石油实验地质

2000, 22(4): 192-296. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004192

Abstract(534) PDF-CN(507)

Abstract:

FORMING MECHANISM OF HYDROCARBON POOLS IN TAHE OILFIELD OF THE NORTHERN TARIM BASIN

HUANG Hai-ping

2000, 22(4): 297-301. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004297

Abstract(769) PDF-CN(425)

Abstract:
High temperature GC analysis of high molecular weight hydrocarbons (HMWHCs) was performed on marginal mature source rock extractions from the Shahejie Formation, Damintun Depression, whose oil is particularly rich in wax. Organic composition and depositional environment are the main control factors for the formation of HMWHCs. The main maceral components in organic-rich samples (TOC>3.0%) are liptinite and exinite, deposited in relatively reduced environment. They contain high amount of waxes but dominated by macrocrystalline ones (centred at C₂₉). Those organic-lean samples (TOC<2.0%) are dominated by vitrinite, deposited in a slightly oxidized environment. They contain lower amount of waxes but relatively rich in microcrystalline components. Besides normal alkanes, high amounts of branched/cyclic hydrocarbons have been detected in the region above C₅₀.

RESEARCH OF SUBSIDENCE AND SEDIMENTATION OF THE KUQA MESO-CENOZOIC FORELAND BASIN

LIU Jing-yan, LIN Chang-song, YU Yue-yu, WU Fa-dong, JIANG Liang, CHEN Zhi-yong

2000, 22(4): 302-306. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004302

Abstract(927) PDF-CN(663)

Abstract:
An improved method to calculate denuded amount by the exponential model of sonic propagation time vs. depth is suggested in this paper. The method considered the physical range of sonic propagation time in rock matrix and the sonic propagation time in Earth's surface, and can well reflect geologic reality and predict compaction trend in shallow and great depths so as to improve the estimation of denuded amount. The improved method is applied to the Triassic strata of the Xihu Depression, the East China Sea by the authors to fit compaction trend and to calculate the denuded amount of major unconformity planes. The estimated denuded thickness of T₁⁰ interface at the end of the Miocene in well Donghai-1 is about 1750m.

SOURCE ROCK CHARACTERISTICS AND OIL/GAS SOURCES OF THE BACHU UPLIFT IN THE TARIM BASIN

GU Yi

2000, 22(4): 307-312. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004307

Abstract(846) PDF-CN(493)

Abstract:
On basis of studies of reservoir bitumen, liquid inclusion, saturation pressure/bubble point pressure of hydrocarbon pools, there are 4 stages of formation of hydrocarbon pools in Tahe Oilfield and its adjacent: (1) the destruction of pools was occurred in the Early Hercynian, pool-forming and modification in the Late Hercynian, formation of oil pools in the Yanshanian-Early Himalayan, and formation of light oil and gas pools in the Late Himalayan. The forming mechanism of hydrocarbon pools of the Tahe Oilfield can be superimposition, combination and modification of pools in the Tahe Oilfield were supported by the continuous supply of oil and gas from the Lower Paleozoic source rocks since the Hercynian; (2) the Tahe area was long located in a slope, where was the only way of hydrocarbon migration and provided basic condition for large scale of accumulation and multiple pool-forming; (3) efficient combination of reservoirs and seals in various level and the difference of hydrocarbon distribution in time and space resulted in multiple pool-forming and changes of oil and gas properties after pools were formed; (4) evolution of sealing system of pools played very important role in hydrocarbon preservation, destruction and modification. The formation and destruction of early sealing system provided clues for discovery of marine heavy primary oil reservoirs; and reconstruction of late sealing system was important factors for preservation of secondary and primary light oil reservoirs and especially gas reservoirs.

