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2008 Vol. 30, No. 3

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2008, 30(3)
Abstract(301) PDF-CN(284)
Abstract:
FROM SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY TO SEISMIC SEDIMENTOLOGY—SUMMARIZED FROM THE 5TH CONGRESS OF OIL AND GAS SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY
Wu Yinye, Gu Jiayu, Shi Hesheng, Hou Yu'an
2008, 30(3): 217-220. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803217
Abstract(1034) PDF-CN(426)
Abstract:
The advantage of sequence stratigraphy and its application in oil and gas exploration and deve-lopment appeared in these aspects as follows:(1)Seismic sedimentology is a new marginal and cross subject after seismic stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy.It is a development of sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology,but not a substitute.There are several common techniques named characterization of systems tract,90° phase transformation,strata slice and the seismic spectral decomposition technology.(2)Application of sequence stratigraphy and seismic sedimentology in fine exploration of non-structural traps mainly shows prediction of oil and gas pools related with evolution of sequence and systems tract.(3)The forced regressived systems tract were discovered in lacustrine basin,similar to marine basin.(4)Study on oil and gas sequence stratigraphy in marine carbonate rocks were strengthened.(5)Results of high-frequency sequence stratigraphy,astronomical stratigraphy and palaeo-oceanography events as well as formation and evolution of biological reef reservoirs play an important roles in oil and gas exploration discovery.
CONTROL ON PETROLEUM BY CENOZOIC TECTONIC EVOLUTION IN THE XIHU SAG, THE EAST CHINA SEA BASIN—TAKING PETROLEUM RESPONSE OF THE PINGHU FORMATION AS AN EXAMPLE
He Jiangqi, Liang Shiyou, Chen Yongfeng, Fu Jie
2008, 30(3): 221-226. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803221
Abstract(741) PDF-CN(316)
Abstract:
The Xihu Sag of the East China Sea Basin has experienced 4 prototype evolution stages since Cenozoic,including intracontinental extensional fault depression,transform marginal depression,intracontinental migrated depression and shelf marginal depression.The tectonic evolutions have controlled hydrocarbon generation and migration.Based on the relationship between geological process and petroleum response,it is discussed in this paper the control on petroleum by Cenozoic structural evolution in the Xihu Sag,taking the Pinghu Formation as an example.Influenced by tectonic evolutions,thickness(or residual thickness) of the Pinghu Formation in different parts of the sag is different,which results in the changes of hydrocarbon generation conditions of main source rocks.Meanwhile,evolutions have controlled spatial and temporal changes of temperature field in the Xihu Sag,and provided enough heat for source rocks maturing or resource type transformation.In addition,it has altered the direction of hydrocarbon migration.Oil and gas mainly migrates to the Western Slope and the Eastern Uplift Belt before the Longjing Movement.Afterwards,petroleum also moves in short distances laterally and vertically in the Central Anticline Zone.
ANALYSES OF HYDROCARBON ACCUMULATION CHARACTERISTICS IN THE EAST OF MANJIAER REGION, THE TARIM BASIN
Shao Zhibing, Bai Senshu
2008, 30(3): 227-231. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803227
Abstract(750) PDF-CN(283)
Abstract:
Based on analyses of accumulation material basement,event and mode in the east of Manjiaer region of the Tarim Basin,it has been found out that,besides kerogen source rocks rich in carbonate from Cambrian to Middle—Lower Ordovician,there also exist regenerated hydrocarbon source rocks represented by ancient reservoirs.Formation of accumulations has experienced 3 stages:1) palaeohighs generation and accumulations formation in Middle Caledonian;2) palaeohighs uprising and erosion as well as accumulations destruction and adjustment from Late Caledonian to Indosinian;3) upper structural folds and traps formation as well as cracking gas infilling from Late Yanshanian to Himalayan.The 3rd stage is the main accumulation stage and mainly forms gas pools.
