塔里木盆地顺北地区奥陶系超深层原油裂解动力学及地质意义

李慧莉; 马安来; 蔡勋育; 林会喜; 李建交; 刘金钟; 朱秀香; 吴鲜

doi:10.11781/sysydz202105818

塔里木盆地顺北地区奥陶系超深层原油裂解动力学及地质意义

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202105818

1.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 102206
2.
中国石油化工集团有限公司油田事业部, 北京 100728
3.
中国科学院广州地球化学研究所, 广州 510640
4.
中国石化西北油田分公司, 乌鲁木齐 830011

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 U19B6003

国家自然科学基金 41772153

中国石化科技部项目 P19024-4

中国石化科技部项目 P21085-8

详细信息

作者简介:
李慧莉(1972-), 女, 博士, 高级工程师, 从事油气成藏及石油地质综合研究。E-mail: lihl.syky@sinopec.com

通讯作者:
马安来(1969-), 男, 博士, 副教授, 从事油气地球化学及成藏机理研究。E-mail: maal.syky@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-09
- 修回日期: 2021-08-13
- 刊出日期: 2021-09-28

Kinetics of oil-cracking of ultra-deep Ordovician oil in the North Shuntuoguole area of Tarim Basin and its geological implications

1.
SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration & Production Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
2.
Department of Oilfield Exploration & Development, SINOPEC, Beijing 100728, China
3.
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
4.
SINOPEC Northwest Oilfield Company, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China

摘要

摘要: 随着塔里木盆地海相油气勘探向深层的拓展，超深层油藏赋存温度上限是有机地球化学和石油地质学关注的科学问题。使用封闭体系黄金管热模拟实验方法，对塔里木盆地顺北7井奥陶系超深层原油开展了50 MPa、90 MPa两种压力和2℃/h、20℃/h两种升温速率的热模拟实验；根据模拟实验结果，应用Kinetics软件进行化学动力学计算，对比不同温压条件下原油热裂解进程，讨论其地质意义。结果表明，在不同温压条件下，同一原油具有基本相似的裂解过程和基本一致的终点温度裂解总生气量。在原油裂解中，早期有重烃气的生成，晚期重烃气进一步转化为甲烷。升温速率对原油裂解进程影响显著，较高的升温速率下，原油裂解进程向高温推移，并且具有较高的油相保存温度上限。压力对原油裂解的影响较小。同一升温速率条件下，裂解早期压力对原油热裂解稍有"抑制"作用，而裂解晚期，压力则稍有"促进"作用。原油在不同温压条件下裂解过程的差异，可以用裂解活化能分布的差异进行解释。顺北7井原油在两种压力条件下均具有相对集中的活化能分布，表明原油发生裂解转化过程的"温度窗"相对较窄。顺北一区油相保持的温度上限高于180℃，在埋深9 000 m的深部仍可保持油相。
- 原油热裂解 /
- 动力学模拟 /
- 油气藏相态 /
- 奥陶系 /
- 超深层 /
- 顺北地区 /
- 塔里木盆地
Abstract: With the expansion to the deep strata for the exploration of marine oil and gas in the Tarim Basin, the upper limit of temperature for the occurrence of ultra-deep reservoirs has become a scientific concerning of organic geochemistry and petroleum geology. Thermal simulations of the ultra-deep Ordovician oil from well SB 7 in the North Shuntuoguole area of Tarim Basin were carried out using a gold-tube confined system under two different pressures of 50 and 90 MPa and two different heating rates of 2 and 20℃/h, respectively. According to the results of simulation experiments, Kinetics software was used to calculate the chemical kinetics, and the mass yield of gas generation during oil-cracking under different temperature and pressure conditions was compared, and its geological significance was discussed. Under different temperature and pressure stages, the same oil sample experienced a similar process of oil-cracking as well as of total volume and mass yield of gas generation. Heavier gas compounts were generated in the early stage of oil-cracking and further transformed to form methane in the later stage. Heating rates impacted greatly on oil-cracking processes. Under a higher heating rate, the oil-cracking process moved to higher temperature and the separate oil phase can be kept with a higher temperature limit. High pressures only played minor roles on oil-cracking. With the same heating rate, higher pressure negligibly suppressed oil-cracking in the early stage of oil-cracking, whereas in the later stage, higher pressure promoted oil-cracking a bit. The difference of oil-cracking process under different temperatures and pressures can be explained by the distribution of activation energy. The distribution of activation energy of C₁-C₅ gas mass yield of oil-cracking of well SB 7 is relatively more concentrated, suggesting that the "temperature window" of oil-cracking is relatively narrower. According to the thermal simulation and kinetics calculation results, the maximum temperature of oil phase in the block 1 in the North Shuntuoguole area is greater than 180℃, and oil phase can be maintained at a depth greater than 9 000 m.
- oil cracking /
- kinetics simulation /
- reservoir fluid phase /
- Ordovician /
- ultra-deep /
- North Shuntuoguole area /
- Tarim Basin

HTML全文

图 1 塔里木盆地顺北地区顺北7井原油全油色谱、饱和烃色谱—质谱质量色谱图

Figure 1. Whole oil gas chromatogram, mass chromatograms of saturated fraction of oil from well SB 7 in North Shuntuoguole area, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 塔里木盆地顺北地区顺北7井原油热裂解模拟实验气体体积产率(a, c, e)、气体质量产率(b, d, f)与热裂解温度的关系

Figure 2. Gas volume (a, c, e) and mass yields (b, d, f) with pyrolysis temperatures of oil samples from well SB 7 in North Shuntuoguole area, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 塔里木盆地顺北地区顺北7井原油在两种压力条件下裂解C₁—C₅质量转化率及活化能分布

Figure 3. Activation energy distribution and gas mass yields of C₁-C₅ of oil from well SB7 in North Shuntuoguole area, Tarim Basin at 50 and 90 MPa

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 塔里木盆地顺北地区顺北7井原油在两种压力条件、不同升温速率下原油裂解生气转化率与温度的关系

Figure 4. Mass conversion rates of oil from well SB 7 in North Shuntuoguole area, Tarim Basin with geological temperature at different pressures and heating rates

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 50 MPa压力条件下塔里木盆地不同类型海相原油升温速率与独立油相保存地质温度上限的关系

Figure 5. Temperature at which liquid oil as a separate phase for a possible geological heating rates under 50 MPa for different types of marine oil of Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 塔里木盆地海相原油两种压力、不同升温速率独立油相保存的地质温度

Table 1. Geological temperatures of marine oil of Tarim Basin as a separate oil phase under two pressures and different heating rates ℃

升温速率/(℃·Ma^-1)	50 MPa		90 MPa
升温速率/(℃·Ma^-1)	C=51%	C=62.5%	C=51%	C=62.5%
0.2	179	181	180	182
0.5	185	188	186	189
1	190	193	191	193
2	195	197	196	198
3	197	200	198	200
5	202	204	202	204
8	204	207	205	207
10	206	209	207	210

下载: 导出CSV

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