四川盆地南江栖霞组白云岩岩石学、地球化学特征及成因

李小宁; 黄思静; 黄树光; 黄可可; 袁桃; 罗文

doi:10.11781/sysydz201602251

四川盆地南江栖霞组白云岩岩石学、地球化学特征及成因

doi: 10.11781/sysydz201602251

成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程重点实验室, 成都 610059

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41272130,41172099)和"中央财政支持地方高校发展专项资金"联合资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
李小宁(1986-),女,博士研究生,从事沉积地球化学研究。E-mail:l-x-n@139.com。

通讯作者:
黄思静(1949-),男,博士生导师,从事沉积学的教学与科研工作。E-mail:hsj@cdut.edu.cn。

中图分类号: TE122.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 1048
- HTML全文浏览量: 121
- PDF下载量: 1374
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-07-17
- 修回日期: 2016-01-25
- 刊出日期: 2016-03-28

Petrologic and geochemical characteristics and the origin of dolomites in the Qixia Formation in Nanjiang county of the Sichuan Basin

State Key Laboratory of Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China

摘要

摘要: 四川盆地南江桥亭剖面中二叠统栖霞组二段灰岩局部白云岩化,基质白云岩主要由非平直晶面他形晶白云石构成,孔洞缝中充填鞍形白云石和结晶方解石,溶解作用主要发生在白云石中。在岩石学研究基础上,综合运用碳氧同位素、元素、包裹体均一化温度、阴极发光测试手段,结合埋藏史、热史以及峨眉山玄武岩喷发非正常地热增温事件,研究了基质白云石和鞍形白云石的特征和成因。研究表明:基质白云石、鞍形白云石和结晶方解石的包裹体均一化温度分别为100~110,130~230,130~230℃;富含基质白云石、鞍形白云石和结晶方解石样品的δ¹⁸O_PDB值分别为-4.27‰~-6.28‰,-4.87‰~-5.80‰,-5.16‰~-6.50‰,δ¹³C_PDB值分别为3.97‰~5.22‰,4.88‰~5.35‰,2.73‰~4.29‰;与基质白云岩相比较,鞍形白云石和结晶方解石的δ¹⁸O值略负,并显示三者碳源为同时期海水。反演的基质白云岩形成流体的δ¹⁸O_SMOW值分布在3‰~6‰之间,鞍形白云石δ¹⁸O_SMOW主要分布在7‰~14‰之间,盐度均显著高于同期海水,因而两者都是在高温和高盐度的流体中形成的。三者都受到了峨眉山玄武岩喷发活动所引起的热事件影响,高温和高盐度克服了白云石沉淀的动力学屏障,形成交代灰岩的基质白云岩和孔洞缝中充填的鞍形白云石,流体的持续高温和Mg²⁺的消耗,导致了高温方解石的沉淀,显示热液对碳酸盐岩的改造作用。
- 鞍形白云石 /
- 基质白云岩 /
- 峨眉山玄武岩 /
- 碳酸盐岩的热液改造 /
- 栖霞组 /
- 南江桥亭 /
- 四川盆地
Abstract: Limestones are locally dolomitized in the 2nd member of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation of Qiaoting section, located in Nanjiang county of the Sichuan Basin. Matrix dolomites primarily consist of non-planar xenotopic dolomite crystals, and vugs and fractures are filled with saddle dolomites and crystalline calcites. Dissolution occurs mainly in dolomites. Characteristics and origin of matrix dolomites and saddle dolomites have been determined based on petrographic examinations, integration of carbon and oxygen stable isotopes, trace element content, fluid inclusion data, cathodoluminescence images, burial and thermal maturation history and abnormal thermal events associated with the Emeishan basalt eruption. The research showed that the fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures of matrix dolomites, saddle dolomites and crystalline calcites range 100~110℃, 130~230℃ and 130~230℃, respectively. The δ¹⁸O values of the samples which mainly consist of matrix dolomites, saddle dolomites and crystalline calcites range -4.27‰~-6.28‰, -4.87‰~-5.80‰ and -5.16‰~-6.50‰, respectively. Saddle dolomites and crystalline calcites have the characteristics of more negative δ¹⁸O values than matrix dolomites. The δ¹³C values of the samples which mainly consist of matrix dolomites, saddle dolomites and crystalline calcites range 3.97‰~5.22‰, 4.88‰~5.35‰ and 2.73‰~4.29‰, respectively, indicating that the carbon source is generally from the coeval seawater. The δ¹⁸O values of dolomitizing fluids for matrix dolomite and saddle dolomite range +3‰~+6‰ (SMOW) and +7‰~+14‰ (SMOW), respectively. This is consistent with the formation of matrix and saddle dolomites in fluids with elevated salinity and temperature. Matrix dolomites, saddle dolomites and crystalline calcites were influenced by thermal events caused by Emeishan basalt eruption activity. The kinetic barrier of dolomite precipitation was overcome by high salinity and temperature, and it allowed the transformation of limestones into replacive matrix dolomites and precipitate saddle dolomites in vugs and fractures. Due to lasting high temperature and Mg²⁺ loss, calcites with high temperature precipitated, which showed that hydrothermal fluids altered the carbonate rocks.
- saddle dolomite /
- matrix dolomite /
- Emeishan basalt /
- hydrothermal alteration of carbonates rock /
- Qixia Formation /
- Qiaoting section in Nanjiang county /
- Sichuan Basin