DISCRIMINATING EFFECTIVE PETROLEUM MIGRATION PATHWAYS IN RIFT BASINS—TAKE THE DONGYING SAG AS AN EXAMPLE
Liu Hua, Jiang Youlu, Chen Tao, Gong Yongjie
2008, 30(3): 232-235. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803232
Abstract(690) PDF-CN(335)
Abstract:
To ascertain transmit faults is the key factor to confirm the effective migration pathways which are consist of fault,sand body,unconformity,etc.in!continental rifted basin.Take central uplift belt in the Dongying Sag as an example,begin with the geochemical behavior,fluid property,hydrocarbon show,petroleum physical property etc.,the discriminating methods and distribution of effective migration pathways are definitely.The results show that effective migration pathways in rift basins are controlled by fault validity in time and space,these faults and contacted sand bodies make up effective migration pathways together.Oil and gas divergent from generating sub-sags and accumulate toward the advantage parts of transmit fault with the formation and distance changed.Second and third faults against petroleum generating sub-sags with relatively longer active time are the effective migration pathways, which are well match with the oil-generating stage,and controlling the distribution and process of petroleum.
STRUCTURAL DEFORMATION CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR CONTROL ON OIL AND GAS IN KONGQUEHE AREA, THE TARIM BASIN
Tian Naxin, Cheng Zhe, Chen Wenli, Lin Xueqing
2008, 30(3): 236-241. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803236
Abstract(873) PDF-CN(332)
Abstract:
According to stratigraphic sequence and contact relationship,sediments in Kongquehe area of the Tarim Basin are divided into 3 tectonic layers,and structural units in the region are redetermined based on Paleozoic and Mesozoic structural layers.Faults,mainly striking in NE and NW directions,are divided into 4 groups.There are 5 types of fracture-fold combination patterns,among which the compressional structures are dominant.Structural deformations are both compounding and stacking,with unsymmetrical compound anticlines from east to west and fault-nose structures and slopes from south to north.Vertically,lower Paleozoic is characterized by large nose-1ike uplifts formed from late Caledonian to Hercynian;Carboniferous is characterized by gentle sags and gentle slopes;Mesozoic is characterized by a large slope dipping in southwest direction,forming faulted anticlines during early Yanshanian.Long term tectonic evolutions control the formation of various types of traps.Palaeohighs and palaeoslopes are favorable destinations for hydrocarbon migration.Faults linking to source rocks are basic conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation.Preservation conditions are also critical for oil and gas accumulation.Finally,4 favorable oil and gas exploration targets are pointed out,including interior structures of Cambrian—Ordovician buried carbonate hills in Kunan,Carboniferous anticlines and stratigraphic overlap traps in Caohu,Jurassic and Silurian anticlines in Puhui and Longkou—Weima—Kaiping.
ANALYSIS OF GEOLOGIC FEATURES AND CONTROL FACTORS OF CARBONIFEROUS GAS RESERVOIR IN DINAN UPLIFT, THE JUNGGAR BASIN
Wang Dongliang, Lin Tong, Yang Haibo, Shi Qiang, Miao Weidong, Wang Lan
2008, 30(3): 242-246. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803242
Abstract(863) PDF-CN(338)
Abstract:
By complicated analysis of volcanic core,casting thin sections,intrusive mercury curve of samples and porosity-permeability of gas reservoir in Dinan Uplift of the Junggar Basin,it suggests that the igneous rock reservoir has complex types.There are different reservoir spaces in various lithological igneous rocks,which mainly manifested as that the types of reservoir spaces are various and dominated by lithology,diagenesis and structural development.In a whole,the porous development is controlled by weathering crust and fracture.By an analysis of imaging logging,the more fractures are developed in the igneous rocks.By recognition of fractures,it is obtained that the orientation of these fractures are mainly north-east trending and are obviously controlled by near east-west trending regional major fracture.By an analysis of Carboniferous gas reservoir,it is considered that the faulting has improvement and destroying effect on igneous gas reservoir.That is to say,faults not only can improve reservoir property and provide dominant pathway for gas migration,also can destruct action on the cap rocks of gas reservoir.
