鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段致密油储层孔隙发育特征及其主控因素

王良军; 岳欣欣; 李连生; 王延鹏

doi:10.11781/sysydz2024061135

鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段致密油储层孔隙发育特征及其主控因素

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2024061135

1.
中国石化河南油田分公司, 河南南阳 473132
2.
中国石化河南油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 河南南阳 473132

基金项目:

中国石化科技开发部项目“中西部三大叠合盆地及周缘资源评价” P23244

详细信息

作者简介:
王良军(1972—),男,正高级工程师,从事油气地质研究与勘探目标评价工作。E-mail:wanglj389.hnyt@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 105
- HTML全文浏览量: 19
- PDF下载量: 25
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-18
- 修回日期: 2024-10-11
- 刊出日期: 2024-11-28

Pore development characteristics and main controlling factors of tight oil reservoir in the seventh member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

1.
Henan Oilfield Branch Company, SINOPEC, Nanyang, Henan 473132, China
2.
Exploration and Development Research Institute, Henan Oilfield Branch Company, SINOPEC, Nanyang, Henan 473132, China

摘要

摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段为典型的致密油储层，具有低孔、低渗、非均质性强等特征，明确储层孔隙发育特征及其主控因素，有利于致密油的勘探与开发。通过岩石薄片、物性、扫描电镜、X衍射分析、压汞等实验，深入研究了致密油储层的岩石学特征、储集空间、成岩演化等储层发育特征，并揭示其主控因素。鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区延长组7段储层埋深在500~1 250 m，岩性以岩屑长石砂岩为主，其次为长石岩屑砂岩，填隙物以方解石、白云石和泥质杂基为主；研究区储层砂体厚度大，成分成熟度高，骨架颗粒中抗风化能力较强的石英和长石等刚性矿物含量高，石英含量在30%~77%之间，平均为44.97%，长石含量在4%~52%之间，平均为31.61%；孔隙类型以粒间溶孔和颗粒溶孔为主，其次为残余粒间孔，少数为微裂缝，平均孔隙度为7.3%，平均渗透率为0.4×10^-3 μm²。储层成岩阶段处于中成岩A期，在白垩纪完成了致密化，较差的抗压实能力、碳酸盐胶结作用、伊/蒙混层、自生石英为储层致密化的主要原因；较高的石英和长石含量、早期油气充注保存了大量原生孔隙，中成岩期持续的溶蚀作用和破碎作用为次生孔隙发育的主要原因。
- 致密砂岩 /
- 储层特征 /
- 致密化 /
- 主控因素 /
- 延长组 /
- 旬宜地区 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地
Abstract: The seventh member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation (Chang 7 Member) in the Xunyi area of the Ordos Basin is a typical tight oil reservoir characterized by low porosity, low permeability, and strong heterogeneity. Elucidating the pore development characteristics and primary controlling factors of the reservoir is beneficial for tight oil exploration and development. Through thin-section analysis, physical property tests, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and mercury intrusion porosimetry, this study investigated the petrological characteristics, reservoir space, and diagenetic evolution of the tight oil reservoir, revealing its main controlling factors. The reservoir depth in Chang 7 Member of the Xunyi area of the Ordos Basin ranged from 500 to 1 250 m. The lithology was primarily composed of lithic arkose sandstone, followed by feldspar lithic sandstone, with the interstitial materials mainly consisting of calcite, dolomite, and mud. The sand bodies in the reservoir were thick, with high compositional maturity. Rigid minerals, such as quartz and feldspar, which are highly resistant to weathering, made up a large portion of the framework grains. The quartz content ranged from 30% to 77%, with an average of 44.97%, while the feldspar content ranged from 4% to 52%, with an average of 31.61%. The pore types were mostly intergranular dissolved pores and intragranular dissolved pores, followed by residual intergranular pores and a few microfractures. The average porosity was 7.3%, and the average permeability was 0.4×10^-3 μm². The reservoir is in the middle diagenetic stage A and has completed tight compaction during the Cretaceous. The primary factors contributing to reservoir densification included its poor resistance to compaction, carbonate cementation, illite/smectite mixed layers, and authigenic quartz. The quartz and feldspar content and early oil and gas charging preserved a significant quantity of primary pores. The ongoing dissolution and fragmentation during the middle diagenetic stage were the primary causes for the development of secondary pores.
- tight sandstone /
- reservoir characteristics /
- densification /
- main controlling factors /
- Yanchang Formation /
- Xunyi area /
- Ordos Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

