Main controlling factors and genesis models of reservoir development in Lower Paleozoic of Qingyang paleo-uplift, Ordos Basin

CHEN Zhaobing; PANG Tianyi; HAO Zekun; SONG Wei; YANG Kerong; MENG Fengming; GAO Jianrong; DUAN Chenyang

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025030490

Volume 47 Issue 3

May 2025

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT > 2025 > 47(3): 490-503

CHEN Zhaobing, PANG Tianyi, HAO Zekun, SONG Wei, YANG Kerong, MENG Fengming, GAO Jianrong, DUAN Chenyang. Main controlling factors and genesis models of reservoir development in Lower Paleozoic of Qingyang paleo-uplift, Ordos Basin[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2025, 47(3): 490-503. doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025030490

Citation:

CHEN Zhaobing, PANG Tianyi, HAO Zekun, SONG Wei, YANG Kerong, MENG Fengming, GAO Jianrong, DUAN Chenyang. Main controlling factors and genesis models of reservoir development in Lower Paleozoic of Qingyang paleo-uplift, Ordos Basin[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2025, 47(3): 490-503. doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025030490

Citation:

CHEN Zhaobing, PANG Tianyi, HAO Zekun, SONG Wei, YANG Kerong, MENG Fengming, GAO Jianrong, DUAN Chenyang. Main controlling factors and genesis models of reservoir development in Lower Paleozoic of Qingyang paleo-uplift, Ordos Basin[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2025, 47(3): 490-503. doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025030490

PDF( 8604 KB)

Main controlling factors and genesis models of reservoir development in Lower Paleozoic of Qingyang paleo-uplift, Ordos Basin

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025030490

CHEN Zhaobing^{1, 2
,},
PANG Tianyi^{1, 2
,
,},
HAO Zekun³,
SONG Wei⁴,
YANG Kerong⁵,
MENG Fengming⁶,
GAO Jianrong⁴,
DUAN Chenyang^{1, 2}

1.
School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
2.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Geology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
3.
School of Petroleum Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
4.
Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China
5.
Exploration Division of Yumen Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Jiuquan, Gansu 735019, China
6.
No.2 Gas Production Plant of Changqing Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710200, China

Received Date: 2024-06-14
Rev Recd Date: 2025-03-05
Publish Date: 2025-05-28

Abstract

Abstract

In recent years, significant progress has been made in exploring the Lower Paleozoic deep natural gas of the Qingyang paleo-uplift in the southwestern Ordos Basin. However, the reservoirs in this region are generally tight, and the formation mechanisms of high-quality reservoirs are complex, making sweet spot prediction difficult. Based on drilling, logging, and seismic data, as well as experimental test data, this study analyzed the reservoir development types and main controlling factors of the gas-bearing layers, including the Cambrian Zhangxia Formation and Sanshanzi Formation, and the second and fourth members of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation (Ma 2 and Ma 4). A genesis model of the Lower Paleozoic reservoirs in the Qingyang paleo-uplift was established. Four types of reservoirs were developed in the region: dolomite reservoirs, shoal reservoirs, karst reservoirs (supergene karst and fault-karst reservoirs), and structural micro-fracture reservoirs. Among them, the Sanshanzi Formation as well as the Ma 2 and Ma 4 members mainly featured dolomite reservoirs, while shoal reservoirs dominated the Zhangxia Formation. Karst reservoirs and structural micro-fracture reservoirs were developed across all layers. The controlling effect of sedimentary facies belts, weathered crusts, and faults on the development of Lower Paleozoic reservoirs in the Qingyang paleo-uplift was significant. Sedimentary facies belts controlled the development of intergranular (dissolution) pores in shoals and intercrystalline (dissolution) pores in dolomite. Two phases of weathered crusts controlled the development of supergene karst reservoirs, with the weathered crusts at the top of the Ordovician being the most influential. Karst residual hills controlled the planar distribution of strong dissolution areas. The vertical dissolution intensity and gas content of reservoirs were closely related to their distance from the top of the weathered crust. Faults controlled the distribution of fault-karst reservoirs, and their associated micro-fractures effectively improved the reservoir properties. Based on these findings, four reservoir genesis models, including shoal-fault type, residual hill-fault type, dolomite-karst type, and dolomite-fault type, were established, providing insights into the exploration of the Lower Paleozoic natural gas in the Qingyang paleo-uplift.
- reservoir types,
- reservoir genesis models,
- Lower Paleozoic,
- Qingyang paleo-uplift,
- Ordos Basin

