基于CT扫描与图像处理技术的岩心多尺度裂缝提取方法

吴丰; 陈学武; 赵辉; 石祥超; 刘建锋

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025040882

基于CT扫描与图像处理技术的岩心多尺度裂缝提取方法

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025040882

1.
西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院, 成都 610500
2.
中国石油川庆钻探工程公司地质勘探开发研究院, 成都 610051
3.
西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室, 成都 610500
4.
四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室, 成都 610065

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金项目 U20A20266

中国石油—西南石油大学创新联合体科技合作项目 2020CX010303

详细信息

作者简介:
吴丰(1983—)，男，博士，副教授，从事非常规储层测井评价与三维数字岩心模拟研究。E-mail: wfswpu@126.com

中图分类号: TE135
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-29
- 修回日期: 2025-05-18
- 刊出日期: 2025-07-28

Computed tomography and image processing based multi-scale fracture extraction method for core samples

1.
School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
2.
Research Institute of Geological Exploration and Development, Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co., LTD., PetroChina, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
4.
State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China

摘要

摘要: 裂缝广泛存在于各类岩石中，其特征对于储层评价、油气藏开发和地质灾害预测等领域具有重要意义。现有基于图像处理的裂缝提取技术在微裂缝识别、裂缝细节特征提取、裂缝与孔隙区分等方面存在明显不足。提出了一种多尺度裂缝滤波核叠加降噪方法，采用多个滤波核叠加对岩心CT扫描图像进行滤波降噪，再将滤波结果叠加；提出了一种多尺度信息增强裂缝分割方法，将阈值分割、顶帽分割等图像分割方法与边缘增强技术相结合，以增强微裂缝信息，并针对不同尺度裂缝采取不同的分割策略；分析了图像分割三维体的长度、宽度、表面积、体积、形状因子、平整度和伸长率等形态参数之间的关系。研究结果表明，多尺度裂缝滤波核叠加降噪方法显著降低了岩心CT扫描图像噪声干扰，精准地保留了裂缝细节特征；多尺度信息增强裂缝分割方法提高了多尺度裂缝的提取精确度和稳定性；裂缝形态参数图版能剔除与裂缝相似的孔隙、特殊矿物边界等非裂缝，最终实现多尺度裂缝的准确提取。
- 裂缝 /
- 数字岩心 /
- CT扫描 /
- 图像处理 /
- 滤波 /
- 边缘增强
Abstract: Fractures are widely present in various kinds of rocks and are critical for reservoir evaluation, deve-lopment, and geological disaster prediction. Existing image-based fracture extraction technologies have noticeable deficiencies in micro-fracture recognition, fracture detail extraction, and fracture and pore differentiation. A multiscale fracture filter kernel superimposition noise reduction method was proposed, which used multiple filter kernels in superimposition to filter and reduce noises in CT scanning images of rock cores, with the filtering results then superimposed. A multiscale information-enhanced fracture segmentation method was also proposed. It combined image segmentation methods such as threshold and top-hat segmentation with edge enhancement to better capture micro-fracture information, applying different strategies for fractures of varying scales. The relationships between morphological parameters such as length, width, surface area, volume, shape factor, flatness, and elongation of the segmented 3D volumes were analyzed. The results showed that the proposed noise reduction method significantly reduced noise interference in CT scanning images of rock cores, and accurately preserved detailed fracture characteristics. This method improves the accuracy and stability of multiscale fracture extraction. The fracture morphological parameter chart effectively eliminates non-fractures such as pores and special mineral boundaries that are similar to fractures, achieving precise extraction of multiscale fractures.
- fracture /
- digital rock core /
- CT scanning /
- image processing /
- filtering /
- edge enhancement
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors declare no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

吴丰、陈学武、赵辉、石祥超、刘建锋参与实验设计；吴丰、陈学武完成实验操作；吴丰、陈学武参与论文写作和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交

The experiment was designed by WU Feng, CHEN Xuewu, ZHAO Hui, SHI Xiangchao, and LIU Jianfeng. The experimental operation was completed by WU Feng and CHEN Xuewu. The manuscript was drafted and revised by WU Feng and CHEN Xuewu. All authors have read the final version of the paper and consented to its submission.

HTML全文

图 1 三块不同裂缝特征岩心的照片与CT扫描图像

Figure 1. Photographs and CT scanning images of three rock cores with different fracture characteristics

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 三种滤波方法在样品C裂缝区域的降噪效果对比

Figure 2. Comparison of noise reduction effects of three filtering methods in fracture region of sample C

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 样品A采用滤波核3、7、15的叠加降噪优化效果

Figure 3. Optimized noise reduction effects using superimposition of filter kernels 3, 7, and 15 with sample A

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 样品C中常用图像分割方法裂缝提取效果对比

Figure 4. Comparison of fracture extraction effects using common image segmentation methods with sample C

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 样品C宏观裂缝与微裂缝差异化提取效果对比

Figure 5. Comparison of differential extraction effects of macro- and micro-fractures in sample C

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 样品A、B、C裂缝形状因子分析

Figure 6. Fracture shape factor analysis of samples A, B, and C

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 样品A、B、C裂缝平整度、伸长率分析

Figure 7. Fracture flatness and elongation analysis of samples A, B, and C

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 样品A、B、C岩心裂缝提取结果

Figure 8. Fracture extraction results of samples A, B, and C

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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