准噶尔盆地南缘油气苗有机地球化学特征及成因

周妮; 李际; 刘翠敏; 何丹; 杨红霞; 王海静

doi:10.11781/sysydz202006957

准噶尔盆地南缘油气苗有机地球化学特征及成因

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202006957

中国石油新疆油田分公司实验检测研究院, 新疆克拉玛依 834000

详细信息

作者简介:
周妮(1982-), 女, 硕士, 高级工程师, 从事油气地球化学研究。E-mail: zhouni@petrochina.com.cn

中图分类号: TE122.11
计量
- 文章访问数: 878
- HTML全文浏览量: 301
- PDF下载量: 118
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-12
- 修回日期: 2020-10-21
- 刊出日期: 2020-11-28

Organic geochemistry and genesis of oil and gas seeps in the southern Junggar Basin

Research Institute of Experiment and Testing, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, China

摘要

摘要: 为查明准噶尔盆地南缘油气苗的成因及其石油地质意义，对典型油气苗的地球化学特征进行了研究。该地区的油气苗可以分为4类：A类主要分布于南缘东段，油源为二叠系；B类分布于南缘中段第一排构造的齐古地区和南缘西段的托斯台背斜，油源以侏罗系为主；C类主要分布于南缘中段第二排构造，油源为白垩系；D类主要分布于南缘西段的乌苏—独山子地区，以泥火山为特色，油源为古近系而气源为侏罗系。油气苗的分布表现出典型的“源—断”双控特征，并与主要的含油气系统有很好的匹配关系，是地下油气藏在地面的直接线索，下步建议“西段上组合找气、中段中组合找油和东段下组合找有利储层”。
- 油气苗 /
- 泥火山 /
- 油砂 /
- 沥青 /
- 准噶尔盆地南缘
Abstract: The geochemical characteristics of oil and gas seepages from southerm Junggar Basin were studied in order to determine the origin of complex seepages and their petroleum geology significance. The oil and gas seeps in the study area can be divided into 4 types. Type A is mainly distributed in the east section, mainly sourced from the Permian. Type B is mainly in the Qigu area, the first structural zone in the middle section and the Tuositai anticline in the west section, mainly sourced from the Jurassic. Type C is distributed in the second structural zone of the middle section, mainly from the Cretaceous. Type D is mainly distributed in Wusu-Dushanzi area of the west section, featured by mud volcanoes, with oil from the Paleogene and gas from the Jurassic. The distribution of oil and gas seeps shows a typical "source-fault" dual control mechanism, and has a good match with the main oil and gas systems, which is a direct indicator of underground oil and gas reservoirs on the surface. Further hydrocarbon exploration should be focused on gas in the upper segment in the west section, oil in the middle segment in the middle section, and favorable reservoirs in the lower segment of the east section.
- oil-gas seeps /
- mud volcano /
- oil sand /
- bitumen /
- southern Junggar Basin

HTML全文

图 1 准噶尔盆地南缘构造及油气苗分布

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of structure and oil and gas seep distribution in southern Junggar Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 准噶尔盆地南缘油气苗野外照片

Figure 2. Field photos of oil and gas seeps in southern Junggar Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 准噶尔盆地南缘油气苗基础地球化学特征

Figure 3. Geochemistry of oil and gas seeps in southern Junggar Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 准噶尔盆地南缘东段A类油苗(大龙口沥青)典型生物标志化合物谱图

Figure 4. Typical biomarker spectra of type A oil seeps (Dalongkou bitumen) in east section of southern Junggar Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 准噶尔盆地南缘中段B类油苗(齐古液体油苗)典型生物标志化合物谱图

Figure 5. Typical biomarker spectra of type B oil seeps (Qigu oil seep) in middle section of southern Junggar Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 准噶尔盆地南缘中段C油苗(霍尔果斯油砂)典型生物标志化合物谱图

Figure 6. Typical biomarker spectra of type C oil seeps (Horgos oil sands) in middle section of southern Junggar Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 准噶尔盆地南缘西段D类油气苗(独山子泥火山)典型生物标志化合物谱图

Figure 7. Typical biomarker spectra of type D oil and gas seeps (Dushanzi mud volcano) in west section of southern Junggar Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 准噶尔盆地南缘4类油气苗成因模式

