珠江口盆地白云凹陷始新统不同岩性烃源岩有机质特征及其油气地质意义

陈玥; 朱晓军; 张丽丽; 向绪洪; 曾翔; 朱伟林

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025040835

珠江口盆地白云凹陷始新统不同岩性烃源岩有机质特征及其油气地质意义

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025040835

陈玥^{1, 2,},
朱晓军^{1, 2, ,},
张丽丽^{3, 4},
向绪洪^{3, 4},
曾翔⁵,
朱伟林^{1, 2}

1.
同济大学海洋地质全国重点实验室, 上海 200092
2.
同济大学海洋资源研究中心, 上海 200092
3.
中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司, 广东深圳 518054
4.
中海石油(中国)有限公司深海开发有限公司, 广东深圳 518054
5.
中国石化经纬有限公司地质测控技术研究院, 山东青岛 266071

基金项目:

中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金 22120220591

上海市自然科学基金 21ZR1468900

详细信息

作者简介:
陈玥(2000—)，男，硕士生，从事石油地质研究。E-mail: chenyue21@tongji.edu.cn

通讯作者:
朱晓军(1986—)，男，博士，副研究员，从事有机—矿物相互作用与石油地质研究。E-mail: xjzhu@tongji.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE122.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 12
- HTML全文浏览量: 4
- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-09
- 修回日期: 2025-06-06
- 刊出日期: 2025-07-28

Organic matter characteristics of Eocene source rocks with different lithologies in Baiyun Sag of Pearl River Mouth Basin and their geological significance

CHEN Yue^{1, 2
,},
ZHU Xiaojun^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHANG Lili^{3, 4},
XIANG Xuhong^{3, 4},
ZENG Xiang⁵,
ZHU Weilin^{1, 2}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
2.
Research Center for Marine Resources, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
3.
Shenzhen Branch of CNOOC, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518054, China
4.
CNOOC Deepwater Development Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong 518054, China
5.
Geosteering & Logging Research Institute, SINOPEC Matrix Corporation, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China

摘要

摘要: 珠江口盆地珠二坳陷深水区白云凹陷发育泥岩、碳质泥岩和煤3类烃源岩。现有研究缺乏充分的实验数据支撑，难以准确评估不同岩性烃源岩生烃潜力差异及区域资源潜力。为厘清白云凹陷始新统烃源岩的岩性特征及生烃潜力，综合运用岩石薄片鉴定、X射线衍射分析、孢粉相识别及有机地球化学分析等手段，系统开展了岩性划分、有机质组成解析和生烃潜力评估。白云凹陷始新统烃源岩矿物成分和有机质组成差异大，沉积构造多样。按照总有机碳含量和矿物成分特征，凹陷内烃源岩可分为富砂泥岩、含砂泥岩、碳质泥岩和煤。不同岩性烃源岩特征差异大：含砂泥岩主要为块状构造，有机质丰度较高，以煤质有机质为主，含有一定量的无定形有机质，为偏腐泥型烃源岩，生烃潜力相对较大，倾向于生油；富砂泥岩主要为含碎屑块状构造，有机质丰度较低，以煤质和孢质为主，为偏腐殖型烃源岩，生烃潜力相对小于含砂泥岩，倾向于生气；碳质泥岩和煤分别以断续纹层状和纹层状构造为主，二者有机质丰度高，以煤质、木质和壳质有机质为主，为偏腐殖型烃源岩，倾向于生气。富砂泥岩主要分布于始新统恩平组和文昌组沉积期的凹陷东部和南部，含砂泥岩主要分布于恩平组和文昌组沉积期的凹陷东部，碳质泥岩和煤主要分布于下文昌组和恩平组沉积期的凹陷南部。
- 烃源岩 /
- 岩性划分 /
- 有机质 /
- 生烃潜力 /
- 始新统 /
- 白云凹陷 /
- 珠江口盆地
Abstract: In the deep-water area of the Zhu Ⅱ Depression of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, the Baiyun Sag develops three types of source rocks: mudstone, carbonaceous mudstone, and coal. Existing studies lack experimental data support, making it difficult to accurately assess the differences in hydrocarbon generation potential among source rocks with different lithologies and from different regions. To clarify the lithologies and hydrocarbon generation potential of Eocene source rocks in the Baiyun Sag, comprehensive methods, including thin-section identification, X-ray diffraction analysis, palynofacies identification, and organic geochemical analysis, were used to systematically conduct lithological division, organic matter composition analysis, and hydrocarbon generation potential evaluation. The Eocene source rocks in the Baiyun Sag showed significant differences in mineral composition and organic matter content, with diverse sedimentary structures. Based on the total organic carbon content and mineral composition characteristics, the source rocks in the Baiyun Sag can be classified into sand-rich mudstone, sand-bearing mudstone, carbonaceous mudstone, and coal. The characteristics of these source rocks with different lithologies vary greatly. The sand-bearing mudstone has a massive structure with a relatively high organic matter abundance, mainly coaly organic matter, and contains some amorphous organic matter. Its source rocks are primarily sapropelic with relatively higher hydrocarbon generation potential and tend to generate oil. Sand-rich mudstone is primarily characterized by a clastic massive structure with a relatively low abundance of organic matter, mainly coaly and sporonic organic matter. The source rocks are mainly humic with relatively smaller hydrocarbon generation potential and tend to generate gas. Carbonaceous mudstone and coal are mainly characterized by discontinuous laminated structures and laminated structures, respectively, with high organic matter abundance, predominantly coaly, woody, and shell-type organic matter. Both are humic source rocks and tend to generate gas. The sand-rich mudstone is mainly distributed in the eastern and southern parts of the sag during the sedimentation periods of the Eocene Enping Formation and Wenchang Formation, the sand-bearing mudstone in the eastern part of the sag during the same periods, and the carbonaceous mudstone and coal in the southern part of the sag during the sedimentation periods of the Lower Wenchang Formation and Enping Formation.
- source rocks /
- lithological division /
- organic matter /
- hydrocarbon generation potential /
- Eocene /
- Baiyun Sag /
- Pearl River Mouth Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors declare no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

