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1999 Vol. 21, No. 1

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STUDY ON SOME IMPORTANT PROBLEMS OF GEOTHERMAL FIELD SIMULATION OF BASINS
Wu Chonglong, Li Xing, Liu Gang
1999, 21(1): 1-7. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901001
Abstract(621) PDF-CN(370)
Abstract:
Geothermal field simulation is the basis of basin modeling.This paper probes into some difficult problems about geothermal field simulation of basins and their solving method:(1) From the angle of equilibrum and wreck of underground thermal state,the authors adopt the concepts of normal geothermal field and appended geothermal field to describe the contribution of normal crust mantle convection to the geothermal field and the contribution of magmatic intrusion to geothermal field respectively;(2) The authors try to discuss the method of gaining the thermal flow value about basin bottom,that by using analyzing paleo geothermal structure,and also try to discuss the availability of empirical formula for burial depth of Moho surface which is established on the basis of the relationship of inverted image between basin bottom and Moho surface in gravity compensated area;and (3) Based on the relation curve among thermal conductivity,lithologic characters and earth temperature provided by Ungerer etc,the authors establish an empirical formula about the thermal conductivity of rock through double regression.These methods have been applied to simulation of thermal field of several basins.
THINKING OF INORGANIC ORIGIN THEORY ON PETROLEUM
Zhang Jinglian, Cao Zhenlin, Zhang Ning, Zhu Bingquan, Wang Darui
1999, 21(1): 8-11. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901008
Abstract(858) PDF-CN(1098)
Abstract:
This paper,on the basis of the puzzling kerogen pyrolysis theory,discussed Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic data in the bitumen and kerogen.Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic data don't support the theory which petroleum (bitumen) derived from kerogen.The bitumen in the Tarim basin was from the lower crust but the bitumen in Karamay was from the upper mantle.The discovery of organic silicon compounds in the oils shows that the oils might be synthesized by inorganic interaction in deeper crust or upper mantle.This paper presents an oil (gas) generation hypothesis of organic matter plus inorganic hydrogen.The uncertainties of carbon isotopes showed that carbon isotope is not a reliable tracer.At present,inorganic petroleum theory can be applied to the further petroleum exploration.
UNLOADING FRACTURE——AN IMPORTANT TYPE OF FRACTURES IN THE JURASSIC TIGHT SANDSTONE, WESTERN SICHUAN BASIN
Cao Wei
1999, 21(1): 12-17. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901012
Abstract(588) PDF-CN(412)
Abstract:
A number of comprehensive study data of cores,structures,inclusions,well testing performance and fracture pressure gradient have shown that there are several fracture types in the Jurassic tight sandstone reserviors of western Sichuan basin,such as local structures,subtraction (load relieving),stratification and corrosion etc.The leading origin type of fracture is the paleo subtractive one formed by uplifting subtraction during geohistorical process,which is the main percolation passage in the process of oil/gas concentration,reservoiring and production.
STUDY ON FACIES PATTERNS DURING THE MIGRATION OF THE UPPER TRIASSIC HYDROCARBON IN THE WEST SICHUAN DEPRESSION
Rao Dan
1999, 21(1): 18-22. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901018
Abstract(710) PDF-CN(386)
Abstract:
In this paper,study is focused on the facies patterns during the migration of the Upper Triassic natural gas in the middle part of the West Sichuan Depression from microcosmic angles.It is suggested that the migration of natural gas in this area have experienced water-vapor+water- vapor facies pattern transformation.This provides basis for the correct understanding of regularities for hydrocarbon enrichment and exploration targets in this area.
THE CARBONIFEROUS DEPOSITIONAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY IN THE TARIM BASIN
Wang Junqi, Wu Tao
1999, 21(1): 23-27. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901023
Abstract(591) PDF-CN(418)
Abstract:
The sedimentary environments,development of lithofacies zone,and influence of tectonic movement during the Carboniferous in the Tarim basin were briefly discussed and some typical oil fields were described and assessed in the paper.The favorable targets for hydrocarbon exploration in the Carboniferous of the basin were pointed out.
STUDY ON THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF SOURCE ROCK AND THE POOL FORMING PERIODS OF HYDROCARBON IN THE DAQING BLOCK OF THE TARIM BASIN
Xiao Deming, Feng Zihui
1999, 21(1): 28-33. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901028
Abstract(622) PDF-CN(299)
Abstract:
Based on the analysis on the general geological and geochemical characteristics of hydrocarbon source rock in the Daqing block of the Tarim Basin,the burial history,thermal evolutionary history,hydrocarbon generating history and hydrocarbon expulsion history are restored in this paper.The study reveals that the source rock of Daqing block has the burial characteristics of "the early stage with little subsidence,the middle stage with slow oscillation and the late stage with large subsidence" and the mature and evolutionary characteristics of the Lower Paleozoic source rock with slow evolutionary progress and the Upper Paleozoic source rock with fast one.Affected by above factors,source rock has two major hydrocarbon generating periods and three hydrocarbon expulsion periods,and accordingly every pool forming period of hydrocarbon has three stages.As each pool forming period has different assemblage of generating,storage and capping and different preservation conditions and distributive ranges for the hydrocarbon entered,corresponding strategies should be taken in exploration.
