Utilization strategies for deep coal-measure reservoirs with different stacking patterns in Linxing block, Ordos Basin
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摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块已进入致密气、煤层气协同开发阶段，致密砂岩与煤层的叠置模式直接影响开发方式。通过对叠置关系的研究，并从临兴区块不同开发方式生产动态出发，进行深部煤系储层动用策略研究。基于致密砂岩与煤层发育沉积特征和相对位置关系，临兴区块砂煤叠置模式主要包括砂煤互层型和上砂下煤型。对比不同叠置模式下的开发现状，水平井是深层煤层气单独开发时的首选井型，煤层气与致密气两气合采井初期产气能力高于单采煤层直井定向井。进一步建立了以经济效益为优化目标的不同叠置模式下深层煤系储层动用策略优选图版：当煤层丰度小于1.1×108 m3/km2、且致密气层为一类或二类气层时，采用两气合采方式进行开发；当煤层丰度介于(1.1~1.5)×108 m3/km2时，若致密气层不发育，采用水平井单独动用煤层，若致密气层为一类或二类气层时，则采用致密气—煤层气两气合采方式进行开发；当煤层丰度大于1.5×108 m3/km2时，若致密气层不发育或为二类、三类气层，采用水平井单独动用煤，若致密气层为一类气层，则采用致密气、煤层气单独开发方式进行开发。该研究为临兴区块及相似区块等深层煤层气资源两气协同高效开发提供技术支撑。Abstract: The Linxing block in the Ordos Basin has entered the stage of co-production of tight gas and coalbed methane (CBM), and the stacking patterns of tight sandstone and coal seams directly affect the production methods. By analyzing the stacking relationships and production dynamics using different development methods in the Linxing block, the utilization strategies for deep coal-measure reservoirs were investigated. Based on the sedimentary characteristics and relative spatial positions of tight sandstone and coal seams, the sand-coal stacking patterns in the Linxing block were mainly categorized into interbedded sand-coal type and upper sand-lower coal type. By comparing the development status under different stacking patterns, it was found that horizontal wells were preferred for the independent development of deep CBM, and wells co-producing CBM and tight gas had higher initial gas production capacity than vertical or directional wells producing CBM alone. An optimization chart of deep coal-measure reservoir utilization strategies under different stacking patterns was further established, with economic efficiency as the optimization objective. When CBM abundance is less than 1.1×108 m3/km2 and the tight gas reservoir is classified as a Class Ⅰ or Class Ⅱ, a co-production approach should be adopted. Under the condition that CBM abundance ranges from 1.1×108 to 1.5×108 m3/km2, if the tight gas reservoir is underdeveloped, horizontal wells should be used for the independent utilization of CBM; if the tight gas reservoir is classified as Class Ⅰ or Ⅱ, a co-production method should be adopted. Under the condition that CBM abundance exceeds 1.5×108 m3/km2, if the tight gas reservoir is underdeveloped or classified as Class Ⅱ or Ⅲ, horizontal wells should be used to develop the coal seams solely; if the tight gas reservoir is classified as Class Ⅰ, tight gas and CBM should be developed separately. The research provides technical support for the efficient co-production of deep CBM resources in the Linxing block and other similar blocks.
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图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块砂煤叠置模式
Figure 2. Stacking patterns of sandstone and coal in Linxing block, Ordos Basin
图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块不同深层煤层气井产量预测曲线
Figure 3. Production prediction curves of different deep CBM wells in Linxing block, Ordos Basin
图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块下石盒子组盒7段地层特征参数与无阻流量关系
Figure 4. Relationship between stratigraphic characteristic parameters and open-flow potential of the seventh member of Shihezi Formation in Linxing block, Ordos Basin
图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块不同叠置模式下深层煤系储层动用策略优选图版
Figure 5. Optimization chart of deep coal-measure reservoir utilization strategies under different stacking patterns in Linxing block, Ordos Basin