Figure 8. Genetic models of four types of oil and gas seeps in southern Junggar Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 准噶尔盆地南缘油气苗分类及典型地球化学特征

Table 1. Classification and typical geochemical parameters of oil and gas seeps in southern Junggar Basin

分类	油源	地区	典型剖面	油气苗类型	典型地球化学特征
A	P	东段	大龙口	沥青	碳同位素小于-30‰； Pr/Ph=0.8~1.2； β-胡萝卜烷: 低； C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉规则甾烷呈“上升型”
B	J (+P/E)	中/西段	齐古	液体油苗	碳同位素大于-29‰； Pr/Ph=1.5~3.0； β-胡萝卜烷/伽马蜡烷: 极低； C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉规则甾烷呈“上升型”
C	K	中段	霍尔果斯	油砂	碳同位素小于-29‰； Pr/Ph < 0.8； β-胡萝卜烷/伽马蜡烷: 高； C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉规则甾烷呈“V”型
D	E (+J)	西段	独山子	泥火山	碳同位素大于-28.5‰； Pr/Ph=0.8~1.5； β-胡萝卜烷/伽马蜡烷: 低； C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉规则甾烷呈“V”型

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(22)

[1]	MILKOV A V. Worldwide distribution of submarine mud volcanoes and associated gas hydrates[J]. Marine Geology, 2000, 167(1/2): 29-42.
[2]	KÖRBER J H, SAHLING H, PAPE T, et al. Natural oil seepage at Kobuleti Ridge, eastern Black Sea[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2014, 50: 68-82. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.11.007
[3]	刘志泉. 原油物性分析对油气勘探的指导意义[J]. 新疆石油地质, 1990, 11(3): 253-257. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD199003010.htm LIU Zhiquan. Directing significance of crude oil property analysis to oil and gas exploration[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 1990, 11(3): 253-257. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD199003010.htm
[4]	POUDEROUX H, CODERRE A B, PEDERSEN P K, et al. Characterization, architecture and controls of Cold Lake marginal-marine oil sands: the Grand Rapids Formation (Upper Mannville) of east-central Alberta, Canada[J]. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geo-logy, 2016, 64(2): 119-146. doi: 10.2113/gscpgbull.64.2.119
[5]	ZHENG Guodong, XU Wang, ETIOPE G, et al. Hydrocarbon seeps in petroliferous basins in China: a first inventory[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2018, 151: 269-284. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2017.10.037
[6]	张景坤, 周基贤, 王海静, 等. 准噶尔盆地西北缘超剥带轻质油的发现及意义[J]. 地质通报, 2017, 36(4): 493-502. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZQYD201704001.htm ZHANG Jingkun, ZHOU Jixian, WANG Haijing, et al. The discovery of light oil in the overlap-erosion zones of the northwestern Junggar Basin and its significance[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2017, 36(4): 493-502. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZQYD201704001.htm
[7]	ZHANG Jingkun, CAO Jian, WANG Yan, et al. Geochemistry and genesis of oil and gas seeps in the Junggar Basin, NW China: implications for hybrid petroleum systems[J]. Geofluids, 2019, 2019: 9732674.
[8]	ZHANG Jingkun, CAO Jian, WANG Yan, et al. Origin of giant vein-type bitumen deposits in the northwestern Junggar Basin, NW China: Implications for fault-controlled hydrocarbon accumulation[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2019, 179: 287-299. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2019.05.009
[9]	WANG Yan, CAO Jian, JIN Jun, et al. Diverse oil and gas seeps in the southern Junggar Basin, NW China (piedmont Northern Tian Shan): origins and links to tectono-sedimentary evolution[J]. Geological Journal, 2020, 55(1): 3497-3521.
[10]	何钊. 准噶尔盆地南缘西部油苗[J]. 新疆石油地质, 1989, 10(1): 87-89. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD198901015.htm HE Zhao. Oil seeps in the western of southern Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 1989, 10(1): 87-89. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD198901015.htm
[11]	吴键. 艾比湖-安集海地区构造地质特征及其对油气勘探的意义[J]. 新疆石油地质, 1988, 9(3): 15-22. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD198803003.htm WU Jian. Tectonic geological characteristics of the Aibi Lake-Anjihai area and its significance to oil and gas exploration[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 1988, 9(3): 15-22. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD198803003.htm
[12]	WAN Zhifeng, WANG Xianqing, LU Ye, et al. Geochemical characteristics of mud volcano fluids in the southern margin of the Junggar Basin, NW China: implications for fluid origin and mud volcano formation mechanisms[J]. International Geology Review, 2017, 59(13): 1723-1735. doi: 10.1080/00206814.2017.1295281