All authors declare no relevant conflict of interests.
CHEN Zhaobing and PANG Tianyi participated in paper writing and revision. HAO Zekun, SONG Wei, MENG Fengming, and DUAN Chenyang drew figures and organized the experimental data. YANG Kerong and GAO Jianrong completed seismic interpretation. All authors have read the final version of the paper and consented to its submission.

FullText(HTML)

References(39)

References

[1]	邹才能, 林敏捷, 马锋, 等. 碳中和目标下中国天然气工业进展、挑战及对策[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2024, 51(2): 418-435. ZOU Caineng, LIN Minjie, MA Feng, et al. Development, challenges and strategies of natural gas industry under carbon neutral target in China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2024, 51(2): 418-435.
[2]	张宇慧, 朱正平, 罗文军, 等. 四川盆地高石梯地区震旦系灯影组四段微生物碳酸盐岩微相组合发育特征与储层主控因素分析[J]. 现代地质, 2023, 37(5): 1282-1292. ZHANG Yuhui, ZHU Zhengping, LUO Wenjun, et al. Development characteristics and reservoir controlling factors of microbial carbonate microfacies longitudinal assemblage in the Dengying Formation (the 4th Member) of Sinian System in Gaoshiti area, Sichuan Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2023, 37(5): 1282-1292.
[3]	卢志明, 徐士鹏, 艾尼·买买提, 等. 海外碳酸盐岩油藏储层特征分析及其对产能影响[J]. 特种油气藏, 2021, 28(3): 47-53. LU Zhiming, XU Shipeng, MAIMAITI AINI, et al. Analysis of reservoir characteristics and their effect on productivity of overseas carbonate reservoirs[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2021, 28(3): 47-53.
[4]	王牧原, 李勇, 吴克柳, 等. 孔隙型碳酸盐岩油藏储层微观孔隙结构定量表征及驱油效果评价[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2024, 31(2): 96-107. WANG Muyuan, LI Yong, WU Keliu, et al. Quantitative characterization of microscopic pore structure and oil recovery evaluation in porous carbonate reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2024, 31(2): 96-107.
[5]	谢锦龙, 黄冲, 王晓星. 中国碳酸盐岩油气藏探明储量分布特征[J]. 海相油气地质, 2009, 14(02): 24-30. XIE Jinlong, HUANG Chong, WANG Xiaoxing. Distribution characteristics of proven reserves of carbonate oil and gas reservoirs in China[J]. Marine Oil and Gas Geology, 2009, 14(02): 24-30.
[6]	牛小兵, 吴东旭, 刘新社, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地马家沟组中—下组合岩相古地理演化及储层分布规律[J]. 地质科学, 2024, 59(3): 625-636. NIU Xiaobing, WU Dongxu, LIU Xinshe, et al. Paleogeographic evolution of the middle and lower assemblages of the Majiagou Formation in the Ordos Basin and the pattern of reservoir distribution[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 2024, 59(3): 625-636.
[7]	周雁, 付斯一, 张涛, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地下古生界构造—沉积演化、古地理重建及有利成藏区带划分[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2023, 44(2): 264-275. ZHOU Yan, FU Siyi, ZHANG Tao, et al. Tectono-sedimentary evolution, paleo-geographic reconstruction and play fairway delineation of the Lower Paleozoic, Ordos Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019, 44(2): 264-275.
[8]	郑萌, 梁积伟, 冯振伟, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地中部寒武纪岩相古地理研究[J]. 西北地质, 2023, 56(6): 352-368. ZHENG Meng, LIANG Jiwei, FENG Zhenwei, et al. Lithofacies paleogeography of the Cambrian in the central Ordos Basin[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2023, 56(6): 352-368.
[9]	李涵, 付金华, 季汉成, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上古生界风化壳型铝土岩系发育过程及优势储层分布规律[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2023, 44(5): 1243-1255. LI Han, FU Jinhua, JI Hancheng, et al. Bauxite series in the Upper Paleozoic weathering crusts in the southwestern Ordos Basin: development and distribution of dominant reservoirs[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(5): 1243-1255.
[10]	刘显阳, 魏柳斌, 刘宝宪, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地西南部寒武系风化壳天然气成藏特征[J]. 天然气工业, 2021, 41(4): 13-21. LIU Xianyang, WEI Liubin, LIU Baoxian, et al. Characteristics of natural gas accumulation in the Cambrian weathering crust in the southwestern Ordos Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2021, 41(4): 13-21.
