石油实验地质

METHODOLOGY FOR THE RESEARCHES ON OIL/GAS MIGRATION IN FAULTDOWN BASINS

Li Mingcheng

1988, 10(2): 95-101. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198802095

Abstract(544) PDF-CN(367)

Abstract:
Generally speaking,the generation and migration of oil and gas are essentially controlled by the evolution of a basin and faultings.The tectonic evolutionary cycles of a basin tend to be consistent with those of abnormal pressure of fluids.The period of faulting is most likely to be the main stage of oil/gas migration as the hydrocarbons become mature.The juxtaposition of sandstones and mudstones is resulted by faulting at both sides of a fault.Thereafter,oil/gas could migrate across or along the fault plane,i.e."stair-step" migration pattern.Such a migration pattern indicates that a fault plane can act not only as a migration path,but also as a trap.The data of the effective beds and the depth for hydrocarbon expulsion can be obtained by the interpretation of compact curves using dynamic analysis.Caution shoud be taken on applying geochemical data for oil/source rock correlation,tracing the migration path and calculating the expulsion rate of hydrocarbons because geochemical analysis would be interfered by many factors.The traditonal evaluation of source rocks based on the amount of residual hydrocarbons is not reliable enough.With the concept of "time sequence",the convinced results of the researches on oil/gas migration can be achieved only by the integrated analysis on the various data and informations mentioned above,which would checked by each other.

STUDY ON OIL AND GAS POOL OF DEEP-SEATED ORIGIN

Fu Xiao

1988, 10(2): 102-105. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198802102

Abstract(514) PDF-CN(293)

Abstract:
In recent years,the abiogenic oil origin school again rises.After thorough study on international literatures,in combination with the controlling factors and geological facts of petroliferous basins of China,the author puts forward some constructive suggestions about petroleum prospecting of China.

REPLACED DEPOSITION OF GRAVITY FLOWS ALONG MOVING A DEEP WATER DUSTPAN THALWEG

Jiang Zaixing, Zhao Weiling, Liu Mengbui

1988, 10(2): 106-116. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198802106

Abstract(626) PDF-CN(435)

Abstract:
In the early stage of the deposition of the 3rd Member of Tertiary,Shahejie Section,a dustpan thalweg developed between Qingzuji and Changheng faults due to differential faultings in western Dongpu Depression and the strike line of the thalweg paralled with the axial line of the depression.Since the gravity flows entered the dustpan thalweg from the opposite directions of south aud north,it had to be turned in direction and moved along the extensional trend of the thalweg.Therefore,the replaced deposition of the gravity flow developed,for which the recognized configuration is band or ellipsoid.1,Laterally,the sand sequences are quite thick at central part and thin out toward both sides with obvious changes in grain size.2,Vertically,the upper the sequence,the finer the grain size.The depositional facies includes channel and outflow subfacies with four microfacies of channel axis,point bar (bam),outflow near channel and outflow far from channel in which the channel microfacies are the most active depositional unit with moving feature.However,the replaced deposition of gravity flows is a frontier for oil/gas exploration.

APPROACHES TO THE DIAGENESIS OF SANDSTONES AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIC MATTER AND CLAY MINERAL——An Example of Diagenetic Changes in Oligocene Reservoir of Dongpu Depression

Gao Yanxing, Yi Xudong

1988, 10(2): 117-124. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198802117

Abstract(589) PDF-CN(301)

Abstract:
Based on the researches on the diagenesis of Oligocene sands tone-mudstone sequences in Dongpu Depression,the authors of this paper analyse the diagenesis and the relationship between organic matter and clay mineral.It reveals that the transformation of the clay minerals is closely related to the thermal evolution of organic matter.Simultaneously,the diagenesis of the sandstones would,somehow,depend on the evolution of organic matter and through their influence on the property of porous water.The understanding of such a relationship would be favourable for the prediction of secondary porosity and the evolution of organic matter in other basin.Meanwhile,the possible diagenesis reaction and changes are also discussed theoretically.

THE TIME OF THE SEDIMENTATION AND THE OIL FORMATION OF T₁b-P₁q SEQUENCE OF Li No.5 WELL OF WESTERN HUNAN

Cao Shuyun, Jian Genming

1988, 10(2): 125-133. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198802125

Abstract(632) PDF-CN(278)

Abstract:
Li No.5 Well is situated at the eastern part of Shangzhishimeng Syn clinorium of Yangtze Platform.Through the study of the diagenesis and epigenesis of Li No.5 Well and the comprehensive analysis of the oil/gas display,the authors think that the T₁d-P₁q oil of Li No.5 well is originated in situ.There were two oil generation stages in which the first stage is Badong sedimentary stage.At this time,the evolution of organic matter to generate oil in T-P strata has not reached its peak,and some organic matter just began on the threshold of oil generation.The two episodes in Indosinian movement brought the earth crust to be uplifted,eroded,geotemperature dropped,and the petroleum generation was stopped.The second stage is the thermal fluid activity in Yanshan movement.The reservoir in P-T₁ of Li No.5 Well was at oil generation stage or a little bit higher.Finally,this paper points out that the favourable area for T-P oil and gas of Mid-Yangtze should be the area which is overlaid with major Mesozoic-Cenozoic basins.

