莺歌海盆地乐东10区CO<sub>2</sub>包裹体特征及其流体充注史

税蕾蕾; 郭来源; 徐新德; 黄向胜; 黄合庭; 陈书伟; 宋修章

doi:10.11781/sysydz202105835

莺歌海盆地乐东10区CO₂包裹体特征及其流体充注史

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202105835

1.
中海油能源发展股份有限公司工程技术公司中海油实验中心, 天津 300452
2.
浙江一龙环保科技有限公司, 杭州 310051
3.
中海石油(中国)有限公司海南分公司, 海口 570312

基金项目:

广东省软科学研究计划项目 2018B030323028

详细信息

作者简介:
税蕾蕾(1978-), 女, 硕士, 高级工程师, 从事地球化学实验研究工作。E-mail: shuill@cnooc.com.cn

中图分类号: TE122.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-07
- 修回日期: 2021-09-12
- 刊出日期: 2021-09-28

Fluid charging history in Ledong 10 area, Yinggehai Basin, revealed by CO₂ inclusion characteristics

1.
CNOOC Central Laboratory, Drilling & Production Co., CNOOC Energy Technology & Services Ltd., Tianjin 300452, China
2.
Zhejiang Yilong Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China
3.
Hainan Branch of CNOOC Ltd., Haikou, Hainan 570312, China

摘要

摘要: 莺歌海盆地新生界富含天然气，近年来在盆地中深层勘探取得了突破；而乐东10区气田的发现，引起了对非底辟构造的中深层岩性气藏天然气运移成藏问题的关注。乐东10区块中新统黄流组天然气藏富含CO₂，为了查明CO₂在天然气藏中的运移特征和期次，以包裹体岩相学为前提，结合激光拉曼光谱分析对其进行了研究。该区包裹体主要包括盐水包裹体、二氧化碳包裹体、气相甲烷包裹体、混合气包裹体、含混合气的盐水溶液包裹体五种类型。使用激光拉曼分析和显微测温技术，定量分析了CO₂包裹体的均一温度和密度等参数；结合CO₂流体包裹体捕获条件、沉积特征、埋藏史以及CO₂同位素值，认为该区CO₂为两期幕式充注：第一期为1.4~0.9 Ma充注的高密度无机成因CO₂；第二期为0.7~0.4 Ma充注的中密度无机成因CO₂。
- CO₂包裹体 /
- 激光拉曼分析 /
- 流体充注期次 /
- 新生界 /
- 乐东10区 /
- 莺歌海盆地
Abstract: The Cenozoic strata of Yinggehai Basin is rich in natural gas, and exploration breakthroughs have been achieved in the middle and deep strata of the basin in recent years. The discovery of gas fields in the Ledong 10 area had attracted concerning for the migration and accumulation of natural gas in lithologic reservoirs in the middle and deep strata of nondiapir structures. The natural gas reservoir in the Miocene Huangliu Formation in the Ledong 10 block appeared to have a high content of CO₂. The characteristics and periods of CO₂ migration to natural gas reservoirs were discussed by the approaches including Laser Raman spectroscopy and combined with inclusion petrographic observation. Five types of fluid inclusions were classified, including brine inclusions, CO₂ inclusions, gas-phase CH₄ inclusions, gas-mixed inclusions and gas-mixed brine inclusions. According to the homogenization temperature and density of CO₂ inclusions measured by Laser Raman and microthermometry analysis, and combined with the estimation of the capture conditions of CO₂ inclusions, sedimentary characteristics, burial history as well as isotopic composition of CO₂, two-stage filling mode for CO₂ gas reservoirs was then concluded. The first stage was high-density inorganic-origin CO₂ charged between 1.4-0.9 Ma; the second stage was medium-density inorganic CO₂ charged between 0.7-0.4 Ma.
- CO₂ inclusion /
- Laser Raman analysis /
- filling period /
- Cenozoic /
- Ledong 10 area /
- Yinggehai Basin

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图 1 莺歌海盆地构造单元划分(a)及研究区位置示意(b)

Figure 1. Structural units (a) and location of study area (b) in Yinggehai Basin

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图 2 莺歌海盆地乐东10区中新统黄流组石英裂隙内包裹体组合

Figure 2. Inclusion assemblage in quartz fractures of Miocene Huangliu Formation, Ledong 10 area, Yinggehai Basin

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图 3 莺歌海盆地乐东10区流体包裹体显微照片

Figure 3. Micrographic pictures of fluid inclusions in Ledong 10 area, Yinggehai Basin

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图 4 莺歌海盆地乐东10区包裹体成分激光拉曼光谱分析

Figure 4. Laser Raman spectroscopy analysis of inclusion composition, Ledong 10 area, Yinggehai Basin

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图 5 莺歌海盆地乐东10区CO₂-H₂O型包裹体密度与同期盐水包裹体均一温度的关系

Figure 5. Correlation between density of CO₂-H₂O type inclusions and homogenization temperature of brine inclusions during the same period, Ledong 10 area, Yinggehai Basin