MARINE SEDIMENTARY SEQUENCES AND MAJOR GAS FIELDS IN CHINA

LIU Guang-xiang, QIAN Yi-xiong, PAN Wen-lei

2000, 22(4): 313-318. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004313

Abstract(734) PDF-CN(334)

Abstract:
Height of forebulge and orogenic belt and width of the Kuqa foreland basin have been calculated in the burial and tectonic subsiding history recovery on the base of flexural profile equation for a broken、thin、infinite、elastic plate. The results indicated:(1) The original sedimentation distribution in the Triassic-Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous appeared east-north orientation; (2) The tectonic subsiding curves can be divided into three sections of "steep-gentle-steep" at north of the Kuqa foreland basin, but it was turn into four sections of "gertle-step-gentle-steep" at south parts; (3) The transect profiles of sedimentation structure in the Kuqa foreland basin showed a typical "doorstop" wedge shape in the Early(P₂-T) and Later(N-Q) periods, but a asymmetric "V" shape in the medium periods(J-E).

HYDROCHEMICAL CONDITIONS AND NATURAL GAS ACCUMULATION IN THE MIDDLE PART GASFIELD OF THE ORDOS BASIN

GAO Zhi-nong

2000, 22(4): 319-324. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004319

Abstract(716) PDF-CN(323)

Abstract:
The author systematically evaluates the organic geochemical characteristics of five sets of hydrocarbon source rock series in the Bachu Uplift of the Tarim Basin, studies the distributive features of organic facies for the carbonate and argillaceous source rocks of various strata in plane and section, and discusses the oil/gas sources of the Bachu Uplift. The results show that the major hydrocarbon source rocks of the strdy area are the Cambrian-Ordovician high-mature marine carbonate source rocks in the deep part, while the Carboniferous marine and terrigenous mixed source rocks take second place. The oil and gas mainly comes from deep source rocks of the study area. It is clear that the oil-generating contribution of the east is greater than that of the west, and the contribution of the north is greater than that of the south. Meanwhile, there is the Carboniferous crude oil migrated laterally from the Southwest Depression.

CHARACTERISTICS OF SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY AND PREDICTION OF FAVORABLE GAS ZONES FOR THE SOUTH EDGE OF THE JUNGGAR BASIN

ZENG Xian-bin, ZHANG Jing-hua, JIN Hui, YUAN Shu-hua

2000, 22(4): 325-329. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004325

Abstract(695) PDF-CN(471)

Abstract:
Presently sixty-eight major natural gas fields have been discovered in marine and transitional continental-oceanic sequences in China and marine sedimentary sequences are favorable for exploration of natural gas.The marine sedimentary sequences in three cratonic basins are composed of two major cycles of transgression and regression,in which multiple combination of source rocks,reservoirs and seals was formed.In addition,as a result of tectonic movement many unconformities were formed and stratigraphic-lithological gas pools were developed.There are 4 kind of gas fields in marine sequences:(1) stratigraphic-lithological gas traps related with old uplift;(2) anticlinal gas pools related with old uplift and late tectonic movement;(3) lithological gas pools of reef,oolite beach or sandbody;(4) large anticlinal gas pools under compressional background.In one word,distribution of natural gas is closely related with old uplift,reservoir conditions and tectonic activity.

GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF STERANES AND TERPANES IN THE CARBONIFEROUS POTENTIAL SOURCE ROCKS OF THE SOUTH QILIAN BASIN

XU Guo-sheng, SONG Huan-rong, ZHOU Wen

2000, 22(4): 330-335. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004330

Abstract(775) PDF-CN(335)

