羌塘盆地北羌塘坳陷上三叠统巴贡组致密储层成岩作用与孔隙演化

程乐利; 印森林; 万友利; 王剑; 冯兴雷; 李学仁; 曾胜强

doi:10.11781/sysydz202001060

羌塘盆地北羌塘坳陷上三叠统巴贡组致密储层成岩作用与孔隙演化

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202001060

程乐利^{1, 2, 3,},
印森林^1, ,,
万友利^{2, 3},
王剑^{2, 3, 4},
冯兴雷^{2, 3},
李学仁^{2, 3},
曾胜强^{2, 3}

1.
长江大学录井技术与工程研究院, 湖北荆州 434023
2.
中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心, 成都 610081
3.
自然资源部沉积盆地与油气资源重点实验室, 成都 610081
4.
西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院, 成都 610500

基金项目:

中国地质调查局项目 121201010000161110

国家青年科学基金项目 41702119

详细信息

作者简介:
程乐利(1987-), 男, 博士, 讲师, 从事储层地质及录井地质研究。E-mail: chengleli@yangtzeu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
印森林(1983-), 男, 博士, 副教授, 从事油气田开发地质与录井地质研究。E-mail: yinxiang_love@qq.com

中图分类号: TE122.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-08-29
- 修回日期: 2019-11-28
- 刊出日期: 2020-01-28

Diagenesis and pore evolution of tight sandstone reservoirs in Upper Triassic Bagong Formation, North Qiangtang Depression, Qiangtang Basin

CHENG Leli^{1, 2, 3
,},
YIN Senlin^{1
, ,},
WAN Youli^{2, 3},
WANG Jian^{2, 3, 4},
FENG Xinglei^{2, 3},
LI Xueren^{2, 3},
ZENG Shengqiang^{2, 3}

1.
Institute of Mud Logging Technology and Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
2.
Chengdu Geological Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Chengdu, Sichuan 610081, China
3.
Key Laboratory for Sedimentary Basin and Petroleum Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu, Sichuan 610081, China
4.
School of Geosciences and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China

摘要

摘要: 利用物性、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X衍射及流体包裹体测温等测试分析手段，研究了羌塘盆地北羌塘坳陷上三叠统巴贡组储层的成岩作用特征和孔隙演化过程。巴贡组砂岩总体成分成熟度和结构成熟度中等偏低，物性极为致密。主要经历了压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用和交代作用，其中胶结物组分主要为硅质、黏土矿物和碳酸盐矿物，溶蚀组分为长石。根据多方面综合分析，巴贡组地层在靠近隆起带的浅埋区处于中成岩B期，坳陷内部的深埋区处于晚成岩阶段。在考虑岩石表观体积变化和压实分段的前提下，进行了不同成岩相的孔隙演化定量计算。压实作用是储层孔隙度减小的首要原因，其次为胶结作用；溶蚀作用和绿泥石衬里的形成对储层有利。
- 致密砂岩 /
- 成岩作用 /
- 孔隙演化 /
- 巴贡组 /
- 上三叠统 /
- 北羌塘坳陷 /
- 羌塘盆地
Abstract: The diagenesis and pore evolution process of tight sandstone reservoirs in the Upper Triassic Bagong Formation of the North Qiangtang Depression were studied by means of physical properties, casting thin slice, SEM, X-ray-diffraction and fluid inclusion temperature measurement. The compositional maturity and structural maturity of the Bagong sandstones are moderately low. Their physical properties are extremely tight. The main diagenetic effects include compaction, cementation, dissolution and metasomatism. The cement components are mainly siliceous, clay minerals and carbonate minerals, and the dissolution component is feldspar. According to the comprehensive analysis of various characteristics, the shallow buried area near the uplift is in the middle diagenesis stage B, and the deep buried area inside the depression is in the late diagenetic stage. Under the premise of considering the apparent volume change and compaction of rock, a quantitative calculation of pore evolution of different diagenetic facies is carried out. The calculation results show that compaction is the primary cause of reservoir porosity reduction, followed by cementation, while dissolution and the formation of chlorite lining are beneficial to reservoir porosity.
- tight sandstone /
- diagenesis /
- pore evolution /
- Bagong Formation /
- Upper Triassic /
- North Qiangtang Depression /
- Qiangtang Basin

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图 1 羌塘盆地构造分区及实测剖面位置

Figure 1. Tectonic subdivisions of Qiangtang Basin and location of measured sections

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图 2 羌塘盆地北羌塘坳陷上三叠统巴贡组砂岩物性分布

Figure 2. Physical properties of sandstones in Upper Triassic Bagong Formation, North Qiangtang Depression, Qiangtang Basin

