Abstract: The philosophy and the art in guiding the search for mineral and nonmineral deposits are frontier desciplines of science which arise from the interaction among philosophy, geology and economy. For making the prediction of the formation of oil and gas deposits and determining the guiding principles of deployment in the reconnaissance and exploration of oil and gas, not only erudite geological knowledge and plentiful experiences obtained in the historical exploration of various types of known oil and gas fields, but also the ability of deep insight and rich imagination are needed for responsible scientists. He shouldn't academically be bound to sectarian bias, but should be apt to increasingly comprehend careully-chosen facts and results of new observations, by which new arguments may be formed, and apt to creatively propose new inferences which are more fittable for the working area. In such a process, scientific logical thinking and imaginative thinking should be combined together. In the ptracice of organizing prospecting and exploration works, much efforts should be given to minimizing investments and manpower needed, and to employing proper techniques of maximal efficiency in order to achieve the best results and the highest economic profits in the search for hydrcoarbon deposits.