准噶尔盆地彩南地区天然气干燥系数异常高原因分析

李二庭; 靳蕊含; 刘向军; 李际; 张宇; 胡文瑄; 王海静

doi:10.11781/sysydz202302347

准噶尔盆地彩南地区天然气干燥系数异常高原因分析

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202302347

1.
中国石油新疆油田分公司实验检测研究院, 新疆克拉玛依 834000
2.
浙江大学生命科学学院, 杭州 310058
3.
南京大学地球科学与工程学院, 南京 210003

基金项目:

国家油气重大专项"准噶尔前陆冲断带油气成藏、关键勘探技术及新领域目标优选" 2016ZX05003-005

详细信息

作者简介:
李二庭(1988-), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 从事油气地球化学研究。E-mail: lierting@petrochina.com.cn

中图分类号: TE122.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-15
- 修回日期: 2023-02-03
- 刊出日期: 2023-03-28

Reason for abnormally high drying coefficient of natural gas in Cainan area, Junggar Basin

1.
Research Institute of Experiment and Testing, Xinjiang Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, China
2.
College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
3.
School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, China

摘要

摘要: 为明确准噶尔盆地彩南地区天然气干燥系数普遍偏高的原因，厘清天然气运移成藏规律，开展了天然气组分和碳同位素、储层中岩石矿物组成、方解石全岩碳氧同位素分析以及实验室烃类氧化模拟实验。该区侏罗系天然气以甲烷为主，干燥系数普遍大于0.95，δ¹³C₁值基本大于-32‰，C₇轻烃中以甲基环己烷占优势，甲基环己烷指数大于50%，指示来源于高—过成熟石炭系烃源岩。从天然气运移判识指标ln（C₁/C₂）与δ¹³C₁-δ¹³C₂图版来看，从彩47井区—彩31井区—彩003井，ln（C₁/C₂）值逐渐增大，但δ¹³C₁-δ¹³C₂值并未呈现变小或变大趋势，说明运移或成熟度并不是研究区天然气组分与碳同位素变化的主控因素。烃类热氧化模拟实验显示，油气中醇类在125℃时会被MnO₂氧化生成甲烷和二氧化碳，当温度达到200℃时才能氧化甲烷生成CO₂，从而改变油气的组成，造成天然气中甲烷含量增高。运用背散射电子探针技术，发现研究区侏罗系干气层段具有两类方解石，其中一类方解石中Mn含量较高，Mn含量可高达3%，在阴极发光下呈现亮橘红色、橘黄色特征，且方解石全岩碳同位素负偏，较正常方解石全岩碳同位素负偏5‰~10‰，随着方解石Mn含量越高，其全岩碳同位素越负，证实该区侏罗系干气层段存在普遍的弱烃类氧化作用。彩南地区侏罗系天然气干燥系数异常高的原因是腐植型烃源岩经过高成熟—过成熟演化后，在富含氧化性矿物的侏罗系储层中聚集成藏，后遭受烃类氧化作用，甲烷含量进一步增加，造成天然气干燥系数普遍偏高。
- 干燥系数 /
- 天然气 /
- 热氧化 /
- 碳氧同位素 /
- 侏罗系 /
- 彩南地区 /
- 准噶尔盆地
Abstract: In order to clarify the reason for generally high drying coefficient of natural gas in Cainan area of the Junggar Basin and find out the law of natural gas migration and accumulation, the analysis of natural gas components and carbon isotopes, rock mineral composition in reservoir, bulk carbon and oxygen isotope of calcite, and laboratory hydrocarbon oxidation simulation experiments were carried out. The Jurassic natural gas in Cainan area is dominated by methane, with drying coefficient of generally greater than 0.95, and δ¹³C₁ value of basically greater than -32‰. Among C₇ light hydrocarbons, methylcyclohexane is dominant, with methylcyclohexane index of greater than 50%, indicating that natural gas in the study area came from high-over mature Carboniferous source rocks. Judging from natural gas migration identification index of ln(C₁/C₂) with δ¹³C₁-δ¹³C₂, from well block Cai-47 to well block Cai-31, and then to well block Cai-003, ln(C₁/C₂) values gradually increased, but δ¹³C₁-δ¹³C₂ values did not show a trend of decreasing or increasing, indicating that migration or maturity is not the main controlling factor for the changes of natural gas composition and carbon isotope in the study area. Hydrocarbon thermal oxidation simulation experiments showed that alcohols in oil and gas were oxidized by MnO₂ to generate methane and carbon dioxide at 125℃, and methane could only be oxidized to generate CO₂ when the temperature reached 200℃, thus changing the composition of oil and gas and increasing methane content in natural gas. Using backscattered electron probe technology, it was found that there are two types of calcite in Jurassic dry gas interval in the study area. One type of calcite has a high Mn content, which can be as high as 3%. It appears bright orange and orange under cathodoluminescence. In addition, the bulk carbon isotope of calcite is negatively biased, which is 5‰-10‰ more negative than that of normal calcite. The higher content of Mn in calcite, the more negative of bulk carbon isotope, confirming that there is widespread weak oxidation of hydrocarbons in the Jurassic dry gas interval in Cainan area. Comprehensive analysis suggested that the reason for abnormally high drying coefficient of Jurassic natural gas in Cainan area is that the humic source rocks have undergone high-over mature evolution to generate natural gas that accumulated in Jurassic reservoirs rich in oxidizing minerals. Then the oxidation of hydrocarbons caused methane content in natural gas to increase further, resulting in a generally high drying coefficient of natural gas.
- drying coefficient /
- natural gas /
- thermal oxidation /
- carbon and oxygen isotope /
- Jurassic /
- Cainan area /
- Junggar Basin

