封闭体系下烃源岩热模拟实验固体渣样总有机碳含量异常成因及意义

仓辉; 陈治军; 杨东; 陈义国; 韩长春; 李子梁; 陈玲玲

doi:10.11781/sysydz2024061275

封闭体系下烃源岩热模拟实验固体渣样总有机碳含量异常成因及意义

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2024061275

仓辉^1,,
陈治军^{1, 2, ,},
杨东³,
陈义国¹,
韩长春¹,
李子梁¹,
陈玲玲¹

1.
陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院, 西安 710075
2.
长江大学资源与环境学院, 武汉 430100
3.
中国石油渤海钻探工程有限公司井下作业分公司, 河北任丘 062552

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 42272160

国家自然科学基金项目 41872144

陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司科技攻关项目 ycsy2018ky-A-04

陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司科技攻关项目 ycsy2020jcyjB-03

详细信息

作者简介:
仓辉(1968—), 男, 高级工程师, 从事油气勘探开发综合地质研究。E-mail: 1229593663@qq.com

通讯作者:
陈治军(1980—), 男, 博士生, 正高级工程师, 从事油气地球化学研究。E-mail: 32952030@qq.com

中图分类号: TE122.1
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- 文章访问数: 55
- HTML全文浏览量: 14
- PDF下载量: 10
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-09
- 修回日期: 2024-09-27
- 刊出日期: 2024-11-28

Causes and geochemical significance of total organic carbon anomaly in solid residue samples from source rock pyrolysis simulation experiments in a closed system

1.
Research Institute of Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, China
2.
College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, Hubei 430100, China
3.
Downhole Services Company of CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Renqiu, Hebei 062552, China

摘要

摘要: 自然演化条件下，烃源岩总有机碳(TOC)含量通常随着成熟度的增加而持续降低；但在封闭体系热模拟实验的晚期阶段，固体渣样的TOC呈现“不减反增”的异常现象。基于银根—额济纳旗盆地中生界湖相烃源岩样品的热模拟实验等相关测试资料，分析TOC异常变化成因，探讨了其地球化学意义。研究认为，造成这种异常现象的原因与原油二次裂解有关。由于热模拟为封闭体系，早期生成的原油因无法排出而滞留在反应釜内，随着热模拟温度的增加，原油开始大规模裂解，原油转化成气态烃的同时产生焦沥青，“不可溶”的焦沥青附着在固体渣样上导致TOC增大。该研究还建立了一种确定不同类型烃源岩所生油裂解气主生气门限的方法，即基于封闭热模拟实验固体渣样的TOC变化曲线来确定油裂解气主生气门限，因为焦沥青的大量生成会导致固体渣样TOC的增加，也是原油开始大规模裂解生气的重要标志。这种方法解决了现有方法的不足，如在厘定主生气门限时存在不可避免的人为误差、无法对混源油开展更为深入研究等。
- 热模拟实验 /
- 焦沥青 /
- 油裂解气主生气门限 /
- 总有机碳含量 /
- 热模拟固体渣样 /
- 烃源岩
Abstract: Under natural evolution, the total organic carbon (TOC) content of source rocks typically decreases as maturity increases. However, in later stages of pyrolysis simulation experiments conducted in a closed system, the TOC content of solid residue samples would anomalously increase instead of decreasing. By analyzing data from pyrolysis simulation experiments on lacustrine source rock samples from the Mesozoic Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin, the causes of this TOC content anomaly were investigated, and its geochemical significance was explored. The results suggested that this anomaly was related to secondary cracking of crude oil. In the closed system of the experiments, early-formed crude oil was trapped in the reactor, unable to be discharged. As the temperature increased, large-scale oil cracking occurred, converting it into gaseous hydrocarbons and generating pyrobitumen. The insoluble pyrobitumen adhered to the solid residue samples, resulting in an increase of TOC content. Based on TOC variation curve of solid residue samples from the pyrolysis simulation experiments, a new method was established to determine the main gas generation threshold for oil cracking in different types of source rocks. The significant amount of pyrobitumen generated, accompanied by an increase in TOC content, indicated the onset of large-scale oil cracking and gas generation. This method overcomes the shortcomings of existing methods, such as inevitable human errors in determining the main gas generation threshold and the inability to conduct more in-depth study on mixed-source oils.
- pyrolysis simulation experiment /
- pyrobitumen /
- main oil cracking gas generation threshold /
- total organic carbon content /
- pyrolysis simulation solid residue samples /
- source rock
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

作者陈治军是本刊青年编委会成员, 未参与本文的同行评审或决策。

Author CHEN Zhijun is a Young Editorial Board Member of this journal, and he did not take part in the peer review or decision-making of this article.