[11]	杜金虎, 李相博, 包洪平, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地中新元古界—下古生界天然气成藏地质条件及勘探新领域[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2019, 46(5): 820-835. DU Jinhu, LI Xiangbo, BAO Hongping, et al. Geological conditions of natural gas accumulation and new exploration areas in the Mesoproterozoic to Lower Paleozoic of Ordos Basin, NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2019, 46(5): 820-835.
[12]	魏国齐, 朱秋影, 杨威, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地寒武纪断裂特征及其对沉积储集层的控制[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2019, 46(5): 836-847. WEI Guoqi, ZHU Qiuying, YANG Wei, et al. Cambrian faults and their control on the sedimentation and reservoirs in the Ordos Basin, NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2019, 46(5): 836-847.
[13]	张春林, 邢凤存, 张月巧, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地早古生代庆阳和乌审旗古隆起构造演化及其对寒武系岩相古地理的控制[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2023, 44(1): 89-100. ZHANG Chunlin, XING Fengcun, ZHANG Yueqiao, et al. Tectonic evolution of Qingyang and Wushenqi paleo-uplifts during the Early Paleozoic and its control on Cambrian lithofacies paleogeography in the Ordos Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(1): 89-100.
[14]	吴淳, 刘波, 魏柳斌, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地怀远运动期岩溶古地貌恢复及油气地质意义[J]. 地质科学, 2024, 59(3): 732-743. WU Chun, LIU Bo, WEI Liubin, et al. The restoration of palaeokarst geomorphology during Huaiyuan Movement and its petroleum geological significance in Ordos Basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 2024, 59(3): 732-743.
[15]	包洪平, 邵东波, 郝松立, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地基底结构及早期沉积盖层演化[J]. 地学前缘, 2019, 26(1): 33-43. BAO Hongping, SHAO Dongbo, HAO Songli, et al. Basement structure and evolution of early sedimentary cover of the Ordos Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2019, 26(1): 33-43.
[16]	张雷, 曹茜, 张才利, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地含铝岩系天然气成藏主控因素与勘探启示[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2024, 51(3): 541-552. ZHANG Lei, CAO Qian, ZHANG Caili, et al. Main controlling factors and exploration enlightenment of aluminous rock series gas reservoirs in Ordos Basin, NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2024, 51(3): 541-552.
[17]	何发岐, 王付斌, 郭利果, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地古生代原型盆地演化与构造沉积格局变迁[J]. 石油实验地质, 2022, 44(3): 373-384. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202203373 HE Faqi, WANG Fubin, GUO Liguo, et al. Evolution of prototype basin and change of tectonic-sedimentary pattern in Paleozoic, Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2022, 44(3): 373-384. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202203373
[18]	李相博, 王宏波, 黄军平, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地怀远运动不整合面特征及油气勘探意义[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(5): 1043-1055. LI Xiangbo, WANG Hongbo, HUANG Junping, et al. Characteristics of unconformity resulted from Huaiyuan Movement in Ordos Basin and its significance for oil and gas exploration[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(5): 1043-1055.
[19]	魏国齐, 朱秋影, 杨威, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地南缘寒武纪铜川裂陷的发现及油气地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(9): 1223-1235. WEI Guoqi, ZHU Qiuying, YANG Wei, et al. Geological characteristics and petroleum geological significance of Cambrian Tongchuan rift in the southern margin of Ordos Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(9): 1223-1235.
[20]	毛丹凤, 何登发, 包洪平, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地怀远运动期不整合类型及其分布特征[J]. 古地理学报, 2024, 26(1): 119-131. MAO Danfeng, HE Dengfa, BAO Hongping, et al. Distribution characteristics of different Huaiyuan unconformities in Ordos Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography (Chinese Edition), 2024, 26(1): 119-131.
