Abstract: Based on the critical problems presently existing during the study of the Hefei Basin and the late research trend of related subject domains, the basic principles, the research train of thought and the corresponding multiple-subjects-combined research method for the prototype restoration and hydrocarbon evaluation of the basin were comprehensively analysed and discussed. It was emphasized that the study of the Hefei Basin must insist on the basic principles of overall, dynamic and comprehensive analyses. The multiple-subjects-combined comprehensive research method, which combining the former and modern structural analysis of the basin with the evolution of orogenic belts, the restoration of original basins with the dynamic prediction of hydrocarbon accumulation and geology with geophysics, was used to completely reveal the original geologic structure of the Hefei Basin and the characteristics of its formation, evolution and multicycle complex reconstruction, the formation-reconstruction-occurrence environments of hydrocarbon accumulation factors in the different evolutionary stages of the basin, and their space-time matching relation to hydrocarbon accumulation. Besides, the advantageous hydrocarbon accumulation-preservation units and the favorable exploration targets of the Hefei Basin were predicted objectively.