Abstract: There are favorable condition for formation of non-anticlinal oil & gas pools in the Tarim Basin. The basin underwent superimposition of the Paleozoic cratonic basin and the Ceno-Mesozoic foreland basin, in which large scale of paleo-uplift and paleo-slope were developed. Because of several transgression and regression and large scale of structural movement of subsidance and uplift in its evolution history, various complicated paleo-structural and paleogeographic environments were developed. There are several unconformity surfaces in the basin. All of these proved conditions for formation of non-anticlinal oil and gas pools, which may indicate a bright future for hydrocarbon exploration in the basin.