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图 1 准噶尔盆地彩南地区位置及井位分布

Figure 1. Location and well distribution of Cainan area, Junggar Basin

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图 2 准噶尔盆地彩南地区及滴南凸起天然气地球化学特征

Figure 2. Geochemical characteristics of natural gas in Cainan area and Dinan swell, Junggar Basin

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图 3 准噶尔盆地彩南地区及滴南凸起天然气C₇轻烃组成特征

Figure 3. Characteristics of C₇ light hydrocarbon composition of natural gas in Cainan area and Dinan swell, Junggar Basin

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图 4 准噶尔盆地彩南地区及滴南凸起天然气甲烷碳同位素与干燥系数关系

Figure 4. Relationship between methane carbon isotope and drying coefficient of natural gas in Cainan area and Dinan swell, Junggar Basin

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图 5 准噶尔盆地彩南地区不同区块天然气组成特征

Figure 5. Composition of natural gas from different blocks in Cainan area, Junggar Basin

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图 6 MnO₂-CH₄-H₂O热氧化体系在不同温度下的气体产物拉曼谱图特征

Figure 6. Raman spectra of gas products of MnO₂-CH₄-H₂O thermal oxidation system at different temperatures

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图 7 MnO₂-C₁₃H₂₈-H₂O热氧化体系在不同温度下的气体产物拉曼谱图特征

Figure 7. Raman spectra of gas products of MnO₂-C₁₃H₂₈-H₂O thermal oxidation system at different temperatures

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 MnO₂-C₂H₅OH-H₂O热氧化体系在不同温度下的气体产物拉曼谱图特征

Figure 8. Raman spectra of gas products of MnO₂-C₂H₅OH-H₂O thermal oxidation system at different temperatures

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 准噶尔盆地彩南地区侏罗系与玛湖地区百口泉组储层方解石全岩碳氧同位素分布

Figure 9. Bulk carbon and oxygen isotopic distribution of calcite in Jurassic reservoir in Cainan area and Baikouquan Formation reservoir in Mahu area, Junggar Basin

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图 10 准噶尔盆地彩南地区侏罗系储层方解石背散射成像特征

图a为彩17井，图b为彩502井其中1、2、5、6为亮度较高区域，3、4为亮度低区域

Figure 10. Backscatter imaging characteristics of calcite in Jurassic reservoirs in Cainan area, Junggar Basin

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图 11 准噶尔盆地彩南地区彩9井侏罗系储层方解石的阴极发光特征

Ⅰ为正常方解石；Ⅱ为烃类氧化形成的方解石

Figure 11. Cathodoluminescence characteristics of calcite in Jurassic reservoir of well Cai-9 in Cainan area, Junggar Basin

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