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图 3 羌塘盆地北羌塘坳陷巴贡组砂岩显微特征

a.颗粒紧密排列，呈线—凹凸接触，×100，(+)，沃若山；b.云母颗粒被压断，×200，(+)，扎那陇巴；c.石英次生加大发育，颗粒边缘见“脏线”，×200，(+)，才多茶卡；d.自生石英晶形完好，与高岭石共生，见剩余粒间孔，才多茶卡；e.自生片状伊利石充填粒间，沃若山；f.颗粒被高岭石完全交代，扎那陇巴；g.颗粒紧密接触，粒间发育伊利石膜，沃若山；h.粒间充填绿泥石衬里，压实作用强烈，粒间孔隙消失，沃若山；i.早期碳酸盐基底式胶结，云母颗粒未变形，压实较弱，×100，(+)，沃若山Mi. 云母；Oq. 石英次生加大；Q. 石英；Ka. 高岭石；Il. 伊利石；Chl. 绿泥石边

Figure 3. Microphotographs showing microscopic characteristics of sandstones in Bagong Formation, North Qiangtang Depression, Qiangtang Basin

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图 4 羌塘盆地北羌塘坳陷巴贡组成岩—孔隙演化史

Figure 4. Diagenesis and porosity evolution histories of Bagong Formation, North Qiangtang Depression, Qiangtang Basin

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表 1 羌塘盆地北羌塘坳陷上三叠统巴贡组储层成岩相类型及特征

Table 1. Diagenetic facies types and characteristics of Bagong Formation, North Qiangtang Depression, Qiangtang Basin

成岩相	主要岩性	颗粒主要接触关系	碳酸盐胶结物含量/%	绿泥石胶结物含量/%	面孔率/%		常规物性
成岩相	主要岩性	颗粒主要接触关系	碳酸盐胶结物含量/%	绿泥石胶结物含量/%	原生孔隙	次生孔隙	孔隙度/%	渗透率/10^-3 μm²
强溶蚀相	长石石英砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩	点—线	$\frac{1 \sim 4.3}{2.1} $	0	$\frac{0.2 \sim 2}{0.80} $	$\frac{2 \sim 7}{3.8} $	$ \frac{5.81 \sim 14.38}{7.19} $	$\frac{0.003 \sim 0.631}{0.096} $
绿泥石胶结相	岩屑砂岩、岩屑石英砂岩	点—线	$\frac{0 \sim 3.2}{2.1} $	$ \frac{1.5 \sim 4.32}{2.5} $	$ \frac{0 \sim 1}{0.20}$	$\frac{1 \sim 4}{2.6} $	$\frac{2.24 \sim 9.8}{5.51} $	$ \frac{0.002 \sim 0.175}{0.038} $
碳酸盐胶结相	岩屑石英砂岩	点—线	$ \frac{5 \sim 20.4}{13.2}$	0	$\frac{0 \sim 0.5}{0.20} $	$ \frac{1 \sim 5}{2.3}$	$ \frac{2.34 \sim 6.58}{4.26} $	$\frac{0.001 \sim 0.082}{0.014} $
强压实相	岩屑砂岩、长石岩屑砂岩	线—凹凸	$ \frac{0.1 \sim 2.4}{0.34} $	$\frac{0 \sim 0.18}{0} $	$ \frac{0 \sim 0.1}{0}$	$\frac{0 \sim 2.3}{1.4} $	$\frac{1.12 \sim 4.82}{2.91} $	$ \frac{0.001 \sim 0.049}{0.006}$
注：表中分式的意义为：最小值~最大值均值。

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表 2 根据不同成岩相计算的北羌塘坳陷上三叠统巴贡组储层砂岩孔隙度变量

Table 2. Sandstone porosity variables of Bagong Formation reservoirs in North Qiangtang Depression, calculated according to different diagenetic facies

成岩相类型	早成岩A期		早成岩B期		中成岩A₁期		中成岩A₂—B期		实测孔隙度/%
成岩相类型	胶结作用减孔量/%	压实作用减孔量/%	胶结作用减孔量/%	压实作用减孔量/%	溶蚀作用增孔量/%	压实作用减孔量/%	胶结作用减孔量/%	压实作用减孔量/%	实测孔隙度/%
强溶蚀相	1.74	10.23	6.15	3.07	4.33	8.44	4.98	5.37	7.19
绿泥石胶结相	4.10	10.41	3.56	3.12	3.09	8.58	4.70	5.47	5.51
碳酸盐胶结相	2.17	8.53	2.32	2.56	2.38	7.04	13.23	4.48	4.26
强压实相	1.20	11.55	2.79	3.46	1.63	9.53	4.76	6.07	2.91

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