咸化湖相混积岩烃源岩地球化学特征及其发育模式——以柴西坳陷英雄岭构造带下干柴沟组上段为例

周飞; 邵泽宇; 张静; 陈果; 张海龙; 徐耀辉; 郝万鑫; 沙威; 武云昭; 张皓

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025051134

文章导航 > 石油实验地质 > 2025 > 47(5): 1134-1149

周飞, 邵泽宇, 张静, 陈果, 张海龙, 徐耀辉, 郝万鑫, 沙威, 武云昭, 张皓. 咸化湖相混积岩烃源岩地球化学特征及其发育模式——以柴西坳陷英雄岭构造带下干柴沟组上段为例[J]. 石油实验地质, 2025, 47(5): 1134-1149. doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025051134

引用本文:

ZHOU Fei, SHAO Zeyu, ZHANG Jing, CHEN Guo, ZHANG Hailong, XU Yaohui, HAO Wanxin, SHA Wei, WU Yunzhao, ZHANG Hao. Geochemical characteristics and development models of salinized lacustrine mixed-source rock: a case study of upper member of Lower Ganchaigou Formation in Yingxiongling structural belt, western Qaidam Depression[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2025, 47(5): 1134-1149. doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025051134

Citation:

ZHOU Fei, SHAO Zeyu, ZHANG Jing, CHEN Guo, ZHANG Hailong, XU Yaohui, HAO Wanxin, SHA Wei, WU Yunzhao, ZHANG Hao. Geochemical characteristics and development models of salinized lacustrine mixed-source rock: a case study of upper member of Lower Ganchaigou Formation in Yingxiongling structural belt, western Qaidam Depression[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2025, 47(5): 1134-1149. doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025051134

引用本文:

Citation:

ZHOU Fei, SHAO Zeyu, ZHANG Jing, CHEN Guo, ZHANG Hailong, XU Yaohui, HAO Wanxin, SHA Wei, WU Yunzhao, ZHANG Hao. Geochemical characteristics and development models of salinized lacustrine mixed-source rock: a case study of upper member of Lower Ganchaigou Formation in Yingxiongling structural belt, western Qaidam Depression[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2025, 47(5): 1134-1149. doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025051134

咸化湖相混积岩烃源岩地球化学特征及其发育模式——以柴西坳陷英雄岭构造带下干柴沟组上段为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025051134

周飞^1,2,
邵泽宇^1,2,
张静^1,2,
陈果^3, ,,
张海龙^1,2,
徐耀辉³,
郝万鑫³,
沙威^1,2,
武云昭^1,2,
张皓^1,2

1. 中国石油青海油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 甘肃敦煌 736202;
2. 青海省高原咸化湖盆油气地质重点实验室, 甘肃敦煌 736202;
3. 油气地球化学与环境湖北省重点实验室(长江大学资源与环境学院), 武汉 430100

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(42202181)、湖北省教育厅科学技术研究项目(Q20221307)和中国石油青海油田探区“十四五”油气资源评价(2023YQX20113)联合资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
周飞(1984—)，男，硕士，高级工程师，从事石油天然气地质研究。E-mail:380913613@qq.com。

通讯作者:
陈果(1990—)，男，博士，副教授，从事油气地质与地球化学研究。E-mail:cupchenguo@outlook.com。

中图分类号: TE122.113
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-11-27
- 修回日期: 2025-08-05
- 刊出日期: 2025-09-28

Geochemical characteristics and development models of salinized lacustrine mixed-source rock: a case study of upper member of Lower Ganchaigou Formation in Yingxiongling structural belt, western Qaidam Depression

ZHOU Fei^1,2,
SHAO Zeyu^1,2,
ZHANG Jing^1,2,
CHEN Guo^{3
, ,},
ZHANG Hailong^1,2,
XU Yaohui³,
HAO Wanxin³,
SHA Wei^1,2,
WU Yunzhao^1,2,
ZHANG Hao^1,2

1. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company, Dunhuang, Gansu 736202, China;
2. Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Plateau Saline-Lacustrine Basinal Oil & Gas Geology, Dunhuang, Gansu 736202, China;
3. Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment (College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University), Wuhan, Hubei 430100, China

摘要

摘要: 为系统评价柴达木盆地柴西坳陷英雄岭构造带下干柴沟组上段咸化湖相混积岩烃源岩的生烃潜力，揭示其富有机质发育模式，通过有机地球化学与无机地球化学相结合的方法，对研究区不同岩性混积岩样品开展系统的地球化学特征分析，重点解析有机质丰度、类型、成熟度及沉积环境特征，进而重建烃源岩的沉积过程。研究结果表明，柴达木盆地下干柴沟组上段混积岩烃源岩整体达到较好—优质烃源岩标准，其中泥质页岩和钙质页岩表现尤为突出，总有机碳含量平均达到1.37%，生烃潜量超过8.36 mg/g，显著优于其他岩性烃源岩；烃源岩有机质以Ⅰ—Ⅱ型干酪根为主，主要来源于菌藻类低等水生生物；有机质热演化程度处于低熟—成熟阶段；烃源岩形成于强蒸发的咸化湖盆环境，古气候炎热干燥，水体盐度分层显著，底层形成稳定的缺氧还原条件，有效促进了有机质保存。物源分析揭示，沉积物主要源自长英质火成岩，中等水平的古生产力为有机质富集提供了物质基础。研究提出干旱气候和浅水沉积条件下，盐度分层形成的还原—强还原底水环境是菌藻类有机质在钙质、泥质页岩中富集的关键机制，该认识为咸化湖相烃源岩的形成机理提供了新依据，对柴达木盆地及类似地区的油气勘探具有指导意义。
- 沉积环境 /
- 咸化湖相 /
- 烃源岩发育模式 /
- 地球化学特征 /
- 下干柴沟组 /
- 古近系 /
- 柴达木盆地
Abstract: This study aims to systematically evaluate the hydrocarbon generation potential of the saline lacustrine mixed-source rocks in the upper member of the Lower Ganchaigou Formation in the Yingxiongling structural belt of the Western Qaidam Depression in the Qaidam Basin, and to reveal the organic matter-rich development model. By combining organic and inorganic geochemical methods, a systematic geochemical analysis was conducted on mixed sedimentary rock samples of different lithologies from the study area, focusing on organic matter abundance, type, maturity, and sedimentary environment characteristics, thereby reconstructing the depositional process of the source rocks. The results showed that the mixed sedimentary rocks in the upper member of the Lower Ganchaigou Formation in the Qaidam Basin generally met the criteria for good to excellent source rocks, with argillaceous shale and calcareous shale exhibiting particularly outstanding performance, showing an average TOC content of 1.37% and hydrocarbon generation potential exceeding 8.36 mg/g, significantly higher than source rocks of other lithologies. The organic matter in the source rocks was dominated by Type I to Ⅱ kerogen, mainly derived from lower aquatic organisms such as bacteria and algae, with its thermal evolution at the low to mature stage. The source rocks were deposited in a highly evaporative saline lacustrine environment under a hot and arid paleoclimate, where significant water salinity stratification led to stable anoxic-reducing conditions at the bottom, effectively promoting organic matter preservation. Provenance analysis revealed that the sediments were primarily derived from felsic igneous rocks, and moderate paleoproductivity provided the material basis for organic matter enrichment. The study proposed that under arid climate and shallow-water depositional conditions, salinity stratification-induced reducing to strongly reducing bottom-water environments were the key mechanisms for the enrichment of bacterial and algal organic matter in calcareous/argillaceous shales. The findings provide new insights into the formation mechanisms of saline lacustrine source rocks and offer guidance for oil and gas exploration in the Qaidam Basin and similar regions.
- sedimentary environment /
- saline lacustrine /
- source rock development model /
- geochemical characteristics /
- Lower Ganchaigou Formation /
- Paleogene /
- Qaidam Basin

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