DEEP ORIGIN AND EXPLORATION FOR THE HYDROCARBON OF THE LUNAN SALIENT ON THE HINTERLAND OF THE JUNGGAR BASIN
Wang Yutao, Jiang Shaobin
1999, 21(1): 34-40. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901034
Abstract(808) PDF-CN(393)
Abstract:
The hydrocarbon of the Lunan Salient on the hinterland of the Junggar Basin has the geochemical characteristics of high maturity,low sulfur and high nitrogen contents,heavier carbon isotope,etc.By synthesizing various data,it is considered that the formation of this kind of hydrocarbon should be related to the deep hydrocarbon resources with volcanic material.Tte fingerprinting characteristics of biomarkers show that the Carboniferous mudstone extracts have good affinity to crude oil.Based on such cognition,some suggestions for the hydrocarbon exploration of the area are put forward by the authors.
PETROLEUM SYSTEMS AND EXPLORATDN D IRECTDN OF THE MANGYA DEPRESSDN IN THE QA DAM BASIN
Fan Lianshun, Wang Mingru
1999, 21(1): 41-47. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901041
Abstract(851) PDF-CN(403)
Abstract:
The Mangya Depression in the western part of the Qaidam Basin is the major Tertiary hydrocarbon-producing area of the basin. There distributes the highest gas and oil fields above sea level in the world It is a megadepression evolving from a Mesozoic back-arc paraforeland basin to a Cenozoic intermountain basin, and filledwith large sets of argillaceous rock,calcareousmudstone,carbonate rock and clastic rock of saliniferous-semisaliniferousenvironmentunder the semidry clinateof inland lakeswhich foam a set of giant-thick hydrocarbon source rock w ith two periods of hydrocarbon expulsion peaks, two types of reservoir series aswell as special capping and migration conditions The different allocation of variousoil-generating elements in tine and space constructs the Mangya Depression a large scale of first-order petroleum system constituted by at least five secondrorder petroleum system s Each second-rder petroleum system show smultip1e superposition and intersection in space, and connects continuously and develops layer by layer in tine,By analyzing on thepetroleum system sof the area, it is suggested that the exploration direction of the next step should be mainly deep targets, especially the three zones, the one slope and lithos-tratigraphic gas and oilpools
THE EXPLORATION POTENTIAL IN THE PALEOZOIC IN CHIPING STRUCTURAL ZONE
Liu Zhongquan, Ji Xiaodong, Pang Ji
1999, 21(1): 48-52. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901048
Abstract(729) PDF-CN(324)
Abstract:
Chiping structural zone is a north north east trending fracture anticline belt being complicated by secondary faults,which located in the center of the northwest plunging area of Luxi uplift.The features of structural evolution and the conditions of hydrocarbon accumulation were systematically analysed in the paper.Due to compression and uplift at the end of the Triassic,the Lower and Middle Triassic sequences were widely eroded and Lanliao fault was formed simultaneously.Controlled by Lanliao fault,Chiping structure was finally formed during the Yanshanian period.It is favorable for matching of the secondary generation of the Paleozoic source rocks and the formation of traps.There are 2 sets of source rocks,i.e.the Lower Paleozoic open (limited) sea dark rocks and the Upper Paleozoic coal bearing sequences.The weathering crust at the top of the Lower Paleozoic can act as reservior.The key factor for formation of hydrocarbon pools is the seal.There are more potential for hydrocarbon exploration in the C P residual area of the zone.
SOME NEW UNDERSTANDING OF FORMATION OF YA 13-1 GAS FIELD
An Zuoxiang
1999, 21(1): 53-60. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901053
Abstract(738) PDF-CN(398)
Abstract:
There have been various hypothesis about the formation of Ya 13-1 gas field since it was discovered.If the process of hydrocarbon generation is combined with the development of geological structure,it will be clear that formation of the field is very complicated.There were 4 stages for formation of the field:(1) deposition of source rocks of Yacheng formation;(2) formation of oil pool;(3) deposition of source rocks of Meishan formation;and (4) oil pool became gas pool as a result of charging of hot gas.It is considered that the Yinggehai basin is dominated by gas pools and the Qiongdongnan Basin by oil pools.
FAULT RELATED FOLD——THE STRUCTURAL STYLE IN THE ORDOS BASIN
Zhang Jin, Zhang Qinglong, Ren Wenjun, Yue Huanying, Zhang Jun
1999, 21(1): 61-65. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901061
Abstract(747) PDF-CN(1838)
Abstract:
This paper introduced the basic conceptions of fault related fold.By analysing the geological background of the Ordos basin,observing in the fields and interpreting one west east seismic section which goes through the basin,the authors proved that there are fault-related folds existing in the Ordos basin.The study gave a new way to look for the structural traps in the basin.