STUDY OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF CARBONATE RESERVOIRS IN LUNNAN AND TAHE OIL FIELDS, THE TARIM BASIN—TAKING WELLS S107 AND LG40 AS EXAMPLES
Yang Ning, Lü Xiuxiang, Chen Meitao, Zheng Duoming
2008, 30(3): 247-251. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803247
Abstract(882) PDF-CN(358)
Abstract:
Tahe and Lunnan oil fields are respectively located in the south and the north of the Akekule Uplift,the Tarim Basin.In terms of structural location,it was characterized by structural high in the north and low in the south.The difference of structural actions and the late alteration resulted in the different characteristics of the reservoirs in the two parts.According to the comparative study of the reservoir characteristics in the Well S107 and the Well LG40,some new findings have been got.The Well LG40 is located at the Lunnan oil field which was in the structural high in the north of the Akekule Uplift.The Ordovician carbonate reservoirs are relatively thin thickness.Most part of the Ordovician sequence is absent,with the only stratum is the Yingshan group of the Middle—Lower Ordovician.However,owing to its near the upper unconformity surface,the weathering crust reservoirs was developed and the fractures and the cores were well developed to form an excellent reservoirs.The Tahe oil field where the Well S107 located at is in the southern slope area of the Akekule.The Ordovician sediments were comparatively integrity.But the quite thick Upper Ordovician un-karstic strata made the Middle—Lower Ordovician obstructed from the karst alteration.Besides,due to the Middle—Lower Ordovician sequence was far from the upper unconformity surface,the development of the cores,fractures and holes were limited.The reservoir quality is much poorer compared with the reservoir of the northern area in which the Upper Ordovician was absent.
DIAGENESIS EVOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF DEEP BURIED GLUTENITE RESERVOIR BED IN THE DONGYING SAG, THE BOHAI BAY BASIN
Li Junliang
2008, 30(3): 252-255. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803252
Abstract(699) PDF-CN(424)
Abstract:
Diagenesis evolution of deep buried glutenite fans in the Dongying Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin is complicated with multiple influential factors.Reservoir beds are difficult to forecast.Based on microscopic observation of rock thin-sections,intrinsic and extrinsic factors controlling diagenesis evolution are dissected.It has been concluded that,on one hand,there are some advantageous factors influencing reservoir property including sedimentary facies,undercompaction,halite-gypsum pier cement,acidic fluid solution,early stage hydrocarbon infilling,tectonic movement and chlorite film.On the other hand,there are also some disadvantageous factors such as compaction,cementing of carbonate and sulfate,high content of clay minerals,crystallization of high salinity of formation water,and diffuse of dissolved salts.Firstly,middle fan facies,undercompaction,early stage hydrocarbon infilling and chlorite film are favorable for preservation of primary pore space.Secondly,halite-gypsum pier cement and tectonic movement are favorable for fracture development.Thirdly,solution of carbonate rock and feldspar by acidic fluid is the main factor controlling secondary porosity development.All the three elements constitute three-dimensional connected pore-fracture network which is effective to enhance reservoir property in deep buried glutenite.
ANALYSIS OF PETROLEUM GEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF THE GUERARA BLOCK IN THE TRIASSIC BASIN, ALGERIA
Chen Xia, Yu Huiling, He Yudan, Xu Juzhen
2008, 30(3): 256-259. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803256
Abstract(793) PDF-CN(353)
Abstract:
The Guerara block is located in the north of Triassic Basin which is rich in oil and gas resources with its original hydrocarbon accumulations accounting for 70% of Algeria.The main reservoir type is composite reservoir which are lithologic,stratigraphic pitch-out and anticline hydrocarbon reservoirs.In the study area,the main source rocks are Silurian marine mudstone and the secondary is Ordovician mudstone.The main reservoir rock is Triassic sandstone and the secondary is Ordovician and Cambrian quartz sandstone.The structural traps is mainly anticline with low amplitude.Based on the research of basic accumulation geological conditions,it shows that the occurrence of Silurian hydrocarbon source rocks and petrophysics properties of reservoir are controlling factors of reservoir distribution.The Hercynian unconformity surface and its sandstone in the upper and lower provide the pathway for lateral migation of oil and gas.North-east trending fault and its associated micro-fractures provide the pathway for the vertical migration of oil and gas.The traps-growing belts in Argoub and Bouaicha are selected favorably for breakthrough of future exploration.
