDB (b) in the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in the study area, western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

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图 13 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区研究区ND21井(a)和ND103井(b)三叠系延长组7段流体—岩石相互作用综合柱状图

Figure 13. Composite columns showing fluid and rock interactions in the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in well ND21 (a) and well ND103 (b) of the study area, western Mahuangshan area, Ordos Basin

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图 14 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山西地区研究区三叠系长7段储层流体—岩石相互作用与优质储层发育模式

Figure 14. Fluid and rock interaction and development model of high-quality reservoirs in the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in the study area, western Mahuangshan west area, Ordos Basin

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