[21]	毛丹凤, 何登发, 包洪平, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地乌审旗古隆起的分布、演化及构造属性[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2023, 50(4): 755-766. MAO Danfeng, HE Dengfa, BAO Hongping, et al. Distribution, evolution and structural properties of Wushenqi paleo-uplift in Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2023, 50(4): 755-766.
[22]	邓军, 王庆飞, 黄定华, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地基底演化及其对盖层控制作用[J]. 地学前缘, 2005, 12(3): 91-99. DENG Jun, WANG Qingfei, HUANG Dinghua, et al. Basement evolution of the Ordos Basin and its constraint on cap rock[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2005, 12(3): 91-99.
[23]	周进高, 席胜利, 邓红婴, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地寒武系—奥陶系深层海相碳酸盐岩构造—岩相古地理特征[J]. 天然气工业, 2020, 40(2): 41-53. ZHOU Jin'gao, XI Shengli, DENG Hongying, et al. Tectonic-lithofacies paleogeographic characteristics of Cambrian-Ordovician deep marine carbonate rocks in the Ordos Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2020, 40(2): 41-53.
[24]	郭彦如, 赵振宇, 徐旺林, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系层序地层格架[J]. 沉积学报, 2014, 32(1): 44-60. GUO Yanru, ZHAO Zhenyu, XU Wanglin, et al. Sequence stratigraphy of the Ordovician system in the Ordos Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2014, 32(1): 44-60.
[25]	刘新社, 何佳峻, 魏柳斌, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系盐下层系白云岩储层沉积特征及发育演化机理[J]. 地质科学, 2024, 59(3): 637-659. LIU Xinshe, HE Jiajun, WEI Liubin, et al. Sedimentary characteristics and evolution mechanism of Ordovician pre-salt dolomite reservoirs in the central and eastern Ordos Basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Geological Sciences, 2024, 59(3): 637-659.
[26]	牟春国, 许杰, 古永红, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马家沟组四段储层特征及主控因素[J]. 石油实验地质, 2023, 45(4): 780-790. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202304780 MOU Chunguo, XU Jie, GU Yonghong, et al. Reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of the fourth member of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in the central and eastern Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2019, 45(4): 780-790. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202304780
[27]	郭江南. 鄂尔多斯盆地南部三山子组白云岩储层特征研究[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2016. GUO Jiangnan. Study on reservoir characteristics of Sanshanzi Formation dolomite in the south of Ordos Basin[D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2016.
[28]	李维岭, 周进高, 吴兴宁, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地南缘中寒武统张夏组鲕粒滩相储层特征及主控因素[J]. 海相油气地质, 2021, 26(1): 25-34. LI Weiling, ZHOU Jin'gao, WU Xingning, et al. Characteristics of oolitic shoal reservoir and its main controlling factors of Zhangxia Formation in the southern margin of Ordos Basin[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 2021, 26(1): 25-34.
[29]	艾笛. 鄂尔多斯盆地重点露头剖面张夏组沉积相研究[D]. 荆州: 长江大学, 2019. AI Di. Study on sedimentary facies of Zhangxia Formation in key outcrop section of Ordos Basin[D]. Jingzhou: Yangtze University, 2019.
[30]	何发岐, 张威, 丁晓琪, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地乌审旗古隆起对岩溶气藏的控制机理[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2023, 44(2): 276-291. HE Faqi, ZHANG Wei, DING Xiaoqi, et al. Controlling mechanism of Wushenqi paleo-uplift on paleo-karst gas reservoirs in Ordos Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(2): 276-291.
[31]	张益铭. 鄂尔多斯盆地西南部彬长地区断裂特征及其形成机制[D]. 西安: 西北大学, 2023. ZHANG Yiming. Characteristics and formation mechanism of faults in Binchang area, southwestern Ordos Basin[D]. Xi'an: Northwest University, 2023.
[32]	郭绪杰, 吴兴宁, 金武弟, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地马家沟组四段岩相古地理新认识及勘探区带优选[J]. 古地理学报, 2023, 25(1): 105-118. GUO Xujie, WU Xingning, JIN Wudi, et al. New analysis of lithofacies palaeogeography and exploration area selection of the member 4 of Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography (Chinese Edition), 2023, 25(1): 105-118.
