Petroleum accumulation system evaluation of carbonate oil and gas: a case study of Cambrian in Tarim Basin
-
摘要: 以成藏体系理论为基础，参考前人区带评价参数标准，针对塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩层系，分别从烃源体、圈闭体、输导体和体系的有效保存性出发，建立了碳酸盐岩地质评价参数标准体系。该区纵向上以一套具有类似地质背景的圈闭体为核心，和其相关联的烃源体和输导体共同组成一个完整的成藏体系。在参数体系中，提出了输导体的3个评价参数：输导层类型、供烃方式和运移距离的评价标准。利用统计学方法，考虑运移距离和成藏几率的关系，指出油气运移距离评价参数分为小于10 km、10~50 km、50~100 km和大于100 km。针对塔里木盆地寒武系膏盐岩下碳酸盐岩地层，采用同时考虑油气聚集单元和盆地构造单元的双要素子体系划分方法，以及考虑地质参数的不确定性开展评价。塔北隆起东侧盖层覆盖区和塔中隆起北侧为1类地区；顺托果勒低隆区、塔西南地区、塔中隆起南侧、巴楚隆起北侧、塔北隆起西侧为2类地区。Abstract: An evaluation of carbonate oil and gas was carried out based on the petroleum accumulation system theory of a superimposed basin. Considering the evaluation parameters of previous achievements, the hydrocarbon resource, plays, pathway systems and the preservation of the petroleum system were analyzed for carbonate beds in the Tarim Basin. A new evaluation standard was prepared. In this standard, the plays which go through the same tectonic evolution process, and the hydrocarbon resource and pathway system, which provide hydrocarbon for the play, comprise one petroleum accumulation system. In the evaluation of pathways, three parameters, type of migration pathway, hydrocarbon supply mode, and migration distance are chosen. The statistics of migration distance and reservoir numbers showed that migration distance can be divided into four sections, < 10 km, 10-50 km, 50-100 km, > 100 km. Oil and gas accumulation units and basin structural units were both used to divide the oil and gas area, and the uncertainty of geological parameters was also taken into account. The evaluation of the carbonate oil and gas in the Tarim Basin was carried out. The east of the Tabei uplift and the north of the Tazhong uplift belong to class 1, while the Shuntuoguole low uplift, Southwest Depression, south of Tazhong uplift, north of Bachu uplift, west of Tabei uplift belong to class 2.
-
图 2 油气运移距离与成藏几率统计关系
Figure 2. Relationship between migration distance and oil reservoir numbers
图 3 塔里木盆地古生界纵向成藏体系划分
Figure 3. Vertical division of Paleozoic petroleum accumulation system, Tarim Basin
图 5 塔里木盆地寒武系区带评价
Figure 5. Evaluation of a carbonate play in the Cambrian in Tarim Basin
表 1 海相油气区带评价参数体系与取值标准
Table 1. Evaluation parameters of marine beds and their data standard
区带要素 地质参数 分值 名称 权系数 1~0.75 0.75~0.5 0.5~0.25 0.25~0 烃源岩 TOC/% 0.4 >3.0 2.0~1.0 1.0~0.4 Ro/% 0.3 >2.0 2.0~1.0 1.0~0.5 < 0.5 生烃高峰时间 0.3 第三纪 白垩纪 三叠纪 古生代 生烃强度/(108 t·km-2) 0.1 >1 000 1 000~500 500~200 < 200 盖层 盖层岩性 0.2 膏盐岩、泥膏岩 厚层泥岩 泥岩 砂质泥岩 直接盖层厚度/m 0.1 >200 200~100 100~20 < 20 断裂破坏程度 0.1 无破坏 破坏轻微 破坏中等 破坏强烈 优势孔隙 0.1 < 50 100~50 350~100 >350 突破压力/MPa 0.2 < 150 150~100 100~50 >50 源盖匹配 0.3 好 中 差 不匹配 储层 孔隙度/% 0.3 >12 10~6 6~2 < 2 储集类型 0.15 风化壳岩型 礁滩孔隙型 孔隙—裂缝 裂缝型 裂缝发育程度 0.1 发育 较发育 一般 不发育 储层厚度/m 0.1 >100 100~70 70~20 < 20 储层岩性 0.1 白云岩、礁滩相灰岩 介壳灰岩、粒屑灰岩 粉晶灰岩 泥晶灰岩 沉积相 0.2 台地边缘 台地相 盆地相 古地貌特征 0.2 高 中 低 极低 圈闭 构造位置 0.2 古隆起 斜坡 枢纽 类型 0.3 构造不整合 构造 生物礁 构造—岩性 生储盖配置 0.5 自生自储 下生上储 上生下储 异地生储 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 基于成藏体系的评价参数体系与取值标准
Table 2. Evaluation parameters of marine beds and their data standard based on petroleum accumulation system
区带要素 地质参数 分值 名称 权系数 1~0.75 0.75~0.5 0.5~0.25 0.25~0 烃源体 TOC/% 0.4 >3.0 3.0~2.0 2.0~1.0 1.0~0.4 Ro/% 0.3 >2.0 2.0~1.0 1.0~0.5 < 0.5 生烃高峰时间 0.3 第三纪 白垩纪 三叠纪 古生代 生烃强度/(108 t·km-2) 0.01 >1 000 1 000~500 500~200 < 200 输导体 输导层 0.4 断裂+不整合 断裂 不整合 储层 供烃方式 0.3 汇聚流 平行流 发散流 单线流 运移距离/km 0.3 < 10 10~50 50~100 >100 圈闭体 类型 0.1 背斜 断背斜 地层 岩性 孔隙度/% 0.2 >12 10~6 6~2 < 2 渗透率/10-3 μm2 0.2 >600 600~100 100~10 < 10 裂缝发育程度 0.2 发育 较发育 一般 不发育 储层厚度/m 0.1 >100 100~70 70~20 < 20 储层岩性 0.1 白云岩、礁滩相灰岩 介壳灰岩、粒屑灰岩 粉晶灰岩 泥晶灰岩 沉积相 0.1 台地边缘 台地相 盆地相 有效保存与配置 构造位置 0.1 古隆起 斜坡 枢纽 盆内 盖层岩性 0.2 膏盐岩、泥膏岩 厚层泥岩 泥岩 砂质泥岩 直接盖层厚度/m 0.2 >200 200~100 100~20 < 20 断裂破坏程度 0.1 无破坏 破坏轻微 破坏中等 破坏强烈 突破压力/MPa 0.2 < 150 150~100 100~50 >50 源盖匹配 0.2 好 中 差 不匹配
