鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段致密油储层孔隙发育特征及其主控因素

王良军; 岳欣欣; 李连生; 王延鹏

doi:10.11781/sysydz2024061135

鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段致密油储层孔隙发育特征及其主控因素

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2024061135

1.
中国石化河南油田分公司, 河南南阳 473132
2.
中国石化河南油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 河南南阳 473132

基金项目:

中国石化科技开发部项目“中西部三大叠合盆地及周缘资源评价” P23244

详细信息

作者简介:
王良军(1972—),男,正高级工程师,从事油气地质研究与勘探目标评价工作。E-mail:wanglj389.hnyt@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-18
- 修回日期: 2024-10-11
- 刊出日期: 2024-11-28

Pore development characteristics and main controlling factors of tight oil reservoir in the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

1.
Henan Oilfield Branch Company, SINOPEC, Nanyang, Henan 473132, China
2.
Exploration and Development Research Institute, Henan Oilfield Branch Company, SINOPEC, Nanyang, Henan 473132, China

摘要

摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段为典型的致密油储层，具有低孔、低渗、非均质性强等特征，明确储层孔隙发育特征及其主控因素，有利于致密油的勘探与开发。通过岩石薄片、物性、扫描电镜、X衍射分析、压汞等实验，深入研究了致密油储层的岩石学特征、储集空间、成岩演化等储层发育特征，并揭示其主控因素。鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区延长组7段储层埋深在500~1 250 m，岩性以岩屑长石砂岩为主，其次为长石岩屑砂岩，填隙物以方解石、白云石和泥质杂基为主；研究区储层砂体厚度大，成分成熟度高，骨架颗粒中抗风化能力较强的石英和长石等刚性矿物含量高，石英含量在30%~77%之间，平均为44.97%，长石含量在4%~52%之间，平均为31.61%；孔隙类型以粒间溶孔和颗粒溶孔为主，其次为残余粒间孔，少数为微裂缝，平均孔隙度为7.3%，平均渗透率为0.4×10^-3 μm²。储层成岩阶段处于中成岩A期，在白垩纪完成了致密化，较差的抗压实能力、碳酸盐胶结作用、伊/蒙混层、自生石英为储层致密化的主要原因；较高的石英和长石含量、早期油气充注保存了大量原生孔隙，中成岩期持续的溶蚀作用和破碎作用为次生孔隙发育的主要原因。
- 致密砂岩 /
- 储层特征 /
- 致密化 /
- 主控因素 /
- 延长组 /
- 旬宜地区 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地
Abstract: The seventh member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation (Chang 7 Member) in the Xunyi area of the Ordos Basin is a typical tight oil reservoir characterized by low porosity, low permeability, and strong heterogeneity. Elucidating the pore development characteristics and primary controlling factors of the reservoir is beneficial for tight oil exploration and development. Through thin-section analysis, physical property tests, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and mercury intrusion porosimetry, this study investigated the petrological characteristics, reservoir space, and diagenetic evolution of the tight oil reservoir, revealing its main controlling factors. The reservoir depth in Chang 7 Member of the Xunyi area of the Ordos Basin ranged from 500 to 1 250 m. The lithology was primarily composed of lithic arkose sandstone, followed by feldspar lithic sandstone, with the interstitial materials mainly consisting of calcite, dolomite, and mud. The sand bodies in the reservoir were thick, with high compositional maturity. Rigid minerals, such as quartz and feldspar, which are highly resistant to weathering, made up a large portion of the framework grains. The quartz content ranged from 30% to 77%, with an average of 44.97%, while the feldspar content ranged from 4% to 52%, with an average of 31.61%. The pore types were mostly intergranular dissolved pores and intragranular dissolved pores, followed by residual intergranular pores and a few microfractures. The average porosity was 7.3%, and the average permeability was 0.4×10^-3 μm². The reservoir is in the middle diagenetic stage A and has completed tight compaction during the Cretaceous. The primary factors contributing to reservoir densification included its poor resistance to compaction, carbonate cementation, illite/smectite mixed layers, and authigenic quartz. The quartz and feldspar content and early oil and gas charging preserved a significant quantity of primary pores. The ongoing dissolution and fragmentation during the middle diagenetic stage were the primary causes for the development of secondary pores.
- tight sandstone /
- reservoir characteristics /
- densification /
- main controlling factors /
- Yanchang Formation /
- Xunyi area /
- Ordos Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

王良军、李连生参与实验设计；岳欣欣、王延鹏完成实验操作；王良军、岳欣欣、李连生、王延鹏参与论文写作和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The study was designed by WANG Liangjun and LI Liansheng. The experimental operation was completed by YUE Xinxin and WANG Yanpeng. The manuscript was drafted and revised by WANG Liangjun, YUE Xinxin, LI Liansheng, and WANG Yanpeng. All authors have read the last version of the paper and consented to its submission.

