塔里木盆地柯克亚地区侏罗系湖相烃源岩地球化学特征——对古环境和有机质富集的指示意义

孙迪; 谢小敏; 屈洋; 肖七林; 黎立; 陈才; 王张虎

doi:10.11781/sysydz2024061312

塔里木盆地柯克亚地区侏罗系湖相烃源岩地球化学特征——对古环境和有机质富集的指示意义

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2024061312

孙迪^1,,
谢小敏²,
屈洋¹,
肖七林²,
黎立¹,
陈才¹,
王张虎^2, ,

1.
中国石油塔里木油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 新疆库尔勒 841000
2.
长江大学资源与环境学院油气地球化学与环境湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430100

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 42302159

湖北省自然科学基金项目 2022CFB642

中国石油塔里木油田分公司项目 041021090118

详细信息

作者简介:
孙迪(1989—), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 从事勘探地质研究。E-mail: sundi-tlm@petrochina.com.cn

通讯作者:
王张虎(1991—), 男, 博士, 讲师, 从事非常规油气地质与地球化学研究。E-mail: zhanghu0617@126.com

中图分类号: TE122.1
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- HTML全文浏览量: 7
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-28
- 修回日期: 2024-09-27
- 刊出日期: 2024-11-28

Geochemical characteristics of Jurassic lacustrine source rocks in Kekeya area, Tarim Basin: implications for paleoenvironments and organic matter enrichment

SUN Di^1
,,
XIE Xiaomin²,
QU Yang¹,
XIAO Qilin²,
LI Li¹,
CHEN Cai¹,
WANG Zhanghu^{2
, ,}

1.
Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China
2.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, Hubei 430100, China

摘要

摘要: 为进一步揭示塔里木盆地塔西南坳陷侏罗系烃源岩发育特征及其记录的古环境，更好地指导下一步页岩油气勘探开发，综合岩石热解、显微组分、无机地球化学、生物标志化合物和碳同位素等分析，明确了塔西南坳陷柯克亚地区下侏罗统康苏组煤系泥岩与中侏罗统杨叶组泥岩、粉砂质泥岩发育特征及有机质富集规律。康苏组与杨叶组烃源岩总有机碳(TOC)含量较高，分别为1.7%~63.5%(平均值为24.4%)和0.6%~6.9%(平均值为2.1%)，为好至优质烃源岩。两套烃源岩成熟度均较低，处于低成熟—成熟阶段。干酪根碳同位素、岩石薄片与生物标志化合物等均指示康苏组煤系泥岩和杨叶组下段泥岩有机质母质主要以高等陆源植物为主，而杨叶组上段粉砂质泥岩含较多的浮游藻类。康苏组沉积时期古气候相对温暖湿润，水体环境为淡水、贫氧偏氧化环境；杨叶组沉积早期气候相对炎热潮湿，沉积环境与康苏组沉积时期类似，同样为淡水、贫氧偏氧化环境，随着杨叶组沉积晚期湖平面的逐步上升，古环境逐渐转变为半咸水、贫氧环境。炎热潮湿的气候与咸化的水体有利于浮游藻类等水生生物的繁衍，从而影响了杨叶组上段粉砂质泥岩中有机质的供给。此外，该时期水体还原性的增强同样有利于有机质的保存。综上，古气候、古盐度与沉积环境是影响柯克亚地区侏罗系湖相烃源岩中有机质富集的重要因素。
- 古气候 /
- 贫氧环境 /
- 有机岩石学 /
- 杨叶组 /
- 侏罗系 /
- 柯克亚地区 /
- 塔里木盆地
Abstract: To further reveal the development characteristics of Jurassic source rocks in the southwest depression of the Tarim Basin and their paleoenvironments, with the aim of guiding future shale oil exploration and development, the study integrated rock pyrolysis, maceral analysis, inorganic geochemistry, biomarker compounds, and carbon isotope analyzes.It explored the development characteristics and organic matter enrichment patterns of coal-bearing mudstones from the Lower Jurassic Kangsu Formation and mudstones and silty mudstones from the Middle Jurassic Yangye Formation in the Kekeya area of the southwest depression, Tarim Basin. The results showed that the total organic carbon (TOC) content in the source rocks of the Kangsu and Yangye formations was relatively higher, ranging from 1.7% to 63.5% (with an average of 24.4%), and 0.6% to 6.9% (with an average of 2.1%), respectively, indicating source rocks of good to excellent quality. Source rocks from both formations exhibited low maturity, being in the low-maturity to mature stage.In addition, carbon isotope analysis of kerogen, thin section observations, and biomarker compound analysis indicated that the parent material of the organic matter in the coal-bearing mudstones of the Kangsu Formation and the lower section of the Yangye Formation mainly derived from higher terrestrial plants, while the silty mudstones of the upper section of the Yangye Formation contained abundant planktonic algae. During the depositional period of the Kangsu Formation, the paleoclimate was warm and humid, and the water environment was freshwater, with suboxic and slightly oxidizing conditions. In the early depositional stages of the Yangye Formation, the paleoclimate was also hot and humid, and the depositional environment was similar to that of the Kangsu Formation, characterized by freshwater and suboxic conditions. With the gradual rise in lake level in the late depositional period of the Yangye Formation, the paleoenvironment transitioned to a brackish and suboxic environment. The hot and humid climate, coupled with increased salinity, was conducive to the reproduction of planktonic algae and other aquatic organisms, thereby affecting the organic matter supply in silty mudstones of the upper section of the Yangye Formation. Furthermore, the enhancement of water reducibility during this period was also beneficial for the preservation of organic matter. In summary, paleoclimate, paleosalinity, and depositional environment are important factors influencing the organic matter enrichment in the Jurassic lacustrine source rocks of the Kekeya area.
- paleoclimate /
- suboxic environment /
- organic petrology /
- Yangye Formation /
- Jurassic /
- Kekeya area /
- Tarim Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors'Contributions