王良军、李连生参与实验设计；岳欣欣、王延鹏完成实验操作；王良军、岳欣欣、李连生、王延鹏参与论文写作和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The study was designed by WANG Liangjun and LI Liansheng. The experimental operation was completed by YUE Xinxin and WANG Yanpeng. The manuscript was drafted and revised by WANG Liangjun, YUE Xinxin, LI Liansheng, and WANG Yanpeng. All authors have read the last version of the paper and consented to its submission.

HTML全文

图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段沉积相(a)及延长组综合柱状图(b)

Figure 1. Sedimentary facies of 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Xunyi area, Ordos Basin (a) and comprehensive stratigraphic columns of Yanchang Formation (b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段碎屑岩储层岩石类型三角图

Figure 2. Ternary diagram of rock types in clastic reservoirs of 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段不同沉积类型储层孔隙度(a)、渗透率(b)与埋藏深度关系

Figure 3. Relationship between porosity (a), permeability (b), and burial depth of different sedimentary reservoir types of 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段孔隙度与渗透率交会图

Figure 4. Cross-plots of porosity and permeability of 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段碎屑岩储层孔隙类型

a.WB67井，1 177.44 m，长7³亚段，以残余粒间孔、粒间溶孔为主，铸体薄片，单偏光；b.WB4井，1 029.12 m，长7¹亚段，以粒间溶孔为主，其次为颗粒溶孔，铸体薄片，单偏光；c.WB36井，650.6 m，长7³亚段，以粒间溶孔为主，其次为残余粒间孔，铸体薄片，单偏光；d.WB56井，781.56 m，长7¹亚段，以粒间溶孔为主，其次为残余粒间孔，铸体薄片，单偏光；e.WB22井，1 157.38 m，长7¹亚段，以粒间溶孔、颗粒溶孔为主，铸体薄片，单偏光；f.WB22井，1 201.4 m，长7³亚段，以残余粒间孔为主，少数颗粒溶孔，铸体薄片，单偏光；g.WB22井，1 120.18 m，长7¹亚段，长石颗粒溶孔，扫描电镜；h.WB22井，1 199.75 m，长7³亚段，微裂缝特征，普通薄片，单偏光；i.WB4井，1 028.9 m，长7¹亚段，微裂缝特征，少数颗粒破碎，普通薄片，单偏光。

Figure 5. Pore types in clastic reservoirs of 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段不同孔隙类型面孔率

Figure 6. Surface porosity of different pore types in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段不同沉积类型储层压汞曲线

Figure 7. Mercury intrusion curves of different sedimentary reservoir types in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段不同岩石类型长石、石英含量与物性关系

Figure 8. Relationship between feldspar and quartz contents and physical properties of different rock types in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段碎屑岩储层粒间自生矿物及有机质特征

a.WB21井, 1 119.085 m, 长7¹亚段，粒间碳酸盐矿物两期充填，一期为普通方解石，发亮黄色光，二期为含铁方解石，发橘黄色光，阴极发光薄片；b.WB67井，1 178.075 m, 长7³亚段，粒间碳酸盐矿物两期充填，一期为含铁方解石，发橘黄色光，二期为铁方解石，发橘红色光，阴极发光薄片；c.WB22井，1 155.06 m, 长7¹亚段，自生石英充填粒间孔隙，扫描电镜；d.WB22井，1 122 m，长7¹亚段，绿泥石抑制自生石英生长，扫描电镜；e.WB4井，1 032.96 m, 长7¹亚段，伊/蒙混层在粒间充填，扫描电镜；f.WB5井，861.1 m, 长7²亚段，高岭石在粒间充填，扫描电镜；g.WB22井，1 201.4 m，长7²亚段，早期油气在粒间孔边缘形成保护膜，普通薄片，单偏光；h.WB4井，长7¹亚段，1 028.00 m，两期油质沥青，均分布在粒间，第一期发亮黄色光，第二期发蓝灰色光，荧光薄片；i.WB36井，长7³亚段，642.28 m，两期油质沥青，均分布在粒间，第一期发亮黄色光，第二期发蓝灰色光，荧光薄片。