[33]	黄雷, 刘池洋, 何发岐, 等. 克拉通盆地内断裂走滑变形特征[J]. 西北大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 52(6): 930-942. HUANG Lei, LIU Chiyang, HE Faqi, et al. Strike-slip deformation characteristics of fault in craton basin[J]. Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2022, 52(6): 930-942.
[34]	陈平, 李明瑞, 李维, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地东部高家堡地区下古生界断裂分层变形特征及形成机制[J]. 石油实验地质, 2024, 46(3): 542-552. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202403542 CHEN Ping, LI Mingrui, LI Wei, et al. Characteristics and formation mechanism of stratified deformation of Lower Paleozoic faults in Gaojiapu area, eastern Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2024, 46(3): 542-552. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202403542
[35]	王启超, 刘光祥, 吴疆, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地旬宜地区下古生界走滑断裂特征与油气勘探意义[J]. 石油实验地质, 2024, 46(2): 342-353. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402342 WANG Qichao, LIU Guangxiang, WU Jiang, et al. Characteristics of Lower Paleozoic strike-slip faults and their significance for oil and gas exploration in Xunyi-Yijun area, Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2024, 46(2): 342-353. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402342
[36]	何海清, 郭绪杰, 赵振宇, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系盐下马四段天然气成藏新认识及勘探重大突破[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2022, 49(3): 429-439. HE Haiqing, GUO Xujie, ZHAO Zhenyu, et al. New understandings on gas accumulation and major exploration breakthroughs in subsalt Ma 4 member of Ordovician Majiagou Formation, Ordos Basin, NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2022, 49(3): 429-439.
[37]	雷涛, 唐明远, 任广磊, 等. 非渗透层下白云岩断控成藏模式: 以大牛地气田马家沟组中下组合为例[J]. 地质科技通报, 2024, 43(5): 18-30. LEI Tao, TANG Mingyuan, REN Guanglei, et al. Gas accumulation model of dolostones reservoirs beneath non-permeable layers controlled by faults: a case study of the middle-lower assemblage of Majiagou Formation in the Daniudi gas field[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2024, 43(5): 18-30.
[38]	曾杰, 董少峰. 川西北地区中二叠统栖霞组白云岩形成机理: 以车家坝剖面为例[J]. 石油实验地质, 2024, 46(2): 288-298. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402288 ZENG Jie, DONG Shaofeng. Origin of dolomite in Middle Permian Qixia Formation in northwestern Sichuan Basin: a case study of Chejiaba section[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2024, 46(2): 288-298. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402288
[39]	杨浩, 潘磊, 全力, 等. 川东南地区中二叠统茅口组三段白云岩成因机理[J]. 石油实验地质, 2024, 46(2): 311-318. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402311 YANG Hao, PAN Lei, QUAN Li, et al. Genetic mechanism of dolomite in third member of Maokou Formation in Middle Permian, southeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2024, 46(2): 311-318. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402311

Relative Articles

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Figures(11) / Tables(3)

Citation

XML

PDF-CN

Article Metrics

Article views (14) PDF downloads(3)

Main controlling factors and genesis models of reservoir development in Lower Paleozoic of Qingyang paleo-uplift, Ordos Basin

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025030490

Abstract

References

Proportional views

Catalog

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Article Metrics

Proportional views

Related

Main controlling factors and genesis models of reservoir development in Lower Paleozoic of Qingyang paleo-uplift, Ordos Basin

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025030490

Abstract

References

Proportional views

Catalog

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Article Metrics

Proportional views

Related

Export File

Citation

Format

Content