HTML全文

参考文献(44)

[1]	Smith Jr L B.Origin and reservoir characteristics of Upper Ordovician Trenton-Black River hydrothermal dolomite reservoirs in New York[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1691-1718.
[2]	Luczaj J A,Harrison III W B,Williams N S.Fractured hydrothermal dolomite reservoirs in the Devonian Dundee Formation of the central Michigan Basin[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1787-1801.
[3]	Luczaj J A.Evidence against the Dorag (mixing-zone) model for dolomitization along the Wisconsin arch:A case for hydrothermal diagenesis[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1719-1738.
[4]	Lonnee J,Machel H G.Pervasive dolomitization with subsequent hydrothermal alteration in the Clarke Lake Gas Field,Middle Devonian Slave Point Formation,British Columbia,Canada[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1739-1761.
[5]	Boreen T,Colquhoun K.Ladyfern,NEBC:Major gas discovery in the Devonian Slave Point Formation[C]//Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists.Calgary:CSPG Special Publications,2001,112:1-5.
[6]	Boreen T,Davies G R.Hydrothermal dolomite and leached limestones in a TCF gas play:The Ladyfern Slave Point reservoir,NEBC[C]//McAuley R.Dolomites-The spectrum:Mechanisms,models,reservoir development.Calgary:Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Seminar and Core Conference,2004:13-15.
[7]	Packard J J,Al-Aasm I,Samson I,et al.A Devonian hydrothermal chert reservoir:The 225 bcf Parkland field,British Columbia,Canada[J].AAPG Bulletin,2001,85(1):51-84.
[8]	Davies G R,Smith Jr L B.Structurally controlled hydrothermal dolomite reservoir facies:An overview[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1641-1690.
[9]	Wierzbicki R,Dravis J J,Al-Aasm I,et al.Burial dolomitization and dissolution of Upper Jurassic Abenaki platform carbonates,Deep Panuke reservoir,Nova Scotia,Canada[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1843-1861.
[10]	Dong S F,Chen D Z,Qing H R,et al.In situ stable isotopic constraints on dolomitizing fluids for the hydrothermally-originated saddle dolomites at Keping,Tarim Basin[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2013,58(23):2877-2882.
[11]	Ji C W,Qing H R,Chen D Z,et al.Characteristics and dolomitization of Upper Cambrian to Lower Ordovician dolomite from outcrop in Keping Uplift,western Tarim Basin,Northwest China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica:English Edition,2013,87(4):1005-1018.
[12]	Davies G R,Smith Jr L B.Structurally controlled hydrothermal dolomite reservoir facies:An overview:Reply[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(9):1342-1344.
[13]	Cantrell D L,Swart P K,Hagerty R M.Genesis and characterization of dolomite,Arab-D reservoir,Ghawarfield,Saudi Arabia[J].GeoArabia,2004,9(2):11-36.
[14]	Sudrie M,Caline B,Lopez-Horgue M A,et al.Fault-related hydrothermal dolomites in Cretaceous platform carbonates from the Karrantza area (north Spain):Outcrop analogues for dolomite reservoir characterization[C]//7th Middle East Geosciences Conference and Exhibition.Manama:[s.n.],2006:27-29.
[15]	Friedman G M,Radke B M.Evidence for sabkha overprint and conditions for intermittent emergence in Cambrian-Ordovician carbonates of northeastern North America and Queensland, Australia[J].Northeastern Geology,1979,1(2):18-42.
[16]	Qing H R.Petrography and geochemistry of early-stage,fine-and medium-crystalline dolomites in the Middle Devonian Presqu'ile Barrier at Pine Point,Canada[J].Sedimentology,1998,45(2):433-446.
