浅层海相页岩含气性特征及其主控因素——以昭通太阳区块下志留统龙马溪组为例

李娟; 陈雷; 计玉冰; 程青松

doi:10.11781/sysydz202302296

浅层海相页岩含气性特征及其主控因素——以昭通太阳区块下志留统龙马溪组为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202302296

李娟^{1, 2, 3,},
陈雷^{1, 2, 3, ,},
计玉冰⁴,
程青松⁴

1.
西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院, 成都 610500
2.
天然气地质四川省重点实验室, 成都 610500
3.
中国石油天然气集团有限公司碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室西南石油大学研究分室, 成都 610500
4.
中国石油浙江油田公司, 杭州 310023

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目 41602147

中国石油—西南石油大学创新联合体科技合作项目 2020CX020000

详细信息

作者简介:
李娟(1999-), 女, 硕士生, 主要研究方向为非常规油气。E-mail: 3406916041@qq.com

通讯作者:
陈雷(1985-), 男, 副教授, 从事非常规油气、碳酸盐岩沉积与储层、层序地层学方面研究。E-mail: cl211@126.com

中图分类号: TE122.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-22
- 修回日期: 2023-02-14
- 刊出日期: 2023-03-28

Gas-bearing characteristics and major controlling factors of shallow marine shale: a case study of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Taiyang block of Zhaotong area

LI Juan^{1, 2, 3
,},
CHEN Lei^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
JI Yubing⁴,
CHENG Qingsong⁴

1.
School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
2.
Natural Gas Geology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
3.
Southwest Petroleum University Division of Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoirs, CNPC, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
4.
Zhejiang Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China

摘要

摘要: 浅层页岩气（埋深小于1 500 m）的勘探开发具有成本低、建产快等特点，受到广泛关注。昭通国家级页岩气示范区太阳区块下志留统龙马溪组页岩气具有埋深浅、高含气量的特点，显示出良好的勘探潜力，但前人对该区浅层页岩气的含气性分布及主控因素研究较少。为了丰富这方面的研究，利用太阳区块龙马溪组一段页岩样品的分析测试资料，对其含气性特征及主控因素进行分析。研究区龙一₁¹小层总含气量最高，自下而上含气量逐渐降低，平面上龙一₁亚段页岩含气量高值区位于研究区北部和南部；有机质含量、矿物组分、储层物性及外部保存条件等对研究区龙一₁亚段浅层页岩含气性具有一定的控制作用。有机质是生成页岩气的原始物质，同时其生烃裂解形成的有机质孔为页岩气提供大量的储存空间，有机质含量是总含气量的最主要控制因素；硅质矿物含量高，有利于后期压裂开发。研究区龙一₁亚段顶底板地层岩性致密，封闭性良好，具有微超压—超压特征，有效阻止了页岩气逸散，勘探前景广阔。
- 浅层页岩气 /
- 龙马溪组 /
- 含气性特征 /
- 控制因素 /
- 昭通地区
Abstract: The exploration and development of shallow shale gas has the advantages of low cost and fast production reduction, so it has attracted wide attention. The shale gas in the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation (S₁l) in Taiyang block of Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone has the characteristics of shallow burial depth and high gas content, showing good exploration potential. However, the gas-bearing distribution and major controlling factors of shallow shale gas in this research area are rarely studied previously. In order to enrich the research in this field, this paper analyzes the gas-bearing characteristics and the major controlling factors of the shale samples of Long-1 subsection (S₁l₁) in the Taiyang block. The results show that the total gas content of S₁l₁^1-1 is the highest in the study area, the gas content gradually decreases from bottom to top, and areas with high shale gas content in S₁l₁ appear in the north and south of the study area on the plane. Organic matter content, mineral components, reservoir properties and external preservation conditions have a certain role in controlling the gas properties of shallow shale in S₁l₁¹ subsection of the study area. Organic matter is the primitivesubstance that generates shale gas, at the same time, the organic matter hole formed by hydrocarbon cracking sprovides a lot of storage pace for shale gas, while the content of organic matter is the major controlling factor of the total gas content. The high content of silicoide is conducive to later fracturing development. The adjacent rock strata of S₁l₁¹ subsection in the study area are compact in lithology, with good sealing property, showing the characteristics of slight overpressure and overpressure, which effectively prevents the escape of shale gas, and has broad exploration prospects.
- shallow shale gas /
- Longmaxi Formation /
- gas-bearing characteristics /
- controlling factors /
- Zhaotong area

