Yang Yunfeng. Application of bitumen and graptolite reflectance in the Silurian Longmaxi shale, southeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2016, 38(4): 466-472. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201604466
Citation: Yang Yunfeng. Application of bitumen and graptolite reflectance in the Silurian Longmaxi shale, southeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2016, 38(4): 466-472. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201604466

Application of bitumen and graptolite reflectance in the Silurian Longmaxi shale, southeastern Sichuan Basin

doi: 10.11781/sysydz201604466
  • Received Date: 2016-02-05
  • Rev Recd Date: 2016-04-26
  • Publish Date: 2016-07-28
  • Graptolites with clear morphology and pore-filling amorphous bitumen are abundant in the Lower Silurian Longmaxi shales from the southeastern Sichuan Basin. It is very necessary to distinguish them exactly for thermal maturity research in this area. Reflectance measurements of the Longmaxi shales from several boreholes have revealed that graptolite reflectance has a better consistency on regional distribution than bitumen reflectance. Graptolite reflectance is more than 3.0%, which is a little bit higher than bitumen reflectance, and gradually increases from southwest to northeast. The equivalent vitrinite reflectance based on graptolite reflectance is more than 2.0%, indicating that the Longmaxi shales from the southeastern Sichuan Basin are over-mature. However, the correlation between graptolite reflectance and equivalent vitrinite reflectance is uncertain yet, and needs further study.

     