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图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段沉积相(a)及延长组综合柱状图(b)

Figure 1. Sedimentary facies of 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Xunyi area, Ordos Basin (a) and comprehensive stratigraphic columns of Yanchang Formation (b)

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图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段碎屑岩储层岩石类型三角图

Figure 2. Ternary diagram of rock types in clastic reservoirs of 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

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图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段不同沉积类型储层孔隙度(a)、渗透率(b)与埋藏深度关系

Figure 3. Relationship between porosity (a), permeability (b), and burial depth of different sedimentary reservoir types of 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

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图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段孔隙度与渗透率交会图

Figure 4. Cross-plots of porosity and permeability of 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

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图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段碎屑岩储层孔隙类型

a.WB67井，1 177.44 m，长7³亚段，以残余粒间孔、粒间溶孔为主，铸体薄片，单偏光；b.WB4井，1 029.12 m，长7¹亚段，以粒间溶孔为主，其次为颗粒溶孔，铸体薄片，单偏光；c.WB36井，650.6 m，长7³亚段，以粒间溶孔为主，其次为残余粒间孔，铸体薄片，单偏光；d.WB56井，781.56 m，长7¹亚段，以粒间溶孔为主，其次为残余粒间孔，铸体薄片，单偏光；e.WB22井，1 157.38 m，长7¹亚段，以粒间溶孔、颗粒溶孔为主，铸体薄片，单偏光；f.WB22井，1 201.4 m，长7³亚段，以残余粒间孔为主，少数颗粒溶孔，铸体薄片，单偏光；g.WB22井，1 120.18 m，长7¹亚段，长石颗粒溶孔，扫描电镜；h.WB22井，1 199.75 m，长7³亚段，微裂缝特征，普通薄片，单偏光；i.WB4井，1 028.9 m，长7¹亚段，微裂缝特征，少数颗粒破碎，普通薄片，单偏光。

Figure 5. Pore types in clastic reservoirs of 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

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图 6 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段不同孔隙类型面孔率

Figure 6. Surface porosity of different pore types in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

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图 7 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段不同沉积类型储层压汞曲线

Figure 7. Mercury intrusion curves of different sedimentary reservoir types in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

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图 8 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段不同岩石类型长石、石英含量与物性关系

Figure 8. Relationship between feldspar and quartz contents and physical properties of different rock types in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

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图 9 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段碎屑岩储层粒间自生矿物及有机质特征

a.WB21井, 1 119.085 m, 长7¹亚段，粒间碳酸盐矿物两期充填，一期为普通方解石，发亮黄色光，二期为含铁方解石，发橘黄色光，阴极发光薄片；b.WB67井，1 178.075 m, 长7³亚段，粒间碳酸盐矿物两期充填，一期为含铁方解石，发橘黄色光，二期为铁方解石，发橘红色光，阴极发光薄片；c.WB22井，1 155.06 m, 长7¹亚段，自生石英充填粒间孔隙，扫描电镜；d.WB22井，1 122 m，长7¹亚段，绿泥石抑制自生石英生长，扫描电镜；e.WB4井，1 032.96 m, 长7¹亚段，伊/蒙混层在粒间充填，扫描电镜；f.WB5井，861.1 m, 长7²亚段，高岭石在粒间充填，扫描电镜；g.WB22井，1 201.4 m，长7²亚段，早期油气在粒间孔边缘形成保护膜，普通薄片，单偏光；h.WB4井，长7¹亚段，1 028.00 m，两期油质沥青，均分布在粒间，第一期发亮黄色光，第二期发蓝灰色光，荧光薄片；i.WB36井，长7³亚段，642.28 m，两期油质沥青，均分布在粒间，第一期发亮黄色光，第二期发蓝灰色光，荧光薄片。

Figure 9. Characteristics of intergranular authigenic minerals and organic matters in clastic reservoirs in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

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图 10 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段储层减孔评价

Figure 10. Porosity reduction evaluation of reservoirs in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

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图 11 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段储层致密化与油气成藏时间的关系

Figure 11. Relationship between reservoir densification and oil and gas accumulation timing in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

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表 1 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段碎屑岩储层压汞分析孔隙结构特征

Table 1. Mercury intrusion analysis of pore structure characteristics in clastic reservoirs of 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

岩石类型	沉积微相	平均孔隙度/%	平均渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	平均中值压力/MPa	平均孔喉半径/μm	平均最大进汞饱和度/%	样品数量
岩屑长石砂岩	砂质碎屑流	10.04	0.940	10.25	0.670	91.79	24
长石岩屑砂岩	浊积砂	6.45	0.050	35.77	0.031	79.35	25
长石岩屑砂岩	分流河道	7.20	0.016	28.50	0.052	75.56	12

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表 2 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段不同沉积类型砂岩孔隙度、渗透率与成分特征

Table 2. Characteristics of porosity, permeability, and composition of different sedimentary sandstone types in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

沉积微相	平均孔隙度/%	平均渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	矿物含量/%								样品数量
沉积微相	平均孔隙度/%	平均渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	石英	钾长石	斜长石	岩屑	云母	黏土	方解石	白云石	样品数量
砂质碎屑流	7.76	0.534	40.59	19.56	17.29	16.89	3.15	10.00	5.88	1.88	209
浊积砂	6.85	0.086	53.12	14.44	6.27	19.64	4.45	4.27	2.39	5.45	150
分流河道	5.81	0.085	41.86	11.57	4.14	34.47	4.36	4.07	4.79	4.93	15

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