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 闫相宾, 刘超英, 蔡利学. 含油气区带评价方法探讨[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2010, 31(6): 857-864. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201006023.htmYAN Xiangbin, LIU Chaoying, CAI Lixue. A discussion on methods of play assessment[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2010, 31(6): 857-864. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201006023.htm [2] 刘超英, 闫相宾, 高山林, 等. 油气预探区带评价优选方法及其应用[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2015, 36(2): 314-318. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201502018.htmLIU Chaoying, YAN Xiangbin, GAO Shanlin, et al. Play evaluation methods and their application in preliminary exploration[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2015, 36(2): 314-318. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201502018.htm [3] 阳安成, 李德茂, 赵儒. 区带含油气地质概率分析[J]. 天然气地球化学, 1999, 10(5): 23-27. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX199905004.htmYANG Ancheng, LI Demao, ZHAO Ru. Geological probability analysis on oil and gas zone[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 1999, 10(5): 23-27. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX199905004.htm [4] LEVORSEN A I. The obscure and subtle trap[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1966, 50(10): 2058-2067. [5] MAGOON L B, DOW W G. The petroleum system: from source to trap[M]. Tulsa: AAPG, 1994. [6] PERRODON A. Petroleum systems: models and applications[J]. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 1992, 15(2): 319-325. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-5457.1992.tb00875.x [7] PAN C H. Non-marine origin of petroleum in North Shensi, and the Cretaceous of Szechuan, China: geological notes[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1941, 25(11): 2058-2068. [8] MCCROSSAN R G, BALL N L, SNOWDON L R. An evaluation of surface geochemical prospecting for petroleum, Olds-Caroline area, Alberta[R]. Geological Survey of Canada, Olds, Caroline: Canada Department of Energy, Mines and Resources, 1972. [9] DOW W G. Application of oil-correlation and source-rock data to exploration in Williston Basin[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1974, 58(7): 1253-1262. [10] WHITE D A. Geologic risking guide for prospects and plays[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1993, 77(12): 2048-2061. [11] 金之钧, 张一伟, 王捷, 等. 油气成藏机理与分布规律[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2003: 1-338.JIN Zhijun, ZHANG Yiwei, WANG Jie, et al. Hydrocarbon accumulation mechanisms and oil/gas distribution[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2003: 1-338. [12] 金之钧. 中国海相碳酸盐岩层系油气形成与富集规律[J]. 中国科学(地球科学), 2011, 41(7): 910-926. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK201107006.htmJIN Zhijun. Formation and accumulation of oil and gas in marine carbonate sequences in Chinese sedimentary basins[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2012, 55(3): 368-385. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK201107006.htm [13] 庞雄奇, 金之钧, 姜振学, 等. 叠合盆地油气资源评价问题及其研究意义[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2002, 29(1): 9-13. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0747.2002.01.003PANG Xiongqi, JIN Zhijun, JIANG Zhenxue, et al. Evaluation of hydrocarbon resources of superimposed basin and its significance[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2002, 29(1): 9-13. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0747.2002.01.003 [14] 庞雄奇, 朱伟林, 吕修祥, 等. 渤海湾盆地东部油气门限控藏研究与有利成藏区预测评价[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(S2): 1-18. doi: 10.7623/syxb2015S2001PANG Xiongqi, ZHU Weilin, LV Xiuxiang, et al. A study on hydrocarbon thresholds controlling reservoir accumulation and predictive evaluation of favorable accumulation areas in eastern Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(S2): 1-18. doi: 10.7623/syxb2015S2001 [15] 武明辉, 金晓辉, 徐旭辉, 等. 油气区块勘探程度划分方法研究[J]. 西安石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 30(4): 18-22. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XASY201504004.htmWU Minghui, JIN Xiaohui, XU Xuhui, et al. Research of division method for exploration degree of oil and gas blocks[J]. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University (Natural Science Edition), 2015, 30(4): 18-22. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XASY201504004.htm [16] 周总瑛, 唐跃刚. 油气资源评价中风险分析方法探讨[J]. 长江大学学报(社会科学版), 2004, 27(1): 108-111. