柴达木盆地上新世狮子沟期古气候演化与层序地层

李清山; 郭少斌; 侯泽生; 王波

doi:10.11781/sysydz202001028

柴达木盆地上新世狮子沟期古气候演化与层序地层

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202001028

1.
中国地质大学(北京) 能源学院, 北京 100083
2.
中国石油青海油田勘探开发研究院, 甘肃敦煌 736202

基金项目:

国家科技重大专项"大型油气田及煤层气开发" 2011ZX05003-006

详细信息

作者简介:
李清山(1984-), 男, 博士研究生, 从事层序地层学和油气资源评价研究。E-mail: lycqs@126.com

通讯作者:
郭少斌(1962-), 男, 教授, 博士生导师, 从事层序地层学、储层评价和油气资源评价研究。E-mail: guosb58@126.com

中图分类号: TE121.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-02-09
- 修回日期: 2019-11-08
- 刊出日期: 2020-01-28

Palaeoclimate evolution and sequence stratigraphy during Pliocene Shizigou stage, Qaidam Basin

1.
School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2.
Exploration and Development Research Institute of Qinghai Oilfield, PetroChina, Dunhuang, Gansu 736202, China

摘要

摘要: 柴达木盆地是中国西部青藏高原内部的一个大型中、新生代压扭性沉积盆地，印支运动以来一直处于沉降发展阶段，期间形成了总量达30 000×10⁸ m³的天然气资源。上新世狮子沟组沉积时期古气候演化过程不仅控制了盆地内部层序地层的发育和演化过程，也是世界最大生物气资源形成的重要控制因素之一。以柴达木盆地全井取心最长的气钾1井为重点，利用地球化学方法进行氯离子含量、微量元素、总有机碳含量测定，综合岩心、测井及古生物资料，结合层序地层特征，对盆地狮子沟组沉积时期古气候演化过程进行重建。气钾1井Sr/Ba、Sr/Ca比值与氯离子含量呈正相关，Sr/Ba、Sr/Ca比值随盐度增加而增大，在干旱环境中呈高值；Rb/Sr比值、总有机碳含量与氯离子含量呈负相关，Rb/Sr比值、总有机碳含量随盐度增加而减少，在干旱环境中呈低值，为柴达木盆地古气候演化精细研究提供了依据。柴达木盆地上新世狮子沟组沉积期古气候整体经历了干旱-湿润-干旱的演化过程，湖盆水体呈微咸水，结合层序地层特征，内部首次划分出5个次级气候旋回。古气候演化过程中呈现的旋回性与层序地层演化基本一致，表明前者对后者具有明显的控制作用。
- 地球化学 /
- 古气候演化 /
- 层序地层 /
- 狮子沟组 /
- 上新统 /
- 柴达木盆地
Abstract: The Qaidam Basin is a large transpressional Mesozoic to Cenozoic basin in the Tibet Plateau, West China. Since the Indosinian Movement, it has been in the subsidence stage and more than 3 trillion cubic meters of natural gas accumulated at the same time. The palaeoclimate evolution during the Pliocene Shizigou stage not only controlled sequence stratigraphy development and evolution, but also worked as a key restraining factor for the largest biogas resource in the world. A case study was made in the well Qijia 1, which is the longest cored well in the Qaidam Basin. The palaeoclimate evolution during the Shizigou stage was reconstructed by using geochemistry methods, including the contents of chloride ion, trace elements and TOC, combined with core data, well logging, paleontology data and sequence stratigraphy. The contents of Sr/Ba and Sr/Ca have a positive correlation with chloride ion, which means that the values of Sr/Ba and Sr/Ca are high in an arid environment. But the contents of Rb/Sr and TOC have a negative correlation with chloride ion, which means that the values of Rb/Sr and TOC are low in an arid environment. The palaeoclimate during the Shizigou stage came through an arid-humid-arid evolution and the water body is brackish water. Based on sequence stratigraphy, five sub-palaeoclimate cycles were recognized for the first time. The palaeoclimate evolution and sequence evolution have the same cyclicity, which shows the controlling function of palaeoclimate.
- geochemistry /
- palaeoclimate evolution /
- sequence stratigraphy /
- Shizigou Formation /
- Pliocene /
- Qaidam Basin

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图 1 柴达木盆地构造单元及气钾1井位置

Figure 1. Tectonic units and location of well Qijia 1, Qaidam Basin

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图 2 柴达木盆地三湖坳陷气钾1井狮子沟组Sr/Ba、Sr/Ca、Rb/Sr比值、总有机碳与氯离子含量的相关关系

Figure 2. Correlation between Sr/Ba, Sr/Ca, Rb/Sr, TOC and chloride ion contents in Shizigou Formation, well Qijia 1, Sanhu Depression, Qaidam Basin

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图 3 柴达木盆地古气候波动与层序发育模式

Figure 3. Palaeoclimate change and sequence stratigraphy in Qaidam Basin

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图 4 基准面旋回特征与气候演化对应关系

Figure 4. Relationship between base-level cycle and palaeoclimate evolution

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图 5 柴达木盆地三湖坳陷气钾1井狮子沟组氯离子含量及旋回性特征

Figure 5. Chloride ion content and cyclicity character in Shizigou Formation, well Qijia 1, Sanhu Depression, Qaidam Basin

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图 6 柴达木盆地三湖坳陷气钾1井狮子沟组微量元素含量与层序地层划分

Figure 6. Contents of trace elements and sequence stratigraphy in Shizigou Formation, well Qijia 1, Sanhu Depression, Qaidam Basin

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