石油实验地质

DISCUSSION ON THE EVOLUTION OF HYDROCARBONS IN THE LIGHT OF THE THEORY OF THERMODYNAMICS

He Zhigao

1982, 4(1): 1-9. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201001

Abstract(801) PDF-CN(325)

Abstract:
Basing on the theory of thermodynamics,the influence of formation pressure on the parameters of hydrocarbons, such as enthalpy, entropy and free enthalpy,and the influence of pressure on the energy distribution in accord with the basical formula of thermodynamics AH=△G-T△S are discussed. It is pointed out that pressure is a negative factor to the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons. The reason for why there is oil still retained in Paleozoic carbonate rocks of the Xiang-Zhong district is also discussed under thermodynamic theory. According to the theoretical consideration of the gasification of oil, as low boiling-point fractions in an oil pool increasingly gasified, the probability of the destruction of the oil pool also increased. Contrarily, there is no phase change within gas pools, only the expansion of gas under heating, hence the influence of temperature and pressure on gas pool is minimized. Therefore, it is easier for gas pools than for oil pools to be presrved.Finally, some cognitions for the prospecting and exploration of areas bearing highly evolved oil and gas are suggested.

1982, 4(1): 10-10. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201010

Abstract(463) PDF-CN(219)

Abstract:

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE REEFS OF DEVONIAN QIZIQIAO FORMATION IN MID-HUNAN

Dai Guangya

1982, 4(1): 11-18. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201011

Abstract(579) PDF-CN(323)

Abstract:
Qiziqiao formation is distributed widely in mid-Hunan which lies on the southeast side of Xuefeng old land. Most of the reefs are found in this horizon. There are three kinds of reef bodies within the upper member of Qiziqiao formation (D₂q²). Firstly, the biostrome developed on the carbonate platform within the open platform neritic facies zone during the early stage of D₂q². The representative Qingtanchong biostrome is shaped like a blanket. It is built up in a bound-skeletal or skeletal framework style. The lying wall of the reef was favourable for oil generation and the biostrome itself is a good oil reservoir. The superstratum can serve as a cover. It appears to be a positive source/reservoir/cover combination. Secondly,the marginal reef formed on the carbonate platform within the open platform neritic facies zone during the middle stage of D₂q². It is represented by Jukoupu marginal reef. The reef-building biota of the dome-like reef body are mainly of stromatopora, coral and algae with some crinoidea. It is also built up in a bound-skeletal or skeletal framework style. The formation of the marginal reef controls the differentiation of sedimentary facies on both sides. In front of the reef is deep water facies which was favourable for oil generation and the core part of the reef is adequate for oil reservoir. The back reef fa-cies and the superstratum can serve as covers. It can be identified as a lateral source/reservoir/cover combination. Thirdly, the reef mound formed on the positive element within the platform basinal facies zone during the later stage of D₂q². It is represented by Putou reef mound. The reef body appears as a superimposing mound form. The reef-building biota are mainly of stromatopora and coral. The reef is formed in a skeletal or bound-skeletal style. Around the reef body is deep water facies favourable for oil generation and the reef mound itself is favourable for oil reservoir. It is a closed lenticular source/reservoir/cover combination.

THE GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES AND THE OIL AND GAS POTENTIAL OF THE ZHUJIANGKOU BASIN, THE SOUTH CHINA SEA

Feng Zhiqiang, Miao Wanqing

1982, 4(1): 19-25. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201019

Abstract(643) PDF-CN(303)

Abstract:
The Zhujiangkou Basin is a large Cenozoic oil-and gas-bearing basin on the continental shelf off Canton, China. The first test hole was spudded October, 1977, and industrial oil flow was obtained from Pearl No.5 Well Aug., 1979. It occupies an area of approximately 150,000 square kilometers. As the tectonic movement of Late Eocene brought the land area widely uplifted and the sea area rapidly subsided, the basin has turned out to be a marginal depression, owing to the faulting tension of earth crust. It has undergone three stages of development. Eight second-order structural units can be recognized within the basin, including three major depressions. The Cenozoic stratum exceeds 6,000 meters in thickness, containing rich organic material, excellent source and reservoir rocks, and various types of local structural traps. The regional oil-and gas-bearing sequences of the basin with oil of high quality and abundant reserves are well developed. The Zhujiangkou Basin is one of the few major oil-and gas-bearing basins which have not been explored and developed in the world so far. Its significance has already been realized by the petroleum geological community both domestic and abroad.

1982, 4(1): 26-26. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201026

Abstract(450) PDF-CN(221)

Abstract:

A STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FLUVIAL SEDIMENTS OF THE LATE TRIASSIC XU-2 MEMBER IN WESTERN SICHUAN BASIN

He Li

1982, 4(1): 27-34. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201027

Abstract(519) PDF-CN(271)

Abstract:
Based on the study of the characteristics of the sediments of the Xu-2 Member at Jinhe, Shifang, six sedimentary assemblages are designated and their ten features are described. It is considered that the sandstone of the Xu-2 Member is formed as a result of superim-position of six major fluvial sedimentations. Through the studies of the features of the fluvial sediments, as well as their mineralogical composition and grain size, five types of sedimentary environment of the Xu-2 sandstone within the Sichuan Basin are distinguished and the extent of their distribution is discussed respectively. Thus, the bank line of the ancient river for the sedimentation of the late Triassic Xujiahe stage of the Sichuan Basin is deduced.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE CRUDE OIL FROM QINGLONG GROUP OF JURONG DEPRESSION IN SOUTHERN JIANGSU AND THESTRATEGY FOR OIL FINDING

Xu Weimin

1982, 4(1): 35-39. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201035

Abstract(538) PDF-CN(269)

Abstract:
The Mesozoic Jurong depression is located in the Western part of Southern Jiangsu, with an area of about 1325 km².Twenty-five wells were drilled on the Jurong anticline in the middle part of the depression (including 4 eoal-field exploration wells). The production of the initial test of Rong No.2 Well in lower Qinglong group (T₁) limestone was 6.6 m³/day of oil, while the highest production of Rong No.3 Well was 10.1 m³/day. Owing to the lack of formation energy, and the poor physical properties of the reservoir, the production decreased rapidly and finally dried up. The analysis of crude oil and the quality of coal indicate that this is a low mature heavy oil and lignite area. According to the graph of fixed carbon ratio distribution, middle or small pools may be found at the flanks of the depression where the degree of evolution is higher.