孙迪、谢小敏和黎立参与实验设计；屈洋、肖七林和陈才完成实验操作；孙迪和王张虎参与论文写作和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The experiments were designed by SUN Di, XIE Xiaomin, and LI Li. The experimental operation was completed by QU Yang, XIAO Qilin, and CHEN Cai. The manuscript was drafted and revised by SUN Di and WANG Zhanghu. All authors have read the last version of the paper and consented to its submission.

HTML全文

图 1 塔里木盆地西南缘研究区构造位置(a)与侏罗系地层综合柱状图(b)

Figure 1. Structural location of study area on southwestern margin of Tarim Basin (a) and comprehensive stratigraphic column of Jurassic (b)

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图 2 塔里木盆地柯克亚地区侏罗系烃源岩T_max—氢指数(I_H)(a)、TOC含量—生烃潜力(S₁+S₂)(b，c)交会图

Figure 2. Cross-plotts of T_maxvs. hydrogen index (I_H) (a) and TOC content vs. hydrocarbon generation potential (S₁+S₂) (b, c) for Jurassic source rocks in Kekeya area, Tarim Basin

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图 3 塔里木盆地柯克亚地区侏罗系康苏组与杨叶组烃源岩显微组分

a.康苏组，煤系泥岩，FS2井，反射光, 5 006.1 m；b.视域同a图，荧光；c.康苏组煤系泥岩，FS8井，反射光，3 470.4 m；d.视域同c图，荧光；e.杨叶组上段，粉砂质泥岩，FS2井，反射光，4 710.5 m；f.视域同e图，荧光；g.杨叶组下段，泥岩，FS8井，反射光，3250.5 m；h.视域同g图，荧光。

Figure 3. Macerals in source rocks from Kangsu and Yangye formations in Kekeya area, Tarim Basin

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图 4 塔里木盆地柯克亚地区侏罗系烃源岩饱和烃气相色谱

Figure 4. Gas chromatography of saturated hydrocarbons in Jurassic source rocks of Kekeya area, Tarim Basin

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图 5 塔里木盆地柯克亚地区侏罗系烃源岩饱和烃萜烷系列与甾烷系列质量色谱

Figure 5. Mass chromatograms of terpane and sterane series from saturated hydrocarbons in Jurassic source rocks of Kekeya area, Tarim Basin

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图 6 塔里木盆地柯克亚地区侏罗系烃源岩生物标志物成熟度判别

据文献[32-33]修改。

Figure 6. Biomarker maturity assessment for Jurassic source rocks in Kekeya area, Tarim Basin

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图 7 塔里木盆地柯克亚地区侏罗系烃源岩规则甾烷C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉三角图(a)和Pr/nC₁₇与Ph/nC₁₈交会图(b)

据文献[30-31]修改。

Figure 7. Ternary diagram of regular steranes C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉ (a) and cross-plotts of Pr/nC₁₇ vs. Ph/nC₁₈ (b) for Jurassic source rocks in Kekeya area, Tarim Basin

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图 8 塔里木盆地柯克亚地区侏罗系烃源岩I_CIA—C值(a)和TOC含量—I_CIA(b)交会图

Figure 8. Cross-plotts of I_CIA vs. C value (a) and TOC content vs. I_CIA (b) for Jurassic source rocks in Kekeya area, Tarim Basin

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图 9 塔里木盆地柯克亚地区侏罗系烃源岩Pr/Ph—Pr/nC₁₇—Ph/nC₁₈三元图

据参考文献[15]修改。

Figure 9. Ternary diagram of Pr/Ph, Pr/nC₁₇ and Ph/nC₁₈ for Jurassic source rocks in Kekeya area, Tarim Basin

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图 10 塔里木盆地柯克亚地区侏罗系烃源岩C_org/P—U_EF(a)与ω(TOC)—Mo_EF(b)交会图

Figure 10. Cross-plotts of C_org/P vs. U_EF (a) and ω(TOC) content vs. Mo_EF (b) for Jurassic source rocks in Kekeya area, Tarim Basin

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