"NMR+" shale oil experimental technology system and application
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摘要: 为准确获取页岩油孔隙度、含油饱和度、可动油饱和度等储层评价关键参数，以岩心核磁共振为基础，结合氦气法、重水抑制法、多温阶加热法联测实验，建立了“核磁+”页岩油实验技术体系，实现一套实验流程、多岩石物理参数的获取。“核磁+氦气”通过测试岩心赋存及逸散流体含量，获取总孔隙度；“核磁+重水抑制”基于重水抑制及毛管渗吸原理，明确二维核磁图谱不同流体分布及含量，获取含油饱和度；“核磁+多温阶加热”基于加热前、后不同状态二维核磁分布，明确重质烃流动起始温度点及油气逸散量，获取可动油饱和度。应用该技术体系，对鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区X井三叠系延长组长73段(2 285.26 m)新鲜富有机质页岩样品进行测试，明确总孔隙度为5.5%，含油饱和度为53.66%，可动油饱和度为42.68%；同时基于实验结果，计算该段储层核磁测井可动孔隙度T2截止值为4 ms。“核磁+”页岩油实验技术体系的建立和应用，丰富了室内实验室获取岩心孔隙度、饱和度的手段与方法。Abstract: To accurately obtain the key reservoir evaluation parameters such as porosity, oil saturation, and movable oil saturation in shale oil, an experimental technology system "NMR+" was established based on core nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), combined with helium gas method, heavy water inhibition method, and multi-temperature heating method. Through this set of experimental workflow, multiple petrophysical parameters were obtained. Total porosity was obtained via the "NMR + helium" method by measuring the content of retained and escaping fluids in the cores. The "NMR + heavy water inhibition" method determined the distribution and content of different fluids using 2D NMR spectra based on the principles of heavy water inhibition and capillary imbibition, thereby obtaining oil saturation. The "NMR + multi-temperature heating" method determined the initial temperature point at which heavy hydrocarbons began to move and the amount of escaped hydrocarbon, based on the differences in 2D NMR distributions before and after heating, thereby obtaining movable oil saturation. This technical system was applied to fresh organic-rich shale samples from the third submember of the seventh member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation (Chang 73) (2 285.26 m) of well X in the Longdong area, Ordos Basin. A total porosity of 5.5%, oil saturation of 53.66%, and movable oil saturation of 42.68% were determined. At the same time, based on the experimental results, a 4 ms T2 cut-off value for movable porosity was calculated for this reservoir submember using NMR logging. The establishment and application of the "NMR+" experimental technology system for shale oil have enriched the laboratory methods and approaches for obtaining core porosity and saturation.
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图 4 去离子水、油滴加重水过程中核磁图谱变化
Figure 4. NMR spectral changes during heavy water addition to deionized water and crude oil droplets
图 5 浸泡岩心后重水溶液中的元素含量
Figure 5. Elemental composition of heavy water after core immersion
图 6 页岩油岩心不同回波间隔二维核磁图谱
Figure 6. 2D NMR spectra of shale oil cores under different echo spacings
图 7 不同进气压力及平衡时间下氦气孔隙度特征
Figure 7. Helium porosity characteristics under different injection pressures and equilibration times
图 8 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区X井延长组长73段页岩油岩心不同时间浸泡重水T1—T2二维核磁分布变化特征
Figure 8. Change characteristics of 2D NMR T1-T2 distribution of shale oil cores from Chang 73 submember in well X, Longdong area, Ordos Basin after immersing in heavy water for different durations
图 9 多温阶加热过程中鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区X井延长组长73段页岩油岩心二维核磁图谱变化
Figure 9. 2D NMR spectral changes of shale oil cores from Chang 73 submember in well X, Longdong area, Ordos Basin during multi-temperature heating process
图 10 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区X井核磁测井不同T2截止值对应的可动油饱和度
Figure 10. Movable oil saturation corresponding to different T2 cut-off values of NMR logging in well X, Longdong area, Ordos Basin
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