石油实验地质

FRAMEWORK OF CHINESE PETROLIFEROUS BASINS

H. J. Chen, Z. C. Sun, Y. C. Zhang

1986, 8(2): 97-106. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198602097

Abstract(627) PDF-CN(377)

Abstract:
The unidirectional-polycyclic evolutions of crust position and tetonic movement regime are the main factors determining the Chinese petroliferous basins and the habitat of oil and gas.According to historical stage and geo-dynamic mechanism, Chinese basins can be differentiated into some prototypes. If their conplex and superimposed entities are investigated systematicly, an appraisal of undiscovered oil and gas resources of China would be possible to be made out.

GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PRO-VENANCES OF CRUDE OIL IN THE NORTHERN MARGINAL FAULTED BLOCK ZONE OF QAIDAM BASIN

Luo Zhujin, Tang Xiyuan

1986, 8(2): 107-114. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198602107

Abstract(760) PDF-CN(333)

Abstract:
Using the data derived from the analyses of GC, carbon isotopes and hydrocarbon groups, this paper studies the geochemical characteristics and possible provenance of crude oil in the northern marginal faulted block zone of Qaidam Basin. These studies indicate. 1.The J₂d⁶ crude oil in Lenghu Area differs greatly from those in E₃ and N₁ formations and they are attributed to two different types. Together with another type of crude oil from Yuka-Lulehe, there are three types of crude oils in this area.The two types of crude oils in Lenghuare are resulted from different maturities of the source beds in different areas. 2.The J₂d⁶ crude oil in Lenghu No.3 Area comes from J₂d⁴-J₂d⁵ source beds in the same area, bearing no relation with the source beds in Lenghu No.4 and 5 areas; while the crude oils producing from E₃ and N₁ in No.4 and 5 areas are not related to the source beds in No.3 Area. A part of the crude oils may derive from J₂d⁴-J₂d⁵ beds, the other part probably comes from an unknown source area. 3.The crude oils from Yuka and Lulehe may have the same provenance,i.e. from J₂d⁶ and the underlying source beds bear no relationsh ip to J₂d⁷ bed.

TECTONIC CHARACTERISTICS OF NORTHERN XINJIANG AND OIL AND GAS PROSPECTS OF CARBONIFEROUS TO PERMIAN SYSTEMS

Lu Qing, Tao Junzheng, Lü Zheng

1986, 8(2): 115-122. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198602115

Abstract(1029) PDF-CN(355)

Abstract:
Northern Xinjiang which had been a single entity during Precambrian time, was splitted up in early Palaeozoic time. From north to south, there were three tectonic units,i.e. Allay Plate, Zhungaer Plate and North Tianshan Plate. Zhungaer Plate was a Palaeozoic oceanic plate evolved on Pre-cambrian basement, and it was basically an eugeogycline during Ordovician and early Carboniferous times. The oceanic crust became closed during middle Carboniferous, and gradually transformed into a newly formed plat-form. By late Middle-Carboniferous time,sediments on the plate were largely laid down under stable regime. For Altay Plate in the north, the Or-dovician-Silurian sediments of miogeosyncline were deposited on Precam-brian basement. Once in Devonian, it became an eugeosyncline, but it was uplifted during early Carboniferous. In the south, North Tianshan Plate with its typical properties of continental crust had been covered by sediments of platform type, and was transformed into an eugeosyncline during Devonian-early Carboniferous. The middle-late Carboniferous sediments are of transitional type, and those of Permian time are of depression type. After Permian, the three plates merged into a single plate, entering a new period of evolution, i.e. the stage of intraplate basin. Depending on the studies of the evolution of regional structure, depositional construction, and oil generation conditions in the northern Xinjiang, it is thought that oil/gas propects may be bright in TulufanHami, Chaiwo-bao,Santanghu and Yili basins, except in Zhungaer Basin.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SEDIMENTARY FACIES OF LACUSTRINE CARBONATE ROCKS AND OIL AND GAS DISTRIBUTION

Zhou Zili, Du Yunhua

1986, 8(2): 123-132. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198602123

Abstract(721) PDF-CN(450)

Abstract:
In this paper, carbonate rock of Shahejie Formation in Jiyang Depression of North China is used as an example, the characteristics of lithology, texture, palaeontology and sedimentation of the carbonate rocks were examined in detail. They were divided into three facies zones and five sub-facies zones. It is suggested that the carbonate rocks are of lakeshore, shallow water lacustrine and deep water lacustrine facies. The carbonate rocks intercalate in clastic rocks can be regarded as highly productive reservoirs, as well as geological and seismic marker beds. Among them, dolomites of bank subfacies has the best reservoir properties.

SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS FOR LATE SINIAN TO ORDOVICIAN IN NOTHWESTERN OF HUNAN PROVINCE

Shen Shikai

1986, 8(2): 133-138. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198602133

Abstract(790) PDF-CN(256)

Abstract:
This paper describes the main types of rock, colour, texture composition, structure characteristics,facies-indicaotors and terrestrial minerals, organism complex and their ecology,along with relative depths of water body,hydrod-namic condition, energy level, wave base, palaeogeomorphological featurcsy of sea bed, and geographical location in Nothwestern of Hunan province Correspondingly, the sedimentary environments of the strata from late Sinian to Ordovician are divided into eight types.

DISCUSSION ON LIGHT HYDROCARBONS IN QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF SOURCE BEDS

Sheng Zhiwei, Ge Xiuli

1986, 8(2): 139-152. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198602139

Abstract(653) PDF-CN(300)

Abstract:
This paper describes the significance of C₁-C₁₄ light hydrocarbons in quantitatve evaluation of source beds and briefly introduces the principles and analytical procedures of pyrolytical GC. According to the data from pyrolytical analyses of three types of kerogens, it is proposed the compen-sation coefficients of light hydrocarbons for the evaluation of source bed, i.e.the compensation coefficients of light hydrocarbons for the overall conversion efficiency of kerogens or organic carbon are as follows. During immature stage, 37.69-76.93% for Type I kerogen, 7.74-11.02% for Type Ⅱ kerogen and 32.66-34.72% for Type Ⅲ kerogen. In mature stage, 19.16-23.70% for Type Ⅰ kerogen, 12.27-13.72% for Type Ⅱ kerogen and 25.91-27.31% for Type Ⅲ kerogen. At the peak of oil generation, the compensation coefficients of the light hydrocarbons are as follows. 27.39-72.18% for Type I kerogen, 20.74-69.80% for Type Ⅱ kerogen and 36.60-86.96% for Type Ⅲ kerogen. Studies are carried out on the regularity of C₁-C₁₄ hydrocarbons generation during various heating stages for different types of kerogens, as well as on the retention effect of various rocks and minerals on hydrocarbons.

AMINO ACIDS IN THE SOURCE ROCKS OF ZHUNGAER BASIN, CHINA

Yan Zopeng, Zhou Zhongyi

1986, 8(2): 153-159. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198602153

Abstract(570) PDF-CN(282)

Abstract:
This paper presents the results of preliminary investigation on the distribution of amino acids and its relation to the source rocks in the Zhungaer Basin. The results show that the amino acid/organic carbon ratio in good source rocks are all comparatively high.Comparing the amino acid distributions of source rocks with some coal samples, it is found the types of kerogens are positively correlated to the compositions of amino acids. Proline is both observed in the kerogen of sapropelic source rocks and sapropelic coals, but no proline in humic kerogens. In addition, the characteristics of amino acids distribution of the lower organisms during diagenesis show a great differences between various sedi-mentary environments. When they are converted to oil, only the contents of basic amino acids diminish. When they are converted to coal, the contents of both acidic and basic amino acids decrease, but, the content of neutral amino acids increases. In conclusion, the investigation of the distribution of these three kinds of amino acids in the kerogens of source rocks may help differentiate the direction of convertion of original organic matter to oil or coal.

DISTRIBUTION OF FATTY ACIDS, NAPHTHENIC ACIDS AND PHENOL IN FORMATION WATER AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN SEARCHING FOR HYDROCARBONS

Huang Futang

1986, 8(2): 160-163. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198602160

Abstract(541) PDF-CN(296)

Abstract:
Based on large quantities of analytical data, the author studied the characteristics of the distribution of fatty acids, naphthenic acid and phenol in formation water and non-formation water of various strata and various are in northern Songliao Basin, and probed into the relationship between the contents of "fingerprint indicator" compounds and the accumulation of oil. Formation water can be closely related to hydrocarbon generation, migration and preservation.Organic acids are the conversion products of org-ganic matter to hydrocarbons, naphthenic acids, fatty acids were formed in source rocks and dissolved in pore water.Hence, the contents of fatty acids, naphthenic acids and phenol in oilfield water and subsurface water adjacent to oilfields increase towards oil bearing boundary, main source beds and reservoirs on the basis of regional geological survey. Oil and gas accumulation can be predicted by the change in contents of organic acids and phenol. Through practice it is proved that they are good indicators for hydrocarbon exploration and are of great importance in hydrogeochemistry in searching for oil and gas.

GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SOIL-GAS-HYDRARGYRUM MEASUREMENTS OF PETROLEUM GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION IN LISHU DEPRESSION OF SONGLIAO BASIN

Yue Hongli

1986, 8(2): 164-171. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198602164

Abstract(527) PDF-CN(258)

Abstract:
Based on the geochemical characteristics of soil-gas-hydrargyrum measurements combined with other geochemical exploration indexes and characteristics of petroleum geology, the integrated studies were made on Lishu Depression, in Songliao Basin in this paper. Thereafter, analyses of soil-gas-hydrargyrum are carried out in a certain research area, with 384 sampling points in which 80 points are abnormal with a probability of 20. 83%. Most of the abnormal measurement points are clustered: 1)The abnormal points of the northern part of the research area are clustered in Shiwu-Sangshutai Fault Block and No. 1, 2, 3, and 4 abnormal blocks; 2) The abnormal points of the southern part of the research area (4 controlling lines) concentrate at Shenyang, Kaoshantun, Yushutai and Shuang shan-Xinglitun in which oil traces and spots are observed at depths of 400-500m proved by drilling at No.4 Abnormal Block. (Xiaokuanwobao).

SIMPLEX METHOD APPLIED TO CONDITION SELECTION OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY

Yong Kelan

1986, 8(2): 172-176. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198602172

Abstract(543) PDF-CN(283)

Abstract:
Simplex method is a kind of mathematical optimum seeking method. It has been used to select optimum conditi ons of various experimental parameters.The author has applied the method to optimum seeking of experimental conditions for gas chromatography, such as flow rate of carrier gas, initial time, final column temperature, bridged eletric current, and the temperature of copper oxide oven.Through experiments and mathematical processes, five sets of conditions, i.e.Nos 12, 13, 15, 16, 17 points are considered to be the best. The basic idea of simplex method is to replace a worst point with a better one for the abrupt turn of a function.Thus, no matter how many dimensions a variable may has, only one experiment is needed for pushing one step to another.Besides, conditions selected by simplex method are gradually approaching optimum, and finally the graph will be oscilated within a certain range, which is the stable area near optimum conditions. So that multiple sets of conditions close to the optimum point can be chosen, and they are selective under different requirement.s Furthermore,because optimum point selected by simplex mehthod is obtained through comparision between experiments, there is no need for extra testing experiment.All these can not be achieved by other optimization method.

MATHEMATICAL MODEL APPLIED TO PRODUCTION PREDITION OF SANDSTONE OIL FIELD

An Zuoxiang, Zhao Xudong

1986, 8(2): 177-182. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198602177

Abstract(669) PDF-CN(279)

Abstract:
This paper introduces a mathematical model applied to production prediction of sandstone oil field,i.e.Bosong Cycle Equation which was first proposed by Prof.Weng Wenbo. It is used here to calculate the annual production of crude oil. This method has been applied to several oil fields of different maturation stages of oil generation.Taking the Romashikin Oil Field as an example,the method is proved to be applicable to the whole development process of oil fields.

DISCOVERY OF THE LOWER CRETACEOUS STRATA IN ZHOUKOU BASIN, EASTERN HENAN

Wang Congfeng, Wu Jianzhuang

1986, 8(2): 183-191. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198602183

Abstract(598) PDF-CN(240)

Abstract:
The materials dealt with the present paper are obtained from the drilling cores of the Shengqiu Formation in Zhoukou Basin.This formation is composed of a series of grey, dark grey, black claystones and light grey, fine to medium grained sandstones, intercalated with black carbonaceous shales and bands of coal, containing abundant sporo-pollen. This sporo-pollen assemblage is characterized by the predominance of gymnospermous pollen (83-61%), relatively abundant pteridophytic spores (9-17%) and few grains of angiospermous pollen. The gymnospcrmous pollens mainly consist of classopollis (60-84%). In addition, it contains some disacoate pollen grains, Cycadopites,Araucariacites, Psophosphaera,etc.. The pteridophytic spores arc characterized by the dominance of Lygodiaceae(5-12%), which includes Cicatricosisporites, Schi-zaeoisporites, Lygodiumsporites, Concavissimisporites, Klukisporites, Ver-rucosisporitcs, Contignisporites, etc.. Jugella of presumed angiospermous are very rare. This sporo-pollen assemblage is similar to those from South China named Classopollis-Schizaeoisporites microflora (Li wenben, 1980), therefore, the Shenqiu Formation is probably Early Cretaceous in age (Barremian).It is suggested that the climate of Zhoukou Basin should be of dry tropical-subtropical type at that time.

1986 Vol. 8, No. 2

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