CO<sub>2</sub>地质封存过程中盖层和裂缝的自封闭机制研究现状

周冰; 伦增珉; 张杰; 唐永强; 齐义彬; 肖朴夫; 殷夏

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025051177

CO₂地质封存过程中盖层和裂缝的自封闭机制研究现状

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025051177

周冰^1,2,3,
伦增珉^1,2,3,
张杰^1,2,3,
唐永强^1,2,3,
齐义彬^1,2,3,
肖朴夫^1,2,3,
殷夏^1,2,3

1. 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院有限公司, 北京 102206;
2. 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 102206;
3. 页岩油气富集机理与高效开发国家重点实验室, 北京 102206

基金项目:

深地国家科技重大专项(2024ZD1004300)及中国石化科技攻关项目(P25143)联合资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
周冰(1988—)，女，博士，副研究员，从事CO₂地质封存、流体—岩石相互作用研究。E-mail:zhoubing.syky@sinopec.com。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-05-15
- 修回日期: 2025-09-04
- 刊出日期: 2025-09-28

Research status of self-sealing mechanisms of caprocks and fractures during CO₂ geological storage

ZHOU Bing^1,2,3,
LUN Zengmin^1,2,3,
ZHANG Jie^1,2,3,
TANG Yongqiang^1,2,3,
QI Yibin^1,2,3,
XIAO Pufu^1,2,3,
YIN Xia^1,2,3

1. SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, China;
2. SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing 102206, China

摘要

摘要: 通过对现有文献的系统调研，总结了CO₂地质封存过程中物质重新平衡对盖层和裂缝自封闭规律的动态影响研究现状。室内实验、井场监测和数值模拟研究普遍显示，CO₂注入后在短期内不会突破较厚的盖层，即使突破直接上覆盖层，也会被多层盖层系统二次捕获封存。盖层自封闭的机制主要包括超临界相态CO₂注入限域空间导致的自封闭、岩石孔隙结构压缩，或微粒运移导致的机械作用自封闭和化学作用引起的自封闭。而裂缝或断层系统在CO₂注入后的流体—岩石相互作用机制下，会随着时间推移倾向于逐渐形成自封闭，低CO₂流速、小裂缝开度是形成裂缝/断层自封闭的主要因素。但在时间尺度的效应下，CO₂的物理扩散、化学反应对盖层和裂缝的动态定量影响，仍然需要进一步详细研究。目前国内外对这一动态过程的研究正逐渐向多时空尺度协同、多研究手段结合、多因素耦合的系统过程发展，并且逐渐成为CO₂地质封存研究的热点问题。
- CO₂地质封存 /
- 盖层 /
- 裂缝 /
- 自封闭机制 /
- 二氧化碳捕集利用和封存
Abstract: Through a systematic review of the existing literature, the current research on the dynamic effects of material re-equilibration on caprock and fracture self-sealing patterns during CO₂ geological storage is summarized. Laboratory experiments, field monitoring at well sites, and numerical simulation studies generally show that CO₂ injection will not breach relatively thick caprocks in the short term, and even if the directly overlying caprock is breached, CO₂ will be secondarily trapped and sealed by multi-layered caprock systems. The mechanisms of caprock self-sealing mainly include self-sealing due to injection of supercritical-phase CO₂ into confined spaces, mechanical self-sealing resulting from rock pore structure compression or particle migration, and self-sealing induced by chemical reactions. Under the fluid and rock interaction mechanisms after CO₂ injection, fractured or faulted systems tend to progressively develop self-sealing over time. Low CO₂ flow rates and small fracture apertures are identified as the main factors in the formation of fracture/ fault self-sealing. However, the dynamic quantitative effects of CO₂ physical diffusion and chemical reactions on caprocks and fractures under time-scale effects still require further detailed investigation. Currently, research on this dynamic process at home and abroad is gradually evolving toward a systematic approach that integrates multi-spatiotemporal scale coordination, multiple research methods, and multi-factor coupling, and it is increasingly becoming a hot topic in research on CO₂ geological storage.
- CO₂ geological storage /
- caprock /
- fractures /
- self-sealing mechanism /
- carbon capture, utilization, and storage

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参考文献(71)

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CO₂地质封存过程中盖层和裂缝的自封闭机制研究现状

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025051177

作者简介:
周冰(1988—)，女，博士，副研究员，从事CO₂地质封存、流体—岩石相互作用研究。E-mail:zhoubing.syky@sinopec.com。

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Research status of self-sealing mechanisms of caprocks and fractures during CO₂ geological storage

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CO2地质封存过程中盖层和裂缝的自封闭机制研究现状

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025051177

作者简介: 周冰(1988—)，女，博士，副研究员，从事CO2地质封存、流体—岩石相互作用研究。E-mail:zhoubing.syky@sinopec.com。

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Research status of self-sealing mechanisms of caprocks and fractures during CO2 geological storage

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出版历程

目录

CO₂地质封存过程中盖层和裂缝的自封闭机制研究现状

作者简介:
周冰(1988—)，女，博士，副研究员，从事CO₂地质封存、流体—岩石相互作用研究。E-mail:zhoubing.syky@sinopec.com。

Research status of self-sealing mechanisms of caprocks and fractures during CO₂ geological storage