THE EOCENE STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION AND CORRELATION OF THE CHALUHE DEPRESSION IN THE YITONG BASIN
Ma Liang, Zhou Jiangyu, Wang Xuli, Jie Yixin, Qiu Yuchao, Miao Hongbo, Li Nan
2008, 30(3): 260-264. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803260
Abstract(804) PDF-CN(337)
Abstract:
The Caluhe Depression of the Yitong Basin is a extension rift basin,due to the complex tectonics,particular morphology,sedimentary source from several directions,several depocenter and subsidence center and the rapid facies transition,there is much difficulty in the stratigraphic division and correlation.Based on the data of predecessor research,involved some methods and data of well lithology,geophysical,paleontology,combined with sequence stratigraphy,this paper deals with the Eocene stratigraphic division and correlation of the Chaluhe Depression in the Yitong Basin.It is suggest that Eo-cene is made of the Shuangyang Formation,the Shelin Formation and the Yongji Formation,and indicate the evidences of strata division and correlated,and analysis the correlation between the Yitong Basin and the Bohai Bay Basin.
PETROLEUM GENERATION MODEL OF A SULFUR—RICH KEROGEN FROM THE LINNAN SAG, THE BOHAI BAY BASIN
Guo Xianling, Xiong Min, Zeng Qinhui, Xiao Xianming
2008, 30(3): 265-269. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803265
Abstract(817) PDF-CN(335)
Abstract:
Kerogen from some source rocks in the third and forth members of the Sahejie Formation in the Linnan Sag,the Bohai Bay Basin have been reported to be sulfur-rich.However,there has been little knowledge about the petroleum-generating model of this type of kerogen.In this paper,the kinetics method was applied to investigate petroleum generation kinetics parameters and geological model for a typical sulfur-rich kerogen from the sag.The results have shown that the oil-generating threshold of the kerogen occurs at EasyRo of 0.53%,the oil-generating peak range from 0.60% to 0.75% and oil-generating death line at 0.85%,corresponding to burial depths of 2 500 m,2 600～3 250 m and 3 850 m,respectively,and its gas-generating threshold is at EasyRo of 1.05% and main gas generation stage occurs from 1.23%,with a burial depth of 4100m and 4 650 m,respectively.Compared with conventional kerogen petroleum-generating models,this sulfur-rich kerogen is characterized by a narrow oil window and an earlier occurrence of oil-generating peak.This result will provide a guide to the petroleum evaluation and exploration in this area.
GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOURCE ROCKS AND ITS HYDROCARBON GENERATION POTENTIAL IN THE DUNHUA BASIN
Yu Mingde, Wang Pujun, Jiang Yongfu, Zhang Bin
2008, 30(3): 270-275. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803270
Abstract(694) PDF-CN(379)
Abstract:
The Dunhua Basin is a Mesozoic and Cenozoic rift basin with superimposed fault-depression in eastern China.Its exploration level is very low.To understand its geochemical characteristics and hydrocarbon generation potential,it has been done quantities of experiments by the method of systematic analysis and the simulation of seismic-geology hydrocarbon-generation based on seismic-geology integra-ted research.These investigations indicate that there are three sets of lacustrine source rocks which are developed in the Dunhua Basin:Lower Cretaceous,Paleogene and Neogene.The Lower Cretaceous and Paleogene are major source rocks.The Lower Neogene is only lower mature source rock.The Lower Cretaceous source rock covers an area of 342 km2,the average effective thickness is 300 m,the organic carbon is 2.11%～3.88%,the type is Ⅱ2-Ⅲ,Ro is 0.8%～1.3%.The Paleogene source rocks cover an area of 430 km2,the average effective thickness is about 400 m,the organic carbon is 2.98%～4.18%,the type is Ⅱ2-Ⅲ,Ro is 0.5%～1.2%.They are both matured hydrocarbons.The total resource of oil and gas is about 1.24×108t.It shows that the area has the potential of forming a medium-sized oil-gas field and it has better prospection.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VITRINITE REFLECTANCE SUPPRESSION AND SOURCE ROCK QUALITY—A CASE STUDY ON SOURCE ROCKS FROM THE DONGYING SAG, BOHAI BAY BASIN
Li Zhiming, Qin Jianzhong, Xu Xuhui, Liu Wenbin, Shi Weijun, Jiang Hong
2008, 30(3): 276-280. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803276
Abstract(1720) PDF-CN(353)
Abstract:
FAMM(fluorescence alteration of multiple macerals) technique is an only effective method for resolving vitrinite reflectance suppression of source rock at present.The FAMM and vitrinite reflectance of various type source rocks are determined in this paper.The relationship between vitrinite reflectance suppression and source rock quality is studied on the basis of measured data and combined with result of predecessors.The studied results show that the levels of vitrinite reflectance suppression are closely related to source rocks quality.The level of vitrinite reflectance suppression is relatively higher in the source rock with better quality.The level of vitrinite reflectance suppression for the source rocks characterized by type Ⅰorganic matter usually ranges from 0.20%～0.35%,average 0.30%;for those characterized by type Ⅱ1 it usually ranges from 0.15%～0.30%,average 0.22%;for those characterized by type Ⅱ2 it usually ranges from 0.10%～0.18%,average 0.15% and for those characterized by type Ⅲ it usually ranges from 0.0%～0.05%,i.e.no suppression or slightly suppression.The vitrinite reflectance suppression is affected complexly by many factors.The levels of vitrinite reflectance suppression of the source rocks from Dongying Sag having positive relationship with hydrogen index shows that vi-trinite reflectance suppression is closely related to relatively more perhydrous of source rocks.This is consistent with better quality source rocks with high level of vitrinite reflectance suppression.
COMPARISON OF CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDROCARBON GENERATION FOR DIFFERENT ALGA
Meng Qingqiang, Ma Liangbang, Zou Ande, Li Zhenfeng
2008, 30(3): 281-285. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803281
Abstract(785) PDF-CN(346)
Abstract:
Porphyra yezoensis hydrous pyrolysis in closed system at different maturity stages were carried out,and their hydrogenation generation characteristics were compared with those of plankton and single cell alga.Double-peaked hydrocarbon production rate was appeared with the temperature ascending in multi-cell benthic macro alga.Light oil was the main product in lower maturation period;gas-carried condensate oil reached its peak and the product rate of gaseous and liquid hydrocarbon was equivalent during maturation period.Gaseous hydrocarbon was dominated because of both the organic matter and liquid hydrocarbon pyrolysis during the high-matured period.The different kinds of alga have different models for hydrocarbon ge-neration and expulsion at different thermal evolution stages.For deoxidation reaction,the plankton alga occurred during the maturity stage while the single and multi-cell alga occurred during low-maturity stage.For the liquid products,the non-hydrocarbon was the main product for plankton and multi-cell alga in both low-maturity and maturity stages,while the asphaltene was the main product for single cell alga in the same stage.In the post-maturity stage,the aromatic hydrocarbon content arose in single-cell alga while the multi-cell alga had the most of saturated hydrocarbon product.The difference of family group for different kinds of alga can affect the resource assessment in certain degree.