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE RESTORATION FOR THE VARIOUS DENUDED SEQUENCES OF SICHUAN BASIN

Zeng Daofu

1988, 10(2): 134-141. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198802134

Abstract(669) PDF-CN(598)

Abstract:
For the studies on oil/gas evolution based on dynamic equilibrium principles and on its related geological topics,the author of this paper studies the restoration of the thickness of various denuded sequences in Sichuan Basin during the Caledonian,Dongwu,Indosinian and Xishan movements.respectively.The parameters applied in the study are derived from the ratio of depositional rate,the trend of depositional rate,denudation rate,regional geology,and paleotemperature.Therefore,it reveals the distributive regularity of the denuded sequences and reconstruct the depositional history of Sichuan Basin and the denudational history.However,it provides basis for the analysis on basin evolution,structure,trap,depositional sequence and generation,migration,and accumulation of oil/gas,as well as on timing and spacial coupling.

DIVISION AND CORRELATION OF UPPER PERMIAN-LOWER TRIASSIC IN MIDDLE PART OF HENAN AND DISCUSSION ON SOME GEOLOGICAL TOPICS

Wang Bing

1988, 10(2): 142-158. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198802142

Abstract(544) PDF-CN(299)

Abstract:
The relationship between the sequences of Permian and Triassic is previously considered as conformable contact.The author of this paper suggests there is a depositional break between Shiqainfeng Formation of Upper Permian and Fangshan Formation of Lower Triassic,according to the analysis and correlation of observed informations from plenty of outcrop sections and well loggings.That is to say there is an uplift movement at the end of Shiqainfeng Formation (the end of Varisian movement).It is believed that the relationship between the sequences of Permian and Triassic is disconformable contact which would certainly influence the generation,migration and accumulation of oil/gas in the coal measure of this area.

ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY OF VITRINITE IN ISOALTERED COAL-Chromatographic Features of Bitumen A, its Family Componente and Alcanes

Zhao Shiqing, Wang Feiyu

1988, 10(2): 159-168. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198802159

Abstract(755) PDF-CN(283)

Abstract:
Vitrinites in the samples representing the whole layer of the main mining coal beds were taken from Shanxi Group (P₁¹) and Taiyuan Group of 12 mining areas in Northern Jiangsu and Southern Anhui coal fields in the Southeast of Northern China.The authors made analysis and study on certain parameters of organic geochemistry.The results show that these organic geochemical parameters are all controlled by coal grades and type of vitri-nite,which changes regularly as coal grades improved.For the same coal grade,the vitrinite of Taiyuan coal effectted by transgression is high in the contents of bitumen A,total hydrocarbons,saturated hydrocarons,C₁₂^-/C₂₁⁺ C₂₁+C₂₂/C₂₈+C₂₉,and Pr/Ph ratios;and low in carbon number of main peak of n-alkanes,etc.,all of which are related to the input of marine primary organisms in to the peat bog.

STUDY ON ASPHALTENE AND RESIN OF CHLOROFORM ROCK EXTRACTS AND CRUDE OILS

Cheng Zhongdi

1988, 10(2): 169-175. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198802169

Abstract(603) PDF-CN(295)

Abstract:
The characters of chemical composition and structures of the asphaltene and resin of chloroform rock extracts and crude oils are discussed.Using high performance liquid chromatography,asphaltene and resin are respectively separated into three components,i.e.neutral,weak polar and polar.Furthermore,element composition,infra-red spectrum and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance are analysed for these three components.Experiments show that the aromaticity of the asphaltene components evidently increases with the the polarity,while differences in hetero-atom-substitution and aromaticity exist among the three resin components.These features are all related to the types of the precursor and maturity of source rocks.

CENTRIFUGAL THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY OF GROUP ANALYSIS OF CRUDE OILS AND EXTRACTS

Wang Zikui

1988, 10(2): 176-181. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198802176

Abstract(666) PDF-CN(296)

Abstract:
In view of the present problems existing in column chromatography of the group analysis of crude oils and extracts,the author applied centrifugal thin layer chromatography.Samples are well separated by centrigualization.It is proved that this method has several advantages,such as clear and visible cutting points,good separating effects,etc.Furthermore,because of sectional cutting of aromatic hydrocarbons,chromatic circles are quite clear.

ANALYSING METHOD OF C₁——C₁₂ PNA COMPONENTS IN ROCKS

Tong Oingmu, Chen Shizhen, Ma Shiyin, Li Jinrong

1988, 10(2): 182-188. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198802182

Abstract(598) PDF-CN(310)

Abstract:
A C₁-C₁₂ PNA analysis method for source rock study is introduced.the method involved vacuum degasification under 90°-100°C.The condition of degasification is constant,and strictly controlled.The degassing rate is high,with no distortion for separaed components.The results is proved to be representative.Meanwhile C₁-C₅ calibration factors are determined under optimum condition.C₅-C₁₀⁺ PNA program of HP5880 GC is worked out by revision of the original C₁-C₁₂ PNA program.Thus,the full usage of the instrument is made.The method is effective for C₁-C₁₂ PNA component study.

AN APPROACH ON GASES DERIVED FROM COAL MEASURES IN JIZHONG DEPRESSION——A Discussion with Mr.Wang Xueping et al

Dai Jingxing

1988, 10(2): 189-195. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198802189

Abstract(445) PDF-CN(310)

Abstract:
According to the σ13C values of methane,the gases in Jizhong Depression can be divided into three groups as follows.-55‰ for shallow biogenetic gas,-53.5‰— -40.4‰ for the gas derived from oil,and -39.6‰— -33.9‰ for the gas derived from coal measures.The ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar values of coal measure gas are similar to those of oil-derived gas and they may be formed in the late stage of gas generation.The coal measure gas in the depression mainly formed by secondary gas generation as the depression resubsided in Tertiary time.It is evident that 99,3 percent of the presently proved gas reserves is discovered at Permo-Carboniferous buried hills,and Ordovician buried hills with Permo-Carboniferous cover while only 0.7 percent of the proved gas reserves is discovered in Tertiary systems.

1988 Vol. 10, No. 2

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