[13]	NAKADA R, TAKAHASHI Y, TSUNOGAI U, et al. A geochemical study on mud volcanoes in the Junggar Basin, China[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 2011, 26(7): 1065-1076. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.011
[14]	戴金星, 吴小奇, 倪云燕, 等. 准噶尔盆地南缘泥火山天然气的地球化学特征[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2012, 42(2): 178-190. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK201202005.htm DAI Jinxing, WU Xiaoqi, NI Yunyan, et al. Geochemical characteristics of natural gas from mud volcanoes in the southern Junggar Basin[J]. Science China: Earth Sciences, 2012, 55(3): 355-367. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK201202005.htm
[15]	黄华谷, 李牛, 王钦贤, 等. 新疆独山子泥火山沉积物及孔隙水的地球化学特征与流体来源[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2015, 39(2): 325-333. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DGYK201502013.htm HUANG Huagu, LI Niu, WANG Qinxian, et al. Geochemical features and origins of pore fluids and sediments of the mud volcanoes in southern margin of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwestern China[J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2015, 39(2): 325-333. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DGYK201502013.htm
[16]	陈书平, 漆家福, 于福生, 等. 准噶尔盆地南缘构造变形特征及其主控因素[J]. 地质学报, 2007, 81(2): 151-157. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE200702002.htm CHEN Shuping, QI Jiafu, YU Fusheng, et al. Deformation characte-ristics in the southern margin of the Junggar Basin and their control-ling factors[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2007, 81(2): 151-157. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE200702002.htm
[17]	郭召杰, 吴朝东, 张志诚, 等. 准噶尔盆地南缘构造控藏作用及大型油气藏勘探方向浅析[J]. 高校地质学报, 2011, 17(2): 185-195. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GXDX201102007.htm GUO Zhaojie, WU Chaodong, ZHANG Zhicheng, et al. Tectonic control on hydrocarbon accumulation and prospect for large oil-gas field exploration in the southern Junggar Basin[J]. Geolo-gical Journal of China Universities, 2011, 17(2): 185-195. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GXDX201102007.htm
[18]	WANG Yan, CAO Jian, LI Xueyi, et al. Cretaceous and Paleogene saline lacustrine source rocks discovered in the southern Junggar Basin, NW China[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2019, 185: 104019.
[19]	陈建平, 王绪龙, 邓春萍, 等. 准噶尔盆地烃源岩与原油地球化学特征[J]. 地质学报, 2016, 90(1): 37-67. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE201601003.htm CHEN Jianping, WANG Xulong, DENG Chunping, et al. Geoche-mical features of source rocks and crude oil in the Junggar Basin, Northwest China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2016, 90(1): 37-67. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE201601003.htm
[20]	邵雨, 陈伟, 张伯友. 断层相关褶皱理论在准噶尔盆地南缘山前带构造研究的应用[J]. 地球科学与环境学报, 2005, 27(1): 26-29. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XAGX200501004.htm SHAO Yu, CHEN Wei, ZHANG Boyou. Application of the geometry of fault-related folding to the southern Junggar basin[J]. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment, 2005, 27(1): 26-29. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XAGX200501004.htm
[21]	李二庭, 陈俊, 迪丽达尔·肉孜, 等. 准噶尔盆地腹部地区原油金刚烷化合物特征及应用[J]. 石油实验地质, 2019, 41(4): 569-576. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201904569 LI Erting, CHEN Jun, ROUZI Dilidaer, et al. Characteristics of diamondoids in crude oil and its application in hinterland of Junggar Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2019, 41(4): 569-576. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201904569
[22]	陈建平, 王绪龙, 邓春萍, 等. 准噶尔盆地南缘油气生成与分布规律: 原油地球化学特征与分类[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(11): 1315-1331. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201805001.htm CHEN Jianping, WANG Xulong, DENG Chunping, et al. Geoche-mical features and classification of crude oil in the southern margin of Junggar Basin, Northwestern China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(11): 1315-1331. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201805001.htm