Figure 9. Characteristics of intergranular authigenic minerals and organic matters in clastic reservoirs in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段储层减孔评价

Figure 10. Porosity reduction evaluation of reservoirs in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段储层致密化与油气成藏时间的关系

Figure 11. Relationship between reservoir densification and oil and gas accumulation timing in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段碎屑岩储层压汞分析孔隙结构特征

Table 1. Mercury intrusion analysis of pore structure characteristics in clastic reservoirs of 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

岩石类型	沉积微相	平均孔隙度/%	平均渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	平均中值压力/MPa	平均孔喉半径/μm	平均最大进汞饱和度/%	样品数量
岩屑长石砂岩	砂质碎屑流	10.04	0.940	10.25	0.670	91.79	24
长石岩屑砂岩	浊积砂	6.45	0.050	35.77	0.031	79.35	25
长石岩屑砂岩	分流河道	7.20	0.016	28.50	0.052	75.56	12

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区三叠系延长组7段不同沉积类型砂岩孔隙度、渗透率与成分特征

Table 2. Characteristics of porosity, permeability, and composition of different sedimentary sandstone types in 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation, Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

沉积微相	平均孔隙度/%	平均渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	矿物含量/%								样品数量
沉积微相	平均孔隙度/%	平均渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	石英	钾长石	斜长石	岩屑	云母	黏土	方解石	白云石	样品数量
砂质碎屑流	7.76	0.534	40.59	19.56	17.29	16.89	3.15	10.00	5.88	1.88	209
浊积砂	6.85	0.086	53.12	14.44	6.27	19.64	4.45	4.27	2.39	5.45	150
分流河道	5.81	0.085	41.86	11.57	4.14	34.47	4.36	4.07	4.79	4.93	15

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(18)