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JZSZ200401021.htmZHOU Zongying, TANG Yuegang. A discussion on method of risk analysis for oil and gas resources evaluation[J]. Yangtze University(Social Sciences), 2004, 27(1): 108-111. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JZSZ200401021.htm [17] 赵文智, 何登发. 中国复合含油气系统的概念及其意义[J]. 勘探家, 2000, 5(3): 1-11. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY200003000.htmZHAO Wenzhi, HE Dengfa. Concept and its significance of composite petroleum systems in China[J]. Petroleum Explorationist, 2000, 5(3): 1-11. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY200003000.htm [18] 张庆春, 赵文智. 论含油气系统的复杂性及其研究方法: 兼论含油气系统综合模拟的科学思维和发展方向[J]. 石油学报, 2003, 24(6): 1-6. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB200306000.htmZHANG Qingchun, ZHAO Wenzhi. Discussion on the complexity of petroleum system and its study methodology[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2003, 24(6): 1-6. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB200306000.htm [19] 周波, 金之钧, 云金表, 等. 碳酸盐岩油气二次运移距离与成藏[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2016, 37(4): 457-463. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201604002.htmZHOU Bo, JIN Zhijun, YUN Jinbiao, et al. Secondary oil migration distance and hydrocarbon accumulation in carbonate rocks[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2016, 37(4): 457-463. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201604002.htm [20] 朱光有, 杨海军, 张斌, 等. 油气超长运移距离[J]. 岩石学报, 2013, 29(9): 3192-3212. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSXB201309019.htmZHU Guangyou, YANG Haijun, ZHANG Bin, et al. Ultra-long distance migration of hydrocarbon[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2013, 29(9): 3192-3212. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSXB201309019.htm [21] 金之钧, 云金表, 周波. 塔里木斜坡带类型、特征及其与油气聚集的关系[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2009, 30(2): 127-135. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT200902005.htmJIN Zhijun, YUN Jinbiao, ZHOU Bo. Types and characteristics of slope zones in Tarim Basin and their relationship with oil accumulation[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2009, 30(2): 127-135. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT200902005.htm [22] ENGLAND W A, MACKENZIE A S, MANN D M, et al. The movement and entrapment of petroleum fluids in the subsurface[J]. Journal of the Geological Society, 1987, 144(2): 327-347. [23] 胡朝元. "源控论"适用范围量化分析[J]. 天然气工业, 2005, 25(10): 1-3. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG200510000.htmHU Chaoyuan. Research on the appliance extent of "Source Control Theory" by semi quantitative statistics characteristics of oil and gas migration distance[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2005, 25(10): 1-3. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG200510000.htm [24] 云金表, 金之钧, 解国军. 塔里木盆地下古生界主力烃源岩分布[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2014, 35(6): 827-838. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201406012.htmYUN Jinbiao, JIN Zhijun, XIE Guojun. Distribution of major hydrocarbon source rocks in the Lower Palaeozoic, Tarim Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2014, 35(6): 827-838. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201406012.htm [25] 李斌, 彭军, 杨素举, 等. 塔里木盆地巴楚地区寒武系肖尔布拉克组储层特征及成因模式[J]. 石油实验地质, 2017, 39(6): 797-804. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201706797LI Bin, PENG Jun, YANG Suju, et al. Genetic model and characte-ristics of the Cambrian Shorebulake reservoir in Bachu area, Tarim Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology and Experiment, 2017, 39(6): 797-804. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201706797 [26] 陈强路, 储呈林, 胡广, 等. 塔里木盆地柯坪地区寒武系玉尔吐斯组沉积环境分析[J]. 石油实验地质, 2017, 39(3): 311-317. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201703311CHEN Qianglu, CHU Chenglin, HU Guang, et al. Sedimentary characteristics and depositional environment of Yuertusi Formation in Keping area, Tarim Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology and Experiment, 2017, 39(3): 311-317. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201703311 -
图(5) / 表(2)
计量
- 文章访问数: 1163
- HTML全文浏览量: 152
- PDF下载量: 200
- 被引次数: 0
苏公网安备32021102000780号