EVALUATION OF THE HIGH AND OVER MATURED SINIAN—LOWER PALAEOZOIC SOURCE ROCKS IN THE SICHUAN BASIN
Zhang Lin, Wei Guoqi, Han Long, Wang Lilong, Wang Dongliang
2008, 30(3): 286-291. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803286
Abstract(781) PDF-CN(404)
Abstract:
The highly or over matured source rocks were developed in the Sinian—Lower Palaeozoic sequence in the Sichuan Basin.By using iaser fluorescence induced microscope,many matrix types,such as marine vitrinite,marine inertinite,microme,bitumen and so on,can be identified.Using organic pe-trologic approach,the original matrix types can be resumed,which mainly are typeⅠand type Ⅱ.Based on the systematic determination of organic carbon in the source rocks,the original organic carbon can be restored with recovery coefficient of different organic types.The ordinary TOC of mudstone and shale was 0.21%～17.2%,The ordinary TOC of limestone or dolomite is 0.21%～17.2%.According to the maturity of marine vitrinite and bitumen,the Ro of the source rocks in highly/over matured stage is 2.36%～3.39%.The total hydrocarbon resources of the Sinian—Lower Palaeozoic is 2.14×109 t,and the Leshan—Longnushi uplifted area is a favorable area for nature gas accumulation.
UNCERTAINTIES IN THE INVERSION OF VITRINITE REFLECTANCE PROFILE—A CASE STUDY OF WELL CHAYUAN 1, WEST HUBEI AND EAST CHONGQING
Wang Wei, Zhou Zuyi
2008, 30(3): 292-296. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803292
Abstract(852) PDF-CN(275)
Abstract:
Uncertainties in the inversion of vitrinite reflectance profile are resulted from the strongly nonlinear relationship between strata temperature history and vitrinite reflectance,and as well as the parametric errors further cause the uncertainties.This uncertainties can be described and analyzed by means of Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC).As for the inversion of vitrinite reflectance profile in Well Chayuan 1,the uncertainties can be summarized as:(1) Only when the strata experience the maximum paleotemperature,can vitrinite reflectance profile provide valid constraints on the geothermal gradient and corresponding denudation thickness;(2) For acceptable results,there is negative correlation between the geothermal gradient and the eroded thickness;(3) Errors in input parameters,such as thermal conductivity of rock,ancient surface temperature and relationship between porosity and depth,increase the uncertainties.The inversion results show that the heat flow of this area has decreased by about 20% since Meso-Cenozoic,from(57±4.7) mW/m2 at 145 Ma to 45 mW/m2 at present,and the corresponding denudation thickness is(3.4±0.4) km.
THE GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERS OF CRUDE OILS AND SECONDARY GAS AFTER ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION IN LABORATORY
Duan Chuanli, Chen Jianfa, Guo Jianjun, Shi Shengbao, Li Chengshan, Nie Guozhen
2008, 30(3): 297-301. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803297
Abstract(601) PDF-CN(290)
Abstract:
Two oils(one suffered obviously transformation,the other did not) from the Shengli oilfield were selected for anaerobic biodegradation in laboratory.The oils with microbiological degradation were regularly extracted and analyzed.It showed that the oil group composition was changed during anaerobic degradation,and CO2 was produced and part of them was reduced to CH4.The value of carbon isotope of the secondary CH4 was mainly distributed in about -43.4‰,δ13C of CO2 was mainly in -11.8‰.With the degraded time increasing,δ13C of CH4 was become lighter and δ13C of CO2 become heavier.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEAR-SURFACE EXPRESSIONS OF HYDROCARBON MICROSEEPAGE AND MIGRATION PATHWAYS—A CASE STUDY IN THE ZHUJIADUN GAS FIELD, THE YANCHENG SAG, THE NORTHERN JIANGSU BASIN
Wang Guojian, Cheng Tongjin, Lu Li, Ren Chun, Huang Xin
2008, 30(3): 302-306. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803302
Abstract(681) PDF-CN(349)
Abstract:
Hydrocarbon vertical microseepage is the theoretical foundation of surface geochemistry exploration.Surface geochemical anomalies are dominated by oil-and-gas distribution,cap rock,faults and fractures system as well as reservoir fluid property.In order to learn the dominating factors of surface expressions from hydrocarbon microseepage,surface geochemical explorations with free gas and headspace gas methods have been made over the Zhujiadun Gas Field,the Yancheng Sag,the northern Jiangsu Basin.It has been found out that,hydrocarbon index anomalies are in good response to favorable migration passages over gas fields,proving hydrocarbon vertical microseepage to surface.Analyzing sealing conditions and migration pathways of known gas accumulations,it has been concluded that fracture system in faults and cap rocks and microfracture system in strata are the controlling factors for near surface anomalies of hydrocarbon vertical microseepage.The results are good evidences for further studies of anomaly pattern and mechanism over oil and gas accumulations.