[1]	李荣西, 段立志, 张少妮, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地低渗透油气藏形成研究现状与展望[J]. 地球科学与环境学报, 2011, 33(4): 364-372. LI Rongxi, DUAN Lizhi, ZHANG Shaoni, et al. Review on oil/gas accumulation with low permeability in Ordos Basin[J]. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment, 2011, 33(4): 364-372.
[2]	郭秋麟, 武娜, 陈宁生, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组第7油层组致密油资源评价[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(6): 658-665. GUO Qiulin. WU Na. CHEN Ningsheng, et al. An assessment of tight oil resource in 7th oil reservoirs of Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(6): 658-665.
[3]	何浩男, 赵卫卫, 王汇智, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组长7致密油成藏机制及主控因素[J]. 非常规油气, 2019, 6(3): 33-40. HE Haonan, ZHAO Weiwei, WANG Huizhi, et al. Mechanism of hydrocarbon accumulation formation and main controlling factors in Chang-7 tight oil of Yanchang Formation, southeastern Ordos Basin[J]. Unconventional Oil & Gas, 2019, 6(3): 33-40.
[4]	张启贤, 王红亮. 鄂尔多斯东南部延长组致密油储层微观特征及主控因素[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2016, 16(34): 52-63. ZHANG Qixian, WANG Hongliang. Microscopic characteristics and main controlling factors of tight oil reservoir of Yanchang Formation in southeastern Ordos Basin, China[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2016, 16(34): 52-63.
[5]	齐亚林, 赵彦德, 王克, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬与黄陵地区长8段储层主控因素研究[J]. 石油实验地质, 2015, 37(3): 334-340. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201503334 QI Yalin, ZHAO Yande, WANG Ke, et al. Reservoir main controlling factors of Chang8 sandstones in Jiyuan and Huangling areas, Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2015, 37(3): 334-340. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201503334
[6]	姚泾利, 邓秀芹, 赵彦德, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密油特征[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2013, 40(2): 150-158. YAO Jingli, DENG Xiuqin, ZHAO Yande, et al. Characteristics of tight oil in Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2013, 40(2): 150-158.
[7]	祝海华, 钟大康, 姚泾利, 等. 鄂尔多斯西南地区长7段致密油储层微观特征及成因机理[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2014, 43(5): 853-863. ZHU Haihua, ZHONG Dakang, YAO Jingli, et al. Microscopic characteristics and formation mechanism of Upper Triassic Chang 7 tight oil reservoir in the southwest Ordos Basin[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2014, 43(5): 853-863.
[8]	白金莉, 李文厚, 刘江斌, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地旬邑地区长8段沉积储层特征[J]. 地质科学, 2022, 57(1): 88-99. BAI Jinli, LI Wenhou, LIU Jiangbin, et al. The characteristics of sedimentary facies and reservoir of the Chang 8 member in Xunyi area, Ordos Basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 2022, 57(1): 88-99.
[9]	李威, 文志刚, 窦立荣, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地西南地区油气富集与储层演化史[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(6): 920-929. LI Wei, WEN Zhigang, DOU Lirong, et al. Coupling relationship between tight oil and gas accumulation and compacting history in southwestern Ordos Basin, China[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2017, 28(6): 920-929.
[10]	周新平, 何青, 刘江艳, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组7段深水碎屑流沉积特征及成因[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(5): 1063-1077. ZHOU Xinping, HE Qing, LIU Jiangyan, et al. Features and origin of deep-water debris flow deposits in the Triassic Chang 7 Member, Ordos Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(5): 1063-1077.
[11]	张家强, 李士祥, 李宏伟, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组7油层组湖盆远端重力流沉积与深水油气勘探: 以城页水平井区长7₃小层为例[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(5): 570-587. ZHANG Jiaqiang, LI Shixiang, LI Hongwei, et al. Gravity flow deposits in the distal lacustrine basin of the 7th reservoir group of Yanchang Formation and deepwater oil and gas exploration in Ordos Basin: a case study of Chang 7₃ sublayer of Chengye horizontal well region[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(5): 570-587.
[12]	杨希濮, 孙卫. 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区致密砂岩气藏"甜点"储层主控因素分析[J]. 地质科技情报, 2016, 35(6): 138-143. YANG Xipu, SUN Wei. Major controlling factor of tight sandstone gas sweat reservoir in Yan'an area of Ordos Basin[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2016, 35(6): 138-143.
[13]	牟蜚声, 尹相东, 胡琮, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区三叠系长7段致密油分布特征及控制因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(4): 71-84. MOU Feisheng, YIN Xiangdong, HU Cong, et al. Distribution characteristics and controlling factors of tight oil of Triassic Chang 7 member in northern Shaanxi area, Ordos Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(4): 71-84.
[14]	BEARD D C, WEYL P K. Influence of texture on porosity and permeability of unconsolidated sand[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1973, 57(2): 349-369.
[15]	龚建涛, 白艳军, 陈西泮, 等. 伊陕斜坡胡尖山区块长7段储层特征及主控因素分析[J]. 能源与环保, 2024, 46(6): 126-133. GONG Jiantao, BAI Yanjun, CHEN Xipan, et al. Analysis of reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of Chang 7 Member in Hujianshan block of Yishan Slope[J]. China Energy and Environmental Protection, 2024, 46(6): 126-133.
[16]	钟大康, 祝海华, 孙海涛, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组砂岩成岩作用及孔隙演化[J]. 地学前缘, 2013, 20(2): 61-68. ZHONG Dakang, ZHU Haihua, SUN Haitao, et al. Diagenesis and porosity evolution of sandstones in Longdong area, Ordos Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2013, 20(2): 61-68.
[17]	谢芸雅, 刘显凤, 王健, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区延长组长7段致密油储层特征及其主控因素[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2022, 42(3): 149-159. XIE Yunya, LIU Xianfeng, WANG Jian, et al. Characteristics and main controlling factors of tight oil reservoirs in Chang 7 Member of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, north Shaanxi[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2022, 42(3): 149-159.
[18]	常思远, 陈冬霞, 汪成, 等. 深层储层原生孔隙成岩作用保存机制及模式: 以珠江口盆地惠州凹陷南部恩平组和文昌组为例[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2022, 46(2): 72-85. CHANG Siyuan, CHEN Dongxia, WANG Cheng, et al. Preservation mechanism and model of primary pore diagenesis in deep reservoirs: taking the Enping Formation and Wenchang Formation in the south of Huizhou Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin as examples[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2022, 46(2): 72-85.