Policies regarding author-initiated withdrawals, retractions by the editorial office, and corrections to published articles are as follows:

1. Author-Initiated Withdrawal

(1) If authors wish to withdraw their manuscripts after successful submission due to personal reasons, they must provide an explanation to the editorial office.

(2) For manuscripts that have passed the review process, authors are required to submit a detailed letter of request for withdrawal to the editorial office.

(3) If a manuscript has already entered the typesetting process and the author wishes to withdraw it for personal reasons, the author must not only submit a withdrawal request letter but also compensate the editorial office for all expenses incurred during the review, editing, and typesetting stages.

(4) If an author withdraws manuscripts twice due to personal reasons, the editorial office will not accept any submissions with that author as the first or corresponding author for the next year.

2. Retractions by the Editorial Office

(1) For manuscripts that have been accepted, if any academic misconduct is found, the editorial office will liaise with the author(s) and provide the relevant materials to the Editorial Board, seeking a decision to retract the manuscript.

(2) If the manuscript has not been formally published, the editorial office will retract it and draft a retraction statement for archival purposes.

(3) If the manuscript has already been officially published, the editorial office will publish a "Retraction Notice" both on the journal's website and in the next issue. Additionally, the "Retraction Notice" will be sent to the databases that index the journal, ensuring the removal of all manuscript-related data and information.

(4) For the first author and corresponding author found to have engaged in academic misconduct, the editorial office will not accept any submissions bearing their names for the next three years.

3. Corrections to Published Articles

If unintended scientific errors are found in a published article and the errors would not lead to significant impacts on the results and conclusions, the editorial office will publish corrections in the journal as soon as possible, detailing the changes made to the original article and indicating the source of the article. The journal will release the corrected new version of the article, and specify the changes to the original article and the date of update. Only the latest version of the article should be used for citation.

Readers and authors are welcome to engage in discussions on published articles, offering their feedback and insights to further enhance the academic atmosphere. Please send comments to the email address of the journal's editorial office. Upon receipt, we will address them promptly and provide appropriate feedback.