Abstract:
This paper aims at ascertaining the geochemical environment of reservoirs, calculating the oil/gas prospects of reservoirs and establishing the identification indexes of hydrocarbon by the research of modern hydrogeologic characteristics and trackways. The Ordovician Majiagou formation water in the middle part gasfield of the Ordos Basin has high concentration and deep orthometamorphic degree, and is all CaCl₂-typed. This indicates that it enters into the complete hydrologic exchanging-stagnant zone and has good sealing conditions. It experienced the evolutionary process of the hydrochemical field, from carbonate rock synsedimentary sea-water to the leached water in the weathering and denuding period, and from the condensed metamorphic water with high mineralization degree in the burial period to the gasfield associated water in the pool-forming period. Compared with sea-water in-house evaporating and condensing curves, M5₁ gasfield water enriches Cl^- and Ca²⁺ and expends Na⁺ and Mg²⁺, showing that the completely isolated setting of reduction is favorable to the accumulation and preservation of natural gas. In this paper, the relationship between hydrochemical characteristic parameters and natural gas accumulation is discussed, and the index system to identify gas prospects by modern hydrochemical characteristics in M5₁ reservoir is set up.

INVESTIGATIONS OF THE PALEOZOIC AND ARCHAEAN RESERVOIRS IN THE CHENGBEI-30 BURIED HILL, THE BOHAIWAN BASIN

WANG Hong-liang, DENG Hong-wen, SUN De-jun

2000, 22(4): 336-340. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004336

Abstract(870) PDF-CN(359)

Abstract:
The recent exploration of oil and gas in the south edge of the Junggar Basin shows that there is huge resource potential in this area. In this paper, the sequence stratigraphic theory based on base-level cycles is used to divide the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic strata of this area into five secular stratigraphic cycles, including LSC1.LSC2, LSC3, LSC4 and LSC5. The developing characters of these cycles are summarized. In the framework of cycles, the dist ribution of reservoirs and cap rocks and the developing characters of their assemblages are analysed. It is pointed out that the study st rata of this area mainly develop LSC5, LSC4, LSC2 and LSC1 four assemblages. Among them, LSC4 and LSC1 are the most favorable gas assemblages of reservoirs and cap rocks.Combined with oil-generating, tectonic and other pool-forming conditions, two favorable gas-accumulation belts in this area are suggested, i. e. the Shanqian gas-accumulation belt in the south edge whose major target stratum is the Jurassic and the Xihu-Manasi-Hutubi favorable gas-accumulation belt whose major target stratum is the Lower Tertiary.

SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY APPLIED IN THE RESTORATION OF THE CALEDONIAN PALEOGEOMORPHOLOGY-A CASE STUDY IN ZHANHUA AREA, THE JIYANG DEPRESSION

REN Yong-jun, JI You-liang, LI Rui-xue

2000, 22(4): 341-345. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004341

Abstract(599) PDF-CN(358)

Abstract:
The biologic-source constitution, sedimentary environment, maturity and oil-generating potential of organic matter in the Carboniferous carbonate rocks and mudstones of the South Qilian Basin is studied preliminarily by means of biomarker analysis technology combined with other geochemical data. The result reveals that the hydrocarbon source rocks were developed in marine reducing sedimentary environment, their organic mother material is mainly low-grade hydrobios mixed with high-grade plants, and the organic material includes humic-sapropel and sapropel two types. The source rocks have high enrichment of organic matter and higher maturity, and possess favorable conditions to form gas and oil.

DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY OF THE PERMIAN IN GAIZE AREA, TIBET

WANG Duan-ping, ZHANG Jing-xuan

2000, 22(4): 346-349. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004346

Abstract(705) PDF-CN(311)

Abstract:
Many buried hill reserviors in the paleozoic and Archaean were discovered in the Shengli Oilfield in recent years. It showed quite difficult for prediction of distribution of storage space and assessment of this kinds of reserviors. A fruitful progress was made during the reservior study on the buried hill namely Chengbei-30. The forming and evolution of the hill was illuminated firstly, then the detail description and distribution prediction of the secondary disoluted vugs, porosity and fractures of carbonates and metamorphite within the buried hill were made by using "integrated evaluation methoa for buried hill reserviors". Furthermore, the reservior features of dual-porosity media were summarized, which may provide some useful guidances for the study of the same reserviors.