THE HYDROCARBON GENERATING POTENTIAL AND CONTRIBUTION OF HYDROGEN RICH MACERAL IN LONGTAN COAL BEARING FORMATION, LIUPANSHUI AREA, GUIZHOU PROVINCE
Liu Huiyong, Zhang Aiyun, Weng Chengmin
1999, 21(1): 66-70. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901066
Abstract(654) PDF-CN(342)
Abstract:
Based on the study of organic geochemistry and organic lithology,this paper mainly discussed the question of the hydrocarbon generating potential and contribution of hydrogen-rich maceral in Liupanshui area,Guizhou province.The authors analysed relationship between composition of hydrogen rich maceral and hydrocarbon generating quantity and put forward one method for calculating hydrocarbon generating contribution.It can be concluded that there is close relationship between composition of hydrogen rich maceral and hydrocarbon generating quantity,and esmocollonite pay more contribution to the hydrocarbon generating process.The hydrocarbon generating potential is the qualitative criterion and the hydrocarbon generating contribution is the quantitative criterion.Therefore hydrocarbon generating contribution can be acted as the important criterion for evaluation of hydrocarbon generation of organic matters.
PRELIMINARY APPROACH TO THE DEFINITION AND CONFIRMATION OF EFFECTIVE PATHWAYS FOR MIGRATION AND ACCUMULATION
Wang Zhenliang, Chen Heli
1999, 21(1): 71-75. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901071
Abstract(649) PDF-CN(453)
Abstract:
The distribution of pool forming systems and migration pathways for hydrocarbon decides the migration direction and amount of hydrocarbon.Starting with pore typed pathways in sandstone and aimed at resource evaluation,it is suggested in this paper that critical saturability should be defined by lower limit standards for industrial hydrocarbon fields(pools) in the areas of the same kind and the water flux of hydrocarbon accumulation areas in different periods.The trapped limits by this saturability value are effective pathways for migration and accumulation.The water flux on planes and profiles can be calculated separately using basin modeling result parameters,and so the distributive limits of effective pathways for migration and accumulation in the different periods of geological history be obtained.This will be advantageous to studying on the history and amount of migration and accumulation.
TESTING TECHNOLOGY OF ADSORPTION/DESORPTION ISOTHERMAL CURVES FOR COAL RESERVOIR
Zhou Shengguo, Guo Shumin
1999, 21(1): 76-81. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901076
Abstract(770) PDF-CN(581)
Abstract:
The testing of adsorption/desorption isothermal curves for coal rock is one sort of technology to obtain key parameters for the reservoir evaluation of coal bed gases.In this paper,the testing technology of isothermal adsorption/desorption under simulated reservoir conditions is introduced.This lays a foundation to providing dependable data and parameters for the reservoir study of coal bed gases.
APPLICATION OF PYROLYSIS ANALYSIS TO THE EVALUATION OF RESERVOIR-PRODUCED LIQUID PROPERTIES
Lang Dongsheng, Zhang Yawen
1999, 21(1): 82-85. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901082
Abstract(630) PDF-CN(315)
Abstract:
By means of pyrolysis analysis on reservoirs,not only their oil possibility can be discriminated,but also their produced liquid properties be described.In this paper,the area to the west of Changyuan,Daqing in the North Songliao Basin is taken as the major study area.Using pyrolysis analytical parameters combined with physical properties,oil-bearing thickness and oil-testing data,it is suggested that reservoir produced liquid properties can be discriminated by pyrolysis parameters together with effective porosity (Oe) and production capacity be predicted by pyrolysis parameters together with oil-bearing thickness.
DISCUSSION ON INJURY MECHANISM OF FLUIDS IN LOW PERMEABLE RESERVIORS
Qian Qin, Tian Peijin
1999, 21(1): 86-90. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901086
Abstract(678) PDF-CN(289)
Abstract:
Based on series compatibility test of formation water of 3 low permeable reserviors with all kinds of alkaline solution,combined with reservior injury assessment by the way of static and dynamic states,this paper analysed injury mechanism of well drillong liquid to reserviors and suggested some requirements of well drilling liquid for protecting reserviors.It was suggested that injury extent of all kinds of external fluid to reserviors should be comprehensively evaluated at the same time of doing core flowing test,then the treatment reagent for well liquid with better compatibility can be selected.
APPLICATION OF THE PYROLYSIS DESORBED HYDROCARBON TECHNOLOGY TO THE GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION OF GAS AND OIL
Feng Xiaoshuang, Li Guiyou
1999, 21(1): 91-94. doi: 10.11781/sysydz199901091
Abstract(667) PDF-CN(331)
Abstract:
Besides included within carbonate mineral (determined by the acidolysis desorbed hydrocarbon method),hydrocarbons existing in surface medium are also occluded in clay and other silicate mineral.The pyrolysis desorbed hydrocarbon technology introduced in this paper makes this part of hydrocarbons desorbed under low and middle temperature.This method is fast and economical,and has brought about satisfactory results for geochemical exploration when applied in the loesslands of North Shaanxi province,the acid soil areas of Henan province and other special geologic landscape areas.It is a new technology worth spreading in gas and oil exploration.

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