[17]	卿海若,陈代钊.非热液成因的鞍形白云石:来自加拿大萨斯喀彻温省东南部奥陶系Yeoman组的岩石学和地球化学证据[J].沉积学报,2010,28(5):980-986. Qing Hairuo,Chen Daizhao.Non-hydrothermal saddle dolomite:Petrological and geochemical evidence from the Ordovician Yeoman Formation Southeastern Saskatchewan,Canada[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(5):980-986.
[18]	陈明启.川西南下二叠阳新统白云岩成因探讨[J].沉积学报,1989,7(2):45-49. Chen Mingqi.A discussion of the origin of Yangxin dolomite of Lower Permian in Southwest Sichuan[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1989,7(2):45-49.
[19]	宋文海.四川盆地二叠系白云岩的分布及天然气勘探[J].天然气工业,1985,5(4):22-23,16. Song Wenhai.Distribution of Permian dolomite and natural gas exploration in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,1985,5(4):22-23,16.
[20]	王运生,金以钟.四川盆地下二叠统白云岩及古岩溶的形成与峨眉地裂运动的关系[J].成都理工学院学报,1997,24(1):8-16. Wang Yunsheng,Jin Yizhong.The formation of dolomite and pa-leokarst of the Lower Permian series in Sichuan Basin and the relation to the Emei Taphrogenesis[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,1997,24(1):8-16.
[21]	何幼斌,冯增昭.四川盆地及其周缘下二叠统细-粗晶自云岩成因探讨[J].江汉石油学院学报,1996,18(4):15-20. He Youbin,Feng Zengzhao.Orgin of fine-to coarse-grained dolostones of Lower Permian in Sichuan Basin and its peripheral regions[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,1996,18(4):15-20.
[22]	金振奎,冯增昭.滇东-川西下二叠统白云岩的形成机理:玄武岩淋滤白云化[J].沉积学报,1999,17(3):383-389. Jin Zhenkui,Feng Zengzhao.Origin of dolomite of the Lower Permian in East Yunan-West Sichuan:Dolomitization through leaching of basalts[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1999,17(3):383-389.
[23]	陈轩,赵文智,刘银河,等.川西南地区中二叠统热液白云岩特征及勘探思路[J].石油学报,2013,34(1):460-466. Chen Xuan,Zhao Wenzhi,Liu Yinhe,et al.Characteristics and exploration strategy of the Middle Permian hydrothermal dolomite in southwestern Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(1):460-466.
[24]	李茂竹,王玉英.四川华蓥山中段下二叠统灰岩中"砂糖状"白云岩特征及其白云化作用的讨论[J].川煤地勘,1991,2(9):45-48. Li Maozhu,Wang Yuying.Characteristics of saccharoidal dolomite and its genesis in Lower Permian,Huayinshan area of Sichuan Basin[J].Coal Geology of Sichuan,1991,2(9):45-48.
[25]	黄思静,李小宁,黄可可,等.四川盆地西部栖霞组热液白云岩中的自生非碳酸盐矿物[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2012,39(4):343-352. Huang Sijing,Li Xiaoning,Huang Keke,et al.Authigenic noncarbonate minerals in hydrothermal dolomite of Middle Permian Qixia Formation in the west of Sichuan Basin,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science & Technology Edition,2012,39(4):343-352.
[26]	黄思静,兰叶芳,黄可可,等.四川盆地西部中二叠统栖霞组晶洞充填物特征与热液活动记录[J].岩石学报,2014,30(3):687-698. Huang Sijing,Lan Yefang,Huang Keke,et al.Vug fillings and records of hydrothermal activity in the Middle Permian Qixia Formation,western Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2014,30(3):687-698.
[27]	刘和甫,李景明,李晓清,等.中国克拉通盆地演化与碳酸盐岩-蒸发岩层序油气系统[J].现代地质,2006,20(1):1-18. Liu Hepu,Li Jingming,Li Xiaoqing,et al.Evolution of cratonic basins and carbonate-evaporite sedimentary sequence hydrocarbon systems in China[J].Geoscinece,2006,20(1):1-18.
[28]	李国辉,李翔,宋蜀筠,等.四川盆地二叠系三分及其意义[J].天然气勘探与开发,2005,28(3):20-25. Li Guohui,Li Xiang,Song Shujun,et al.Dividing Permian into 3 series and its significance in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration & Development,2005,28(3):20-25.
[29]	赵俊兴,李凤杰,刘琪,等.四川盆地东北部二叠系沉积相及其演化分析[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(4):444-451. Zhao Junxing,Li Fengjie,Liu Qi,et al.Analysis on Permian se-dimentary facies and its lithofacies palaeogeographic evolution,Northeast Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(4):444-451.