  • loading
  • [1]
    吴礼明,丁文龙,张金川,等.渝东南地区下志留统龙马溪组富有机质页岩储层裂缝分布预测[J].石油天然气学报,2011,33(9):43-46. Wu Liming,Ding Wenlong,Zhang Jinchuan,et al.Fracture prediction of organic-enriched shale reservoir in Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation of southeastern Chongqing area[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2011,33(9):43-46.
    [2]
    聂海宽,张金川.页岩气储层类型和特征研究:以四川盆地及其周缘下古生界为例[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(3):219-225. Nie Haikuan,Zhang Jinchuan.Types and characteristics of shale gas reservoir:A case study of Lower Paleozoic in and around Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2011,33(3):219-225.
    [3]
    张金川,聂海宽,徐波,等.四川盆地页岩气成藏地质条件[J].天然气工业,2008,28(2):151-156. Zhang Jinchuan,Nie Haikuan,Xu Bo,et al.Geological condition of shale gas accumulation in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(2):151-156.
    [4]
    蒲泊伶,蒋有录,王毅,等.四川盆地下志留统龙马溪组页岩气成藏条件及有利地区分析[J].石油学报,2010,31(2):225-230. Pu Boling,Jiang Youlu,Wang Yi,et al.Reservoir-forming conditions and favorable exploration zones of shale gas in Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation of Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(2):225-230.
    [5]
    郭彤楼,刘若冰.复杂构造区高演化程度海相页岩气勘探突破的启示:以四川盆地东部盆缘JY1井为例[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(4):643-651. Guo Tonglou,Liu Ruobing.Implication from marine shale gas exploration breakthrough in complicated structural area at high thermal stage:Taking Longmaxi Formation in well JY1 as an example[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(4):643-651.
    [6]
    郭彤楼,张汉荣.四川盆地焦石坝页岩气田形成与富集高产模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(1):28-36. Guo Tonglou,Zhang Hanrong.Formation and enrichment mode of Jiaoshiba shale gas field,Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(1):28-36.
    [7]
    Cole G A.Graptolite-chitinozoan reflectance and its relationship to other geochemical maturity indicators in the Silurian Qusaiba shale,Saudi Arabia[J].Energy & Fuels,1994,8(6):1443-1459.
    [8]
    Tricker P M,Marshall J E A,Badman T D.Chitinozoan reflectance:A Lower Palaeozoic thermal maturity indicator[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,1992,9(3):302-307.
    [9]
    Obermajer M,Fowler M G,Goodarzi F,et al.Assessing thermal maturity of Palaeozoic rocks from reflectance of chitinozoa as constrained by geochemical indicators:An example from southern Ontario,Canada[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,1996,13(8):907-919.
    [10]
    Chen Xu,Rong Jiayu,Mitchell C E,et al.Late Ordovician to earliest Silurian graptolite and brachiopod zonation from Yangtze region,South China with a global correlation[J].Geological Magazine,2000,137(6):623-650.
    [11]
    陈旭,戎嘉余,周志毅,等.上扬子区奥陶—志留纪之交的黔中隆起和宜昌上升[J].科学通报,2001,46(12):1052-1056. Chen Xu,Rong Jiayu,Zhou Zhiyi,et al.The central Guizhou and Yichang uplifts,Upper Yangtze region,between Ordovician and Silurian[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2001,46(18):1580-1584.
    [12]
    Schoenherr J,Littke R,Urai J L,et al.Polyphase thermal evolution in the Infra-Cambrian Are Group (South Oman Salt Basin) as deduced by maturity of solid reservoir bitumen[J].Organic Geochemistry,2007,38(8):1293-1318.
    [13]
    Petersen H I,Schovsbo N H,Nielsen A T.Reflectance measurements of zooclasts and solid bitumen in Lower Paleozoic shales,southern Scandinavia:Correlation to vitrinite reflectance[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2013,114:1-18.
    [14]
    Landis C R,Castaño J R.Maturation and bulk chemical properties of a suite of solid hydrocarbons[J].Organic Geochemistry,1995,22(1):137-149.
    [15]
    Jacob H.Classification,structure,genesis and practical importance of natural solid bitumen ("migrabitumen")[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1989,11(1):65-79.
    [16]
    Xiao Xianming,Wilkins R W T,Liu Dehan,et al.Investigation of thermal maturity of lower Paleozoic hydrocarbon source rocks by means of vitrinite-like maceral reflectance:A Tarim Basin case study[J].Organic Geochemistry,2000,31(10):1041-1052.
    [17]
    刘德汉,史继扬.高演化碳酸盐烃源岩非常规评价方法探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,1994,21(3):113-115. Liu Dehan,Shi Jiyang.Unconventional evaluation methods for highly evolved carbonate source rocks[J].Petroleum Exploration & Development,1994,21(3):113-115.
    [18]
    Link C M,Bustin R M,Goodarzi F.Petrology of graptolites and their utility as indices of thermal maturity in Lower Paleozoic strata in northern Yukon,Canada[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1990,15(2):113-135.
    [19]
    Briggs D E G,Kear A J,Baas M,et al.Decay and composition of the hemichordate Rhabdopleura:Implications for the taphonomy of graptolites[J].Lethaia,1995,28(1):15-23.
    [20]
    Goodarzi F.Organic petrography of graptolite fragments from Turkey[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,1984,1(3):202-210.
    [21]
    Hunt J M.Petroleum geochemistry and geology[M].New York:W. H. Freeman and Company,1996:1-743.
    [22]
    Taylor G H,Teichmüller M,Davis A,et al.Organic petrology[M].Berlin,Stuttgart:Gebrüder Borntraeger,1998:1-704.
    [23]
    Curiale J A.Origin of solid bitumens,with emphasis on biological marker results[J].Organic Geochemistry,1986,10(1-3):559-580.
    [24]
    Bustin R M,Link C M,Goodarzi F.Optical properties and chemistry of graptolite periderm following laboratory simulated maturation[J].Organic Geochemistry,1989,14(4):355-364.
    [25]
    Clausen C D,Teichmüller M.Die Bedeutung der Graptolithenfragmente im Paläozoikum von Soest-Erwitte für Stratigraphie und Inkohlung[J].Fortschritte in der Geologie von Rheinland und Westfalen,1982,30:145-167.
    [26]
    Goodarzi F,Norford B S.Graptolites as indicators of the temperature histories of rocks[J].Journal of the Geological Society,1985,142(6):1089-1099.
    [27]
    Bertrand R,Héroux Y.Chitinozoan,graptolite,and scolecodont reflectance as an alternative to vitrinite and pyrobitumen reflectance in Ordovician and Silurian strata,Anticosti Island,Quebec,Canada[J].American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,1987,71(8):951-957.
    [28]
    Goodarzi F,Norford B S.Variation of graptolite reflectance with depth of burial[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1989,11(2):127-141.
    [29]
    Bertrand R.Correlations among the reflectances of vitrinite,chitinozoans,graptolites and scolecodonts[J].Organic Geochemistry,1990,15(6):565-574.
    [30]
    Rantitsch G.Coalification and graphitization of graptolites in the anchizone and lower epizone[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1995,27(1):1-22.
    [31]
    曹长群,尚庆华,方一亭.探讨笔石反射率对奥陶系、志留系烃源岩成熟度的指示作用[J].古生物学报,2000,39(1):151-156. Cao Changqun,Shang Qinghua,Fang Yiting.The study of graptolite reflectance as the indicator of source rock maturation in Ordovician and Silurian of Tarim Basin,Ordos,Jiangsu area[J].Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,2000,39(1):151-156.
    [32]
    丰国秀,陈盛吉.岩石中沥青反射率与镜质体反射率之间的关系[J].天然气工业,1988,8(3):20-25. Feng Guoxiu,Chen Shengji.Relationship between the reflectance of bitumen and vitrinite in rock[J].Natural Gas Industry,1988,8(3):20-25.
    [33]
    Riediger C L.Solid bitumen reflectance and Rock-Eval Tmax as maturation indices:An example from the "Nordegg Member",Western Canada Sedimentary Basin[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1993,22(3-4):295-315.
    [34]
    Bertrand R,Malo M.Dispersed organic matter reflectance and thermal maturation in four hydrocarbon exploration wells in the Hudson Bay Basin:Regional implications[Z].Geological Survey of Canada,Open File 7066,2012:1-52,doi: 10.4095/289709.
    [35]
    Luo Qingyong,Zhong Ningning,Dai Na,et al.Graptolite-derived organic matter in the Wufeng-Longmaxi formations (Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian) of southeastern Chongqing,China:Implications for gas shale evaluation[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2016,153:87-98.
  • 加载中

Catalog

    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

    1. 本站搜索
    2. 百度学术搜索
    3. 万方数据库搜索
    4. CNKI搜索

    Article Metrics

    Article views (1628) PDF downloads(1275) Cited by()
    Proportional views
    Related

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return