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图 6 莺歌海盆地乐东10区CO₂成因鉴别

Figure 6. Genetic identification of CO₂, Ledong 10 area, Yinggehai Basin

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图 7 莺歌海盆地乐东10区包裹体均一温度分布特征

Figure 7. Distribution characteristics of homogenization temperature of inclusions in Ledong 10 area, Yinggehai Basin

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图 8 莺歌海盆地乐东10区中深层储层盐水包裹体均一温度及埋藏史

Figure 8. Homogenization temperature and burial history of brine inclusions in middle and deep reservoirs, Ledong 10 area, Yinggehai Basin

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图 9 莺歌海盆地乐东10区油气运聚成藏模式

据杨计海等^[2]，有修改。

Figure 9. Model showing oil and gas migration and accumulation in Ledong 10 area, Yinggehai Basin

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表 1 莺歌海盆地乐东10区构造流体包裹体分类特征

Table 1. Classification characteristics of fluid inclusions, Ledong 10 area, Yinggehai Basin

分类特征	赋存矿物		形态大小	颜色		拉曼成分	相态(单相、两相、三相)	相比例(两相、多相)	成因类型	产状(分布特征)
分类特征	石英	方解石，长石	形态大小	偏光特征	荧光特征(蓝光)	拉曼成分	相态(单相、两相、三相)	相比例(两相、多相)	成因类型	产状(分布特征)
盐水包裹体	常见	少见	近圆形，椭圆形，近椭圆形，3~14 μm，主要分布于10 μm	无色	无	无	两相为主	气相2%~15%	成岩、成藏过程中有关的流体包裹体(次生包裹体)	愈合裂隙，其次为单个分布
二氧化碳包裹体	常见	少见	近圆形，椭圆形，近椭圆形，2~12 μm	盐水相无色；液态气无色；气相为黑色或灰黑色	无	CO₂、H₂O	单一气相、气—液两相、气—液—盐水三相	单一气相为70%以上；气—液两相为60%和40%，气—液—盐水三相为50%，35%，15%
混合气包裹体	少见	有，难观察	近圆形，椭圆形，近椭圆形，5~13 μm	黑色	无	CH₄、N₂、CO₂	气相为主	气相70%以上
气相甲烷包裹体	可见	有，难观察	形态多变，呈圆形、椭圆形，3~8 μm	黑色或者灰黑色	无	CH₄	单一气相	气相70%以上	油气成藏过程中有关的流体包裹体(次生包裹体)
含混合成分的盐水包裹体	少见	有，难观察	形态多变，近椭圆形，不规则形态，比较常见，2~10 μm	液相呈褐黄色，气相呈黑色	浅黄色、黄色	CH₄、N₂、H₂O	气—液两相或气相的液体包裹体	气相2%~15%	油气成藏过程中有关的流体包裹体(次生包裹体)

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表 2 莺歌海盆地乐东10区二氧化碳包裹体拉曼定量分析数据

Table 2. Raman quantitative data of CO₂-H₂O inclusions, Ledong 10 area, Yinggehai Basin

序号	井号	层位	深度/m	费米双峰间距/cm^-1	密度/(g·cm^-3)	同期盐水包裹体均一温度/℃	包裹体岩石学特征
1	L1-13	黄流组	4 169.65	104.55	0.81	155.0	石英愈合裂缝
2	L1-13	黄流组	4 172.04	104.53	0.79	171.0	石英愈合裂缝
3	L1-13	黄流组	4 172.04	104.44	0.76	170.0	石英愈合裂缝
4	L1-13	黄流组	4 172.04	104.65	0.84	161.5	石英愈合裂缝
5	L1-13	黄流组	4 172.04	104.77	0.87	151.5	石英愈合裂缝
6	L1-13	黄流组	4 172.04	104.75	0.88	151.0	石英愈合裂缝
7	L1-13	黄流组	4 172.04	104.68	0.85	165.5	石英愈合裂缝
8	L1-13	黄流组	4 174.16	103.77	0.47	178.0	石英愈合裂缝
9	L1-13	黄流组	4 221.00	103.75	0.46	175.0	石英愈合裂缝
10	L1-13	黄流组	4 221.00	104.77	0.88	150.0	石英愈合裂缝
11	L1-13	黄流组	4 262.00	104.75	0.87	163.0	石英愈合裂缝
12	L1-13	黄流组	4 301.00	103.68	0.43	177.0	石英愈合裂缝
13	L1-13	黄流组	4 301.00	104.67	0.85	160.0	石英愈合裂缝
14	L1-6	黄流组	4 189.90	104.54	0.80	160.5	石英愈合裂缝
15	L1-12	梅山组	4 238.00	104.77	0.89	150.5	石英愈合裂缝
16	L1-12	梅山组	4 350.00	104.73	0.87	159.0	石英愈合裂缝
17	L1-12	梅山组	4 372.00	103.79	0.48	173.0	石英愈合裂缝
18	L1-12	梅山组	4 412.00	104.66	0.85	161.5	石英愈合裂缝
19	L2-1	梅山组	3 900.00	104.79	0.89	156.0	石英愈合裂缝
20	L2-1	梅山组	4 106.20	103.91	0.53	174.0	石英愈合裂缝
21	L2-1	梅山组	4 106.20	104.57	0.81	154.0	石英愈合裂缝

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