陈玥、朱晓军、曾翔参与实验设计；陈玥、曾翔完成实验操作；陈玥、朱晓军、曾翔负责图件绘制；陈玥、朱晓军、张丽丽、向绪洪、曾翔、朱伟林参与论文写作和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The study was designed by CHEN Yue, ZHU Xiaojun, and ZENG Xiang. The experimental operation was completed by CHEN Yue and ZENG Xiang. The images were drawn by CHEN Yue, ZHU Xiaojun, and ZENG Xiang. The manuscript was drafted and revised by CHEN Yue, ZHU Xiaojun, ZHANG Lili, XIANG Xuhong, ZENG Xiang, and ZHU Weilin. All authors have read the final version of the paper and consented to its submission.

HTML全文

图 1 珠江口盆地白云凹陷构造位置、钻井分布及始新统地层柱状图

修改自文献[35]；左下角白云凹陷构造位置图基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2023)2762号的标准地图制作。

Figure 1. Structural location, well distribution, and Eocene stratigraphic column of Baiyun Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

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图 2 珠江口盆地白云凹陷始新统烃源岩岩石薄片照片

a.L32井，4 611~4 614 m，泥岩，含碎屑块状构造，单偏光；b.L13井，3 705~3 710 m，泥岩，含碎屑块状构造，可见有机质填充裂缝，单偏光；c.L13井，3 635~3 640 m，泥岩，含碎屑块状构造，有机质填充于石英矿物缝隙中，单偏光；d.L13井，4 480~4 485 m，泥岩，含碎屑块状构造，可见有机质颗粒，单偏光；e.L32井，4 332~4 335 m，泥岩，块状构造，单偏光；f.PY25井，4 069.2 m，泥岩，块状构造，有机质定向排列，单偏光；g.L13井，4 360~4 365 m，碳质泥岩，断续纹层状构造，单偏光；h.L13井，4 480~4 485 m，煤岩，纹层状构造，单偏光；i.L13井，4 365~4 370 m，煤岩，纹层状构造，单偏光。

Figure 2. Images of Eocene source rock thin sections from Baiyun Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

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图 3 珠江口盆地白云凹陷始新统烃源岩热解和孢粉相特征

a.TOC含量；b.S₁+S₂；c.有机质类型；d.有机质类型指数；e.孢粉相。

Figure 3. Pyrolysis and palynofacies characteristics of Eocene source rocks in Baiyun Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

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图 4 珠江口盆地白云凹陷始新统烃源岩可溶有机质和生物标志物特征

Figure 4. Soluble organic matter and biomarker characteristics of Eocene source rocks in Baiyun Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

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图 5 珠江口盆地白云凹陷始新统烃源岩矿物相对含量

Figure 5. Relative mineral content of Eocene source rocks in Baiyun Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

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图 6 珠江口盆地白云凹陷始新统不同岩性烃源岩矿物相对含量特征

Figure 6. Relative mineral content of Eocene source rocks with different lithologies in Baiyun Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

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图 7 珠江口盆地白云凹陷始新统不同岩性烃源岩有机质组成特征

a.不同岩性烃源岩TOC含量；b.TOC含量频率分布；c.孢粉相；d.Pr/nC₁₇与Ph/nC₁₈交会图；e.C₂₇，C₂₈和C₂₉规则甾烷三元图。

Figure 7. Organic matter composition of Eocene source rocks with different lithologies in Baiyun Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

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图 8 珠江口盆地白云凹陷始新统不同岩性烃源岩生烃潜力特征

a.有机质丰度；b.有机质类型；c.有机质类型指数；d.氯仿沥青“A”/ω(TOC)；e.生烃潜力指数；f.族组分。

Figure 8. Hydrocarbon generation potential of Eocene source rocks with different lithologies in Baiyun Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

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图 9 珠江口盆地白云凹陷始新统不同岩性烃源岩的层位及平面分布

Figure 9. Stratigraphic and planar distribution of Eocene source rocks with different lithologies in Baiyun Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

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