HTML全文

图 1 昭通国家级页岩气示范区太阳区块构造背景

据文献[6]修改。

Figure 1. Structural background of Taiyang block in Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone

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图 2 昭通国家级页岩气示范区太阳区块龙马溪组页岩总含气量

Figure 2. Total shale gas content in Longmaxi Formation in Taiyang block of Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 昭通太阳区块T1井龙马溪组页岩含气量垂向变化序列

Figure 3. Vertical variation of Longmaxi Formation shale gas content in well T1, Taiyang block of Zhaotong

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图 4 昭通国家级页岩气示范区太阳区块龙马溪组龙一₁亚段4个小层总含气量平面分布

Figure 4. Plane distribution of total gas content in four layers of S₁l₁ in Taiyang block of Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone

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图 5 昭通国家级页岩气示范区太阳区块龙马溪组龙一₁亚段页岩储层各参数与含气量相关关系

Figure 5. Correlation between shale reservoir parameters and gas content in S₁l₁ in Taiyang block of Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone

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图 6 昭通国家级页岩气示范区太阳区块龙马溪组龙一₁亚段页岩储层微观特征

Figure 6. Microscopic characteristics of shale reservoirs in S₁l₁ in Taiyang block of Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone

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图 7 昭通国家级页岩气示范区太阳区块浅层页岩气富集成藏模式

据文献[8]修改。

Figure 7. Accumulation model of shallow shale gas in Taiyang block, Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone

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表 1 昭通国家级页岩气示范区太阳区块下志留统龙马溪组一段浅层页岩含气量

Table 1. Shale gas content in S₁l₁ in Taiyang block of Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone

层位		吸附气量/(m³·t^-1)	游离气量/(m³·t^-1)	总含气量/(m³·t^-1)	样品数量
龙一₂亚段		0.39~1.19(0.77)	0.03~1.38(0.41)	0.42~2.50(1.17)	28
龙一₁亚段	龙一₁⁴	0.54~1.88(1.27)	0.22~2.10(1.13)	1.07~3.24(2.40)	14
	龙一₁³	1.24~2.33(1.80)	0.50~1.93(1.25)	2.36~3.63(3.04)	16
	龙一₁²	1.36~2.53(2.01)	0.70~2.27(1.33)	2.40~4.32(3.34)	10
	龙一₁¹	1.75~4.34(2.84)	1.04~2.21(1.75)	3.46~6.34(4.59)	3
总计		0.39~4.34(1.74)	0.03~2.27(1.17)	0.42~6.34(2.91)	71
注：表中数值意义为：最小值~最大值(平均值)，表 2同。

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表 2 昭通国家级页岩气示范区太阳区块龙马溪组龙一₁亚段页岩储层矿物成分及总有机质含量

Table 2. Mineral composition and TOC of shale reservoirs in S₁l₁ in Taiyang block of Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone %

层位	石英	石英+长石	碳酸盐矿物	黏土矿物	ω(TOC)
龙一₁⁴小层	(27.60~41.40)35.48	(30.70~45.00)39.32	(18.90~42.40)25.55	(23.70~34.60)30.37	(2.00~2.90)2.48
龙一₁³小层	(27.10~48.30)39.56	(32.10~50.80)43.43	(17.20~34.60)24.25	(21.60~32.20)27.56	(2.50~3.50)2.97
龙一₁²小层	(33.10~68.70)44.07	(38.10~69.70)47.80	(10.40~38.90)25.45	(15.90~26.20)21.88	(2.96~5.60)3.80
龙一₁¹小层	(8.70~60.10)27.68	(9.80~67.50)30.78	(10.40~76.50)45.50	(9.90~28.80)18.65	(0.98~6.66)4.14
总计	(8.70~68.70)36.70	(9.80~69.70)40.33	(10.40~76.50)30.19	(9.90~34.60)24.62	(0.98~6.66)3.35

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表 3 昭通国家级页岩气示范区太阳区块龙马溪组龙一₁亚段页岩气压力系数

Table 3. Pressure coefficient of shale gas in S₁l₁ in Taiyang block of Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone

井号	井深/m	压力系数(测井)
T5	948~973	1.20
T4	740~780	1.46
T2	1 051~1 689	1.40
T7	1 633~1 693	1.40
注：数据引自文献[12, 19]。

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