作者贡献/Authors'Contributions

仓辉负责研究思路制定；李子梁负责样品测试分析及数据整理；陈治军负责烃源岩热模拟实验固体渣样总有机碳含量异常成因分析；仓辉负责建立确定油裂解气主生气门限的方法；陈治军负责论文编写和修改；杨东、陈玲玲负责图件绘制；陈义国、韩长春负责稿件校对。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

This study was designed by CANG Hui. Sample analysis and data organization were completed by LI Ziliang. Causes of total organic carbon anomaly in solid residue samples from the source rock pyrolysis simulation experiments were studied by CHEN Zhijun. The method for determining the main cracking gas generation threshold of cracking oil in different types of source rocks was established by CANG Hui. The manuscript was drafted and revised by CHEN Zhijun. Figures were drawn by YANG Dong and CHEN Lingling. The manuscript was proofread by CHEN Yiguo and HAN Changchun. All authors have read the last version of the paper and consented to its submission.

HTML全文

图 1 银根—额济纳旗盆地构造单元划分(a)和地层综合柱状图(b)

底图来源于自然资源部标准地图服务系统，审图号为GS(2022)1873号。

Figure 1. Structural unit division (a) and comprehensive stratigraphic histogram (b) of Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 银根—额济纳旗盆地烃源岩热模拟样品岩心照片

样品来自于H2井白垩系巴音戈壁组二段，埋深1 192.49 m，岩性为灰质泥岩。

Figure 2. Core photos of pyrolysis simulation samples from source rocks in Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 银根—额济纳旗盆地哈日凹陷过取样井地质剖面

Figure 3. Geological profile of a sampling well in Hari Sag, Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 银根—额济纳旗盆地哈日凹陷K₁b²烃源岩热模拟固体渣样TOC和氯仿沥青“A”含量变化特征

Figure 4. Variation characteristics of TOC and chloroform bitumen "A" contents in pyrolysis simulation solid residue samples from K₁b² source rocks in Hari Sag, Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 银根—额济纳旗盆地哈日凹陷自然演化条件下K₁b²烃源岩样品的氯仿沥青“A”含量与TOC变化特征

Figure 5. Variation characteristics of TOC and chloroform bitumen "A" contents in K₁b² source rock samples under natural evolution in Hari Sag, Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 银根—额济纳旗盆地哈日凹陷K₁b²烃源岩样品热模拟产烃率随R_o(a)和温度(b)变化特征

Figure 6. Variation characteristics of hydrocarbon generation rate with R_o (a) and temperature (b) in pyrolysis simulation of K₁b² source rock samples from Hari Sag, Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 烃源岩岩石组成示意

据文献[29]修改。

Figure 7. Schematic diagram of source rock composition

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 不同裂解程度下原油组成变化的概念模型

据文献[44]修改。

Figure 8. Conceptual model of crude oil compositional changes under different cracking stages

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 基于热模拟实验的典型原油生气转化率曲线特征

据文献[42]修改。

Figure 9. Characteristics of typical oil-to-gas conversion rate curves based on pyrolysis simulation experiments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 基于热模拟实验的银根—额济纳旗盆地哈日凹陷K₁b²烃源岩生烃阶段划分

Figure 10. Hydrocarbon generation stage division of K ₁b² source rocks in Hari Sag, Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin, based on pyrolysis simulation experiments

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 银根—额济纳旗盆地中生界烃源岩热模拟固体残渣样品和自然演化烃源岩样品R_o测试数据

Table 1. R_o data of solid residues of pyrolysis simulation experiments and samples under natural evolution conditions of Mesozoic, Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin

样品	样品编号	热模拟温度/℃	样品埋深/m	R_o/%			测点数
样品	样品编号	热模拟温度/℃	样品埋深/m	最大值	最小值	平均值	测点数
热模拟固体渣样	PSE-1	250		0.659	0.501	0.600	31
	PSE-2	300		0.664	0.514	0.610	31
	PSE-3	350		0.895	0.562	0.750	36
	PSE-4	375		1.086	0.732	0.840	39
	PSE-5	400		1.321	1.022	1.120	39
	PSE-6	425		1.627	1.262	1.450	35
	PSE-7	450		1.941	1.624	1.790	30
	PSE-8	475		2.095	1.629	1.830	39
	PSE-9	500		2.362	1.767	2.060	30
	PSE-10	550		2.661	2.193	2.390	35
钻井烃源岩样品	H2-1		1 060.60	0.700	0.485	0.600	39
	H2-2		1 063.27	0.703	0.556	0.650	34
	H8-1		1 283.38	0.834	0.623	0.730	36
	H3-1		1 707.92	1.383	0.825	1.080	33
	H3-2		1 710.31	1.252	1.192	1.220	36
	H3-3		1 719.23	1.290	1.122	1.230	32
	H3-4		1 768.37	1.540	1.060	1.340	32
	HC1-1		2 912.36	2.592	1.869	2.150	37
	HC1-2		3 073.03	2.456	1.890	2.120	31
	HC1-3		3 076.97	2.398	2.022	2.270	30

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