METHODOLOGY OF ESTIMATING THE PROSPECTS OF OIL AND GAS RESOURCES

Cheng Xuefu

1982, 4(1): 40-46. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201040

Abstract(584) PDF-CN(256)

Abstract:
The methodology of estimating oil and gas resources has been widely investigated only in recent years. Now, the prospects of oil and gas resources have conspicuously become the most important research project. The methodology does not deal with concrete methods of estimation, but examines the valuation of the various methods of estimation under consideration from the overall viewpoint of searching for oil and gas resources. The contents of the research in methodology of estimation are discussed, and the core of such a matter is bow to establish an estimation system. The methodology concerning how to define an estimating problem, to divide estimated objects, to use various kinds of estimating method properly, and to improve progressively the estimation system is discussed. The evaluation method by specialists and the Monte Carlo method can play an important role in establishing an estimation system.

PETROLEUM RESOURCE ESTIMATION AND THE APPLICATION OF THE MONTE CARLO METHOD

Lin Junxiong

1982, 4(1): 47-55. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201047

Abstract(659) PDF-CN(283)

Abstract:
This article describes in detail some fundamental concepts of the Monte Carlo Method in estimating petroleum resource with the formula of the volumetric method. The computer program is also presented. The author made an estimate for petroleum resource of two oilfields with the Monte Carlo Method. Different models of probability of the main parameters, such as oil saturation, porosity and volume of oilbearing rocks, which would affect the estimate of petroleum resource were simulated. The results of petroleum resource estimation obtained in the simulations suggest that the estimate using statistical models of probability of a parameter is close to that obtained from the normal distribution model of probability derived from simulation, when sufficient original data of the parameter are available. Therefore, a parameter can be simulated with normal distribution model of probability when original data of the parameter are insufficient. In estimating petroleum resource, the Monte Carlo Method can be applied in combination with both the experiences of geologists and the actual geological data, no matter the geological data much or few. It can be considered as a practical method and widely applied in estimating oil and gas resources of various areas at different exploration stages.

CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF BENZENE HOMOLOG IN FORMATIO WATER AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

Cai Yingbao

1982, 4(1): 56-60. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201056

Abstract(536) PDF-CN(334)

Abstract:
The chromatographic analysis of benzene homolog in formation water is described. The detection limit of this method is 0.01ul/1. The recovery is around 90%, and the relative error is less than 6%. The compositional character of the benzene homolog and its geochemical significance have also been studied. According to the regularity of the variations in composition, toluene/benzene is considered to be an effective parameter in petroleum geology and geochemical exploration.

1982, 4(1): 61-64. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201061

Abstract(454) PDF-CN(237)

Abstract:

PHILOSOPHY AND ART IN GUIDING THE RECONNAISSANCE AND EXPLORATION OF OLL AND GAS

Guo Zhengwu

1982, 4(1): 65-71. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201065

Abstract(543) PDF-CN(302)

Abstract:
The philosophy and the art in guiding the search for mineral and nonmineral deposits are frontier desciplines of science which arise from the interaction among philosophy, geology and economy. For making the prediction of the formation of oil and gas deposits and determining the guiding principles of deployment in the reconnaissance and exploration of oil and gas, not only erudite geological knowledge and plentiful experiences obtained in the historical exploration of various types of known oil and gas fields, but also the ability of deep insight and rich imagination are needed for responsible scientists. He shouldn't academically be bound to sectarian bias, but should be apt to increasingly comprehend careully-chosen facts and results of new observations, by which new arguments may be formed, and apt to creatively propose new inferences which are more fittable for the working area. In such a process, scientific logical thinking and imaginative thinking should be combined together. In the ptracice of organizing prospecting and exploration works, much efforts should be given to minimizing investments and manpower needed, and to employing proper techniques of maximal efficiency in order to achieve the best results and the highest economic profits in the search for hydrcoarbon deposits.

A FURTHER STUDY ON THE FORMULA CONCERNING THE VOLUMETRIC CHANGE OF SEDIMENTS BEFORE AND AFTER DIAGENETIC COMPACTION

Liu Chiyang

1982, 4(1): 72-79. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201072

Abstract(595) PDF-CN(270)

Abstract:
The formula concerning the volumetric change of sediments hus been widely used in the study of petroleum geology. In this paper, the following topics are discussed: (i)The application form of this formula under various conditons and its significance; (ii) The different expression forms of the fprmula and their connections; (iii) The effects of the parameters in the formula. The paper points out that the formula in different forms of expression can be unified under the same theoretic bass, Ampag the parameters of the conventional form of the formala, the determination of initial porosity has the greatest effect on the value calculated, and attention should be paid when including it in the formula.

1982, 4(1): 80-81. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201080

Abstract(488) PDF-CN(242)

Abstract:

1982, 4(1): 82-83. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201082

Abstract(429) PDF-CN(262)

Abstract:

1982, 4(1): 84-84. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198201084

Abstract(426) PDF-CN(241)

Abstract:

1982 Vol. 4, No. 1

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