表 1 鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块LX1-79井及相邻井组投产井信息
Table 1. Production well information of well LX1-79 and adjacent well groups in Linxing block, Ordos Basin
井名 含气量/(m3/t) 煤层厚度/m 相邻气层
厚度/m90天峰值平均
产气量/(m3/d)LX1-79-1D 14.3 13.0 0 2 913 LX1-79-2D 14.5 12.1 0 2 352 LX1-79-3D 14.5 12.5 0 2 633 LX1-79-4D 14.5 12.5 2.2 7 115 LXC1-67-5D 14.1 12.7 1.5 6 199 LXC1-67-6D 14.1 12.9 2.5 5 264 LXC1-67-7D 14.1 13.2 2.2 4 769 LXC1-67-8D 14.8 13.0 0 2 698 LXC1-67-9D 14.8 12.8 0 3 352 LXC1-67-10D 14.8 12.8 3.8 5 523 LXC1-67-11D 14.8 12.9 4.5 6 741 LX1-85 14.3 13.1 0 2 908 LX1-85-1D 14.3 13.2 0 3 321 LX1-85-2D 14.3 13.2 0 3 154 
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表 2 鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块6口新井预测90天峰值产量与实际90天峰值产量对比
Table 2. Comparison between predicted and actual 90-day peak production of six new wells in Linxing block, Ordos
钻井 含气量/(m3/t) 压裂砂量/m3 排量/(m3/min) 压裂液量/m3 煤层厚度/m 构造高度/m 实测产量/(m3/d) 预测产量/(m3/d) 误差/% A井 14.83 220 13 2 066 14 -791 2 723 2 906 7.63 B井 10.20 496 20 4 123 16 -763 6 214 6 666 7.52 C井 8.19 276 16 2 801 13 -802 2 263 2 222 1.24 D井 15.52 219 15 2 026 14 -810 3 274 3 120 2.50 E井 17.07 401 22 3 024 15 -782 7 105 6 637 5.19 F井 18.44 240 20 2 300 16 -758 4 951 4 587 7.34
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表 3 鄂尔多斯盆地大宁—吉县深层煤层气井3年平均产气量与峰值产气量的比例
Table 3. Ratios of three-year average gas production to peak gas production of deep CBM wells in Daning-Jixian area, Ordos Basin
井号 排采时间/d 3年平均产气量/(m3/d) 峰值产气量/(m3/d) 比例 大吉-1 674 2 620 5 791 0.45 大吉-2 454 3 490 4 469 0.78 大吉-3 360 4 940 5 193 0.95 大吉-4 217 3 844 4 300 0.89 大吉-5 217 3 536 4 050 0.87 大吉-6 361 2 033 3 167 0.64 大吉-7 344 1 550 2 425 0.64 大吉-8 390 990 2 142 0.46 大吉-9 459 1 530 2 824 0.54 大吉-10 459 1 320 1 915 0.69 大吉-11 241 1 400 1 810 0.77 大吉-12 459 1 450 2 864 0.51 平均 2 295 3 430 0.67
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表 4 鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块典型井数值模型参数
Table 4. Numerical model parameters of typical wells in Linxing block, Ordos Basin
参数 参数值 参数 参数值 煤层厚度/m 8.6 割理渗透率/10-3 μm2 0.08 孔隙度/% 5 地层压力/MPa 19.8 裂缝半长/m 70 裂缝导流能力/(10-3 μm2·m) 250 兰氏压力/MPa 2.3 兰氏体积/(m3/t) 15.2 含气量/(m3/t) 12.2 临界解吸压力/MPa 18.5
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表 5 鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块致密气储量分类划分标准
Table 5. Classification criteria for tight gas reserves in Linxing block, Ordos Basin
类别 砂岩
厚度/m渗透率/10-3 μm2 地层特征参数/(10-3 μm2·m) 单层无阻流量/(104 m3/d) Ⅰ类 ＞4.0 ＞1.0 ＞2 164 ＞1.5 Ⅱ类 2.0~4.0 0.3~1.0 750~2 164 0.3~1.5 Ⅲ类 ＜2.0 ＜0.3 ＜750 ＜0.3
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表 6 鄂尔多斯盆地临兴区块不同叠置模式下不同开发方式经济效益
Table 6. Economic benefits of different development approaches under different stacking patterns in Linxing block, Ordos Basin
煤层丰度/108 m3/km2 致密气地层
特征参数/(10-3 μm2·m)煤层气
累产/104 m3致密气
累产/104 m3不同开发方式经济指标/104 m3 判断结果 水平井
单采煤层直井单采
致密气层以煤层气为主
的两气合采以致密气为主
的两气合采两气
单独开发0.80 500 2 040 193 -1 747 -2 119 -4 689 -770 -3 866 无效益 0.80 1 000 2 040 386 -1 747 -1 583 -4 153 -233 -3 329 无效益 0.80 2 000 2 040 773 -1 747 -509 -3 080 840 -2 256 以致密气为主的两气合采 0.80 4 000 2 040 1 545 -1 747 1 637 -934 2 986 -110 以致密气为主的两气合采 0.80 8 000 2 040 3 090 -1 747 5 929 3 359 7 278 4 182 以致密气为主的两气合采 0.80 10 000 2 040 3 863 -1 747 8 075 5 505 9 424 6 328 以致密气为主的两气合采 1.50 500 3 825 193 2 830 -2 119 32 410 711 水平井单采煤层 1.50 1 000 3 825 386 2 830 -1 583 569 947 1 247 水平井单采煤层 1.50 2 000 3 825 773 2 830 -509 1 642 2 020 2 320 水平井单采煤层 1.50 4 000 3 825 1 545 2 830 1 637 3 788 4 166 4 466 两气单独开发 1.50 8 000 3 825 3 090 2 830 5 929 8 080 8 458 8 759 两气单独开发 1.50 10 000 3 825 3 863 2 830 8 075 10 226 10 605 10 905 两气单独开发
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