[30]	张廷山,陈晓慧,刘治成,等.峨眉地幔柱构造对四川盆地栖霞期沉积格局的影响[J].地质学报,2011,85(8):1251-1264. Zhang Tingshan,Chen Xiaohui,Liu Zhicheng,et al.Effect of Emei-shan mantle plume over the sedimentary pattern of Mid-Permian Qixia Period in Sichuan basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2011,85(8):1251-1264.
[31]	徐义刚,钟孙霖.峨眉山大火成岩省:地幔柱活动的证据及其熔融条件[J].地球化学,2001,30(1):1-9. Xu Yigang,Zhong Sunlin.The Emeishan large igneous province:Evidence for mantle plum activity and melting condition[J].Geochimica,2001,30(1):1-9.
[32]	张茜,董云鹏,杨晨,等.米仓山隆升时代的沉积学制约[J].西北地质,2010,43(3):12-19. Zhang Qian,Dong Yunpeng,Yang Chen,et al.Sedimentological restriction during the Uplift Period in Micangshan[J].Northwestern Geology,43(3):12-19.
[33]	徐世琦,周建文,曾庆,等.龙门山北段二叠系栖霞组二段白云岩储层特征[J].天然气工业,2005,25(增刊A):59-61. Xu Shiqi,Zhou Jianwen,Zeng Qing,et al.Dolostone reservoir cha-racteristics of P₁q² in the north section of Longmen Mountains[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(SA):59-61.
[34]	Machel H G.Concepts and models of dolomitization:A critical reappraisal[C]//Braithwaite C J R,Rizzi G,Darke G.The geometry and petrogenesis of dolomite hydrocarbon reservoirs.London:Geological Society,2004:7-63.
[35]	Warren J.Dolomite:Occurrence,evolution and economically important associations[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2000,52(1/3):1-81.
[36]	Friedman G M,Sanders J E,Kopaska-merkel D C.Principles of sedimentary deposits:Stratigraphy and sedimentology[M].New York:Macmillan Publishing Company,1992:715-717.
[37]	宋谢炎,侯增谦,汪云亮,等.峨眉山玄武岩的地幔热柱成因[J].矿物岩石,2002,22(4):27-32. Song Xieyan,Hou Zengqian,Wang Yunliang,et al.The mantle plume features of Emeishan basalts[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,2002,22(4):27-32.
[38]	Ali J R,Fitton J G,Herzberg C.Emeishan large igneous province (SW China) and the mantle-plume up-doming hypothesis[J].Journal of the Geological Society,2010,167(5):953-959.
[39]	朱传庆,徐明,袁玉松,等.峨眉山玄武岩喷发在四川盆地的地热学响应[J].科学通报,2010,55(6):474-482. Zhu Chuanqing,Xu Ming,Yuan Yusong,et al.Palaeogeothermal response and record of the effusing of Emeishan basalts in the Sichuan Basin[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2010,55(10):949-956.
[40]	沈传波,梅廉夫,郭彤楼.川东北地区中、新生代热历史的裂变径迹分析[J].天然气工业,2007,27(7):24-26. Shen Chuanbo,Mei Lianfu,Guo Tonglou.Fission track analysis of Mesozoic-Cenozoic thermal history in Northeast Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(7):24-26.
[41]	吴群,彭金宁.川东北地区埋藏史及热史分析:以普光2井为例[J].石油实验地质,2013,35(2):133-138. Wu Qun,Peng Jinning.Burial and thermal histories of northeastern Sichuan Basin:A case study of well Puguang 2[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2013,35(2):133-138.
[42]	江青春,胡素云,汪泽成,等.四川盆地中二叠统中-粗晶白云岩成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(4):503-510. Jiang Qingchun,Hu Suyun,Wang Zecheng,et al.Genesis of medium-macro-crystalline dolomite in the Middle Permian of Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2014,35(4):503-510.
[43]	黄思静.上扬子地台区晚古生代海相碳酸盐岩的碳、锶同位素研究[J].地质学报,1997,71(1):45-53. Huang Sijing.A study on carbon and strontium isotopes of late Paleozoic carbonate rocks in the Upper Yangtze Platform[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1997,71(1):45-53.
[44]	Veizer J,Ala D,Azmy K,et al.⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr,δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O evolution of Phanerozoic seawater[J].Chemical Geology,1999,161(1):59-88.