致密储层中石油充注特征的在线显微成像研究

江文滨; 林缅; 姬莉莉; 曹高辉; 张立宽; 窦文超; 郑思平; 陈卓; 邱鑫

doi:10.11781/sysydz202302366

致密储层中石油充注特征的在线显微成像研究

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202302366

江文滨^{1, 2,},
林缅^{1, 2, ,},
姬莉莉^{1, 2},
曹高辉¹,
张立宽³,
窦文超¹,
郑思平^{1, 2},
陈卓^{1, 2},
邱鑫^{1, 2}

1.
中国科学院力学研究所流固耦合系统力学重点实验室, 北京 100190
2.
中国科学院大学工程科学学院, 北京 100190
3.
中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所油气资源研究重点实验室, 北京 100029

基金项目:

中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项 XDA14010304

国家自然科学基金项目 42030808

国家自然科学基金项目 41690132

国家自然科学基金项目 41872163

中国科学院仪器设备功能开发技术创新项目 2020BA19

详细信息

作者简介:
江文滨(1984-), 男, 博士, 副研究员, 从事非常规油气赋存与渗流研究。E-mail: jiangwenbin@imech.ac.cn

通讯作者:
林缅(1960-), 女, 博士, 研究员, 从事非常规油气跨尺度输运问题研究。E-mail: linmian@imech.ac.cn

中图分类号: TE122.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-16
- 修回日期: 2023-01-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-03-28

On-line microscopic imaging investigation on oil charging characteristics in tight reservoirs

JIANG Wenbin^{1, 2
,},
LIN Mian^{1, 2
, ,},
JI Lili^{1, 2},
CAO Gaohui¹,
ZHANG Likuan³,
DOU Wenchao¹,
ZHENG Siping^{1, 2},
CHEN Zhuo^{1, 2},
QIU Xin^{1, 2}

1.
Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2.
School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources Research, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China

摘要

摘要: 致密储层岩石渗透率低，储集空间受其微纳米级孔隙控制，毛管力作用显著增强。认识油气的微观充注特征是分析运聚成藏的基础。利用自研的岩心流体驱替在线三维显微成像系统，开展致密储层样品油充注过程观测，提出样品整体和孔隙两级的含油特征综合定量分析方法。以相同流程的驱替在线核磁共振测试为对照，揭示不同时刻在线二维直接数字化摄影（Digital Radiography，DR）的平均差值，可用于评价样品整体含油量变化；基于高精度孔隙网络抽提的孔隙级流体饱和度计算方法，实现了图像可分辨的孔隙与孔喉油充注程度的定量评价。通过多层次数据、不同方法的组合，可满足不同研究对动态特征捕捉、孔隙分辨能力及成像视野等差异化需要。分析结果表明，鄂尔多斯盆地不同致密储层两块岩石样品的含油饱和度随注油量的增加，均呈现开始上升较快、后期减缓的特点；相同注入流速下，相对高渗样品油充注初期含油饱和度上升速度更快，最终含油饱和度较高；随着注油量的增加，较高渗样品的大孔隙含油饱和度持续增加，低渗样品大孔隙的含油饱和度呈U形变化，表现出油、水反复占据孔隙的特点。
- 在线显微成像 /
- 油充注 /
- 直接数字化摄影 /
- 孔隙网络 /
- 致密储层
Abstract: The reservoir space of tight reservoir with low-permeability is controlled by micro and nano scale pores, making the influence of capillary force significantly enhanced. Therefore, understanding the microscopic charging characteristics of oil and gas is the basis for analyzing the migration and accumulation of reservoirs. In this paper, the self-developed on-line three-dimensional microscopic imaging system for core fluid displacement is used to observe the oil charging process of two tight reservoir samples, and core-level and pore-level quantitative analysis methods for oil content characteristics are proposed. Taking the on-line nuclear magnetic resonance testing with the same process of displacement as a contrast, it is revealed that the average difference of on-line 2D DR (Digital Radiography) images at different times can be used to evaluate the overall oil content change of the sample. The calculation method of pore level fluid saturation based on high-precision pore network extraction algorithm realizes the quantitative evaluation of oil charging degree of the CT resolved pores and pore throats. The combination of multi-level data and different methods can meet the different needs of different researches on dynamic feature capture, pore resolution and imaging field of vision. The analysis results show that the oil saturation of two rock samples from different tight reservoirs in the Ordos Basin increases rapidly at the beginning and slows down later with oil injection increasing. At the same injection flow rate, the oil saturation of the sample with higher permeability increases faster at the initial oil charging stage, making its final oil saturation higher. With the increase of oil injection, the oil saturation of macropores in the sample with higher permeability continuously increases, while that of macropores in the sample with lower permeability shows a U-shaped change, showing the characte-ristics of repeated occupation of pores by oil and water.
- on-line microscopic imaging /
- oil charging /
- Digital Radiography(DR) /
- pore network /
- tight reservoir

