Transfer system reform for oil and gas mineral rights and value of reserves in China
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摘要: 当前我国石油天然气行业为了适应国家油气矿业权体制机制改革，正在进行矿权竞争性出让和储量价值化的探索。为进一步发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性地位，了解油气矿权流转现状及存在的问题，通过对国际石油公司矿权流转的主要做法和我国油气矿权流转实践的研究，系统总结了我国油气矿权出让制度改革与油气储量价值化研究进展。“十三五”以来，我国油气矿业权高度集中的围城逐渐被打破，政府监管方式逐步转变，配套政策法规日趋完善，区块流转第三方交易服务平台开始运转。油气储量价值化评价是矿业权的流转、油气储量的有偿转让和交易的关键环节，在系统总结国内外储量价值化评估方法的基础上，以川东南A区块为例，针对多类型油气藏关键参数的确定，阐述了单位储量价格法的具体应用。Abstract: At present, in order to adapt to the reform of national oil and gas mining right system, the domestic oil and gas industry is exploring the competitive transfer of mineral rights and the exploration of reserve value, which is a new topic in China. In order to give full play to the fundamental position of market in resource allocation, and to understand the current status and existing problems of the transfer of oil and gas mineral rights, it was analyzed in this paper for the main practices of the international oil company's and our country's oil and gas mineral rights transfer, and the research progress of our country's oil and gas mineral right transfer system reform and the value of oil and gas reserves was summarized. Since the "13th Five-Year Plan", the besieged city with a high concentration of oil and gas mining rights in our country has been gradually broken, government supervision methods have been gradually changed, supporting policies and regulations have been improved day by day, and the third-party transaction service platform for block transfer has begun to operate. The value-based evaluation of oil and gas reserves is a key link in the transfer of mining rights and the paid transfer and transaction of oil and gas reserves. On the basis of systematically summarizing the valuation methods of reserves at home and abroad, taking block A in the southeastern part of Sichuan Basin as an example, the specific application of the unit reserve price method was practiced for the determination of key parameters of multiple types of oil and gas reservoirs.
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图 1 中国原油进口量及对外依存度趋势
数据来源于中国国家统计局、中国海关。
Figure 1. Trend of China's crude oil imports and external dependence
图 3 川东南流转交易区块范围示意
Figure 3. Scope of circulation transaction block in southeastern Sichuan Basin
图 4 川东南A地区油气系统综合柱状图
Figure 4. Comprehensive histogram of oil and gas system in block A, southeastern Sichuan Basin
图 6 SPE准则下川东南A区块资源量面积
Figure 6. SPE guidelines of resource area in block A, southeastern Sichuan Basin
表 1 川东南A区块气藏特征统计对比
Table 1. Statistical comparison of gas reservoir characteristics in block A, southeastern Sichuan Basin
含油气层 沉积相 岩性 孔隙度/% 含气面积/km2 压力系数 气藏中深/m 气藏类型 典型钻井产量/104 m3 长兴组 台缘礁滩相 生物礁白云岩 5.87 13.35 1.24 4 575 构造—岩性复合气藏 T1井/51.71，T4井/22.23 飞仙关组 台缘礁滩相 鲕粒灰岩、砂屑灰岩及残余颗粒云岩 2.30 306.97 1.25~1.56 4 370 构造—岩性复合气藏 T1井/1.15，T5井/5.24 自流井组大安寨段 半深湖相 暗色泥页岩 4.20 242 1.10 2 350 挥发性油气藏 K1井/1.78 
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表 2 川东南A区块资源分类结果
Table 2. Resource classification of block A, southeastern Sichuan Basin
勘探程度 层位 分级储量/108 m3 2P 2C 已探明 长兴组 20.68 获工业气流 长兴组 98.51 飞仙关组 5.75 44.43 大安寨段 67.51 合计 26.43 210.45
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表 3 川东南A区块储量价值评估结果
Table 3. Reserve value evaluation result of block A, southeastern Sichuan Basin
勘探程度 层位 分级储量/108m3 勘探投资/(亿元) 交易价格/(元·m-3) 2P价值/亿元 2C价值/亿元 储量价值/亿元 备注 2P 2C 已探明 长兴组 20.68 0.230 4.76 4.76 常规 获工业气流 长兴组 5.75 98.51 7.842 0.058 5.71 5.71 飞仙关组 0.230 1.32 3.90 44.43 0.058 2.58 大安寨段 67.51 0.058 3.92 3.92 页岩气 合计 43.77 334.25 7.842 6.08 12.21 18.29
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