LASER RAMAN MICROSCOPE AND ITS APPLICATION IN GEOLOGY
Zhang Meizhen, Shi Weijun, Zhang Zhirong
2008, 30(3): 307-310. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803307
Abstract(829) PDF-CN(616)
Abstract:
Laser Raman microscope is a new microanalysis device.With characteristics of high accuracy,convenience,high speed and no damage,it has provided the most advanced way for applications of new techniques in geology.Studies of Raman spectra characteristics of different materials help to determine fluid composition and salinity in fluid inclusions.Fluorescence variance of maceral may also be obtained by laser-induced fluorescence.Laser Raman microscopy can provide important evidences for fluid cha-racteristics,sedimentary environment and accumulation stage research.
STUDY OF RESERVOIR WETTABILITY THROUGH WATER FILM STABILITY
Shi Jingping, Zhao Guozhong, Yang Qingyan, Zhao Bo, He Chengzu, Su Zhanyun, Zhang Cheng
2008, 30(3): 311-314. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803311
Abstract(757) PDF-CN(374)
Abstract:
Due to limitations of routine reservoir wettability measurements in low or very low permeability reservoirs,a new method based on stability of water film over rock surface has been suggested.According to physical properties of crude oil,strata water and minerals,with the DLVO theory and the promoted Young-Laplace formula,disjoining pressure of water film over rock surface can be calculated,which stands for stability of water film,hence can be used to judge wettability.Wettability of Athabasca reservoir with high bitumen content in Canada and low permeability reservoir around Daqing Oil Field has been measured,both water-wet.This measurement opens a new way for studies of homogeneous and all kinds of complex heterogeneous wettability of reservoir in the molecular level.
PREDICTION OF GAS HYDRATE FORMATION CONDITIONS IN WELLBORE
Wu Zhiliang
2008, 30(3): 315-320. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803315
Abstract(798) PDF-CN(321)
Abstract:
Empirical formula,phase equilibrium and statistical thermodynamics are major prediction methods for gas hydrate formation conditions.Among them,the phase equilibrium method is not applicable in gas field with higher content of non-hydrocarbon(e.g.content of CO2 in Yaoyingtai Gas Field is up to 22%,so the method is not applicable),and the statistical thermodynamics involves many parameters,so it is not convenient to be used in practice.The methods for calculating wellbore pressure and temperature and selection of formation thermodynamic parameters of gas well were discussed at first.Based on the discussion and taking the measured data of well YS1 in Yaoyingtai Gas Field as example,two empirical formula methods were used to calculate the pressure and temperature under which the gas hydrate was formed in wellbore.On basis of distribution of pressure and temperature at different depth of wellbore and formation conditions of gas hydrate,it can be predicted whether hydrate is formed in wellbore at different flow rates so as to determine a minimum flow rate during production.For new well test,it can be predicted whether hydrate is formed in wellbore according to different production rate and wellhead pressure and temperature so as to formulate testing program and countermeasures in advance and avoid influence of ice barrier caused by hydrate formation on gas well test.
2008, 30(3): 999-999. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200803214
Abstract(755) PDF-CN(309)
Abstract:

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