HTML全文

图 1 岩心流体驱替在线显微成像系统示意

Figure 1. Diagram of core fluid flooding on-line microscopic imaging system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 岩心流体驱替在线三维显微成像系统

a.驱替模块; b.安装于微米CT内部转台上的非金属夹持器; c.微米CT外部

Figure 2. Core fluid flooding on-line three-dimensional microscopic imaging system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 孔隙级流体饱和度定量分析流程

Figure 3. Flow chart of quantitative analysis of pore-level fluid saturation

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图 4 致密储层油充注实验样品铸体薄片镜下(单偏光)特征

Figure 4. Microscopic (monopolarized) characteristics of casting thin sections of the tested samples

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图 5 致密储层油充注实验样品的核磁共振T₂谱

Figure 5. Nuclear magnetic resonance T₂ spectrums of the tested samples

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图 6 致密储层油充注实验样品油充注过程的压力、流量曲线

Figure 6. Curves of pressure and flux during oil charging of the tested samples

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图 7 致密储层油充注实验样品JT403油充注在线DR图像分析

Figure 7. Analysis of on-line DR images of the JT403 sample during oil charging

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图 8 致密储层油充注实验样品JT403充注前后三维数字岩心及充注后三维差值图像

a. 静态三维数字岩心; b. 注入0.79 PV油三维数字岩心; c. 注入9.10 PV油三维数字岩心; d. 注入0.79 PV油差值图像; e. 注入9.10 PV油差值图像

Figure 8. 3D digital core and 3D differential CT images of different steps of the JT403 sample during oil charging

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图 9 不同充注步的样品横截面灰度图像

a.未饱和KI溶液；b.饱和KI溶液后；c.油充注后；d.孔隙两相流体划分

Figure 9. Cross-sectional gray scale images of different steps

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图 10 JT403样品静态孔隙网络和不同充注步的孔隙级含油饱和度

Figure 10. Static pore network and pore-level oil saturation of different charging steps of the JT403 sample

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图 11 0.1 mL/min注入流速下实验样品JT403(a)和Y4(b)含油饱和度随注油量变化

Figure 11. Variations of oil saturation with oil charging volume of the JT403 sample (a) and Y4 sample (b) with a injection rate of 0.1 mL/min

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图 12 样品JT403(a)和Y4(b)最后充注步的孔隙与孔喉数量、孔隙体积占比及含油饱和度—孔径分布

Figure 12. Number, volume fraction, oil saturation vs. pore/throat radius distribution of the last charging step of the JT403 (a) and Y4 (b) samples

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图 13 样品JT403(a，b)和Y4(c，d)不同充注步、不同孔径区间孔隙的含油增量及含油饱和度变化

Figure 13. Variation of incremental oil amount (a, c) and oil saturation (b, d) in different pore radius ranges of the JT403 (a, b) and Y4 (c, d) samples during charging

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图 14 实验样品JT403主要孔隙簇(a及最大孔隙体(b)的油水两相分布)

Figure 14. Distribution of oil and water in the main pore clusters (a) and largest pore body (b) of the JT403 sample

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 致密储层油充注实验样品的孔隙度、渗透率以及薄片鉴定结果

Table 1. Porosity, permeability and thin section identification results of the tested samples

样品	孔隙度/%	孔隙体积/mL	渗透率/10^-3 μm²	矿物含量/%
样品	孔隙度/%	孔隙体积/mL	渗透率/10^-3 μm²	石英	长石	塑性岩屑	刚性岩屑	云母	石英胶结	黏土胶结	面孔率
JT403	13.93	2.77	33.36	41.2	6	2.0	20.0	1.2	4.8	6.8	18.0
Y4	10.86	2.22	1.47	33.6	18	7.2	12.8	10.0	3.2	3.6	11.6
注：孔隙度由氦气孔隙度测定方法测定；渗透率为洗油后氦气脉冲法所测，孔压为150 kPa，净围压为3 000 kPa。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 致密储层油充注实验样品采用的油充注步骤

Table 2. Steps of oil charging for the tested samples

步骤	样品JT403		样品Y4
步骤	注入流速/(mL·min^-1)	样品累积注油量/PV	注入流速/(mL·min^-1)	样品累积注油量/PV
1	0.1	0.07	0.1	0.09
2	0.1	0.79	0.1	0.99
3	0.1	1.52	0.1	1.89
4	0.1	4.12	0.1	3.69
5	1.0	9.10	0.1	12.70

下载: 导出CSV

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