PROSPECTS FOR MEDIUM-DEEP NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION FIELD IN WEST SICHUAN AREA

SONG Guo-qi, XU Chun-hua, FAN Qing-zhen, WEI Yan-ping, KONG Fan-shun

2000, 22(4): 350-354. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004350

Abstract(684) PDF-CN(412)

Abstract:
The developed degree of the Caledonian weathering crust directly affects the developing of related reservoirs, and paleogeomorphology palys a decisive part in the development of secondary pores. In view of the importance of the Caledonian fossil weathering plane, the paleogeomorphology is divided into karst highland, karst slope and karst depression three paleogeomorphological units in this paper, and four shortcomings existing in the former paleogeomorphological restorstion methods such as the residual thickness method, the standard method, etc. are analysed. On this basis, the sequence stratigraphy method to restore paleogeomorphology whose kernel content is regional unconformable planes with isochroneity is suggested. The authors use this method to restore the Caledonian paleogeomorphology of Zhanhua area in the Jiyang Depression and analyse the karst development features of two different paleogeomorphological units in this area, 991 Buried Hill in karst highland and Gudao Buried Hill in karst depression. Results show that the sequence stratigraphy method can accurately restore the Caledonian paleogeomorphology and predict the developed zones of secondary pores, and at last direct hydrocarbon exploration related to karst.

CALCULATION OF COAL BED GAS DESORPTION TIME AND ANALYSIS OF ITS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS

WANG Guan-min

2000, 22(4): 355-358. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004355

Abstract(623) PDF-CN(217)

Abstract:
The widely distributed Permian strata belong to stable carbonate platform facies near the north edge of the Gondwana Land,in which includes several subfacies,i.e.open platform,half restricted platform,grain bank,shelly bank and reef.Hydrocarbon source rocks were developed in open platform and half restricted platform facies with organic matters in high mature phase or post-mature phase.Reserviors,mostly in reef and banks,were not developed very well and fracture was the most possibel space for hydrocarbon storage.The cap rocks were also not developed efficiently.Some middle and small reservoirs related to unconformity may be formed under covering of the Middle and Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous shales.

HETEROGENEITY OF COALBED METHANE POOLS AND THEIR EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT

FAN Xiao-Lin, ZHU Tong

2000, 22(4): 359-364. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004359

Abstract(605) PDF-CN(323)

Abstract:
The Mesozoic Foreland Basin in West Sichuan area is controlled by Longmenshan orogenesis.In the transgressive overlap sedimentary sequences of medium-deep strata such as the Shaximiao Fm.,the Qianfuya Fm.,etc.,a great amount of favorable facies zones which are advantageous to the accumulation of natural gas are developed.They are distributed in the relatively stable slope regions within the Foreland Basin which are controlled by the paleouplift.There will become the new field of natural gas exploration in West Sichuan area.

QUANTATIVE STRATIGRAPHIC DIVIDING AND CORRELATING BY LITHOLOGICAL SUCCESSIONS

LIU Hong-lin, WANG Hong-yan, ZHANG Jian-bo

2000, 22(4): 365-367. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004365

Abstract(870) PDF-CN(457)

Abstract:
The desorption time of coal bed gas is an important parameter in the production of coal bed gas. It directly affects the gas production rate of coal bed gas wells and determines if the gas production peak comes earlyor late. By analysis on the factors which affect desorption time, the authors considered that coal rank, ash content, temperature, microlithotypes, the developed degree of cleat and the grain size of coal samples are the most important factors to affect desorption time. The desorption time of major coal bed gas basins in China is generally 0.17～27.42 day. The sensibility of desorption time to gas production shows that the desorption time of coal bed gas in China has little influence over the monowell production of coal bed gas.

PRELIMINARY APPLICATION OF FINE RESERVOIR DESCRIPTION TO DEVELOPMENT OF JINGQIU OILFIELD

WANG Sheng-wei, DUAN Lian-xiu, ZHANG Ming, CHEN Zhong-hui

2000, 22(4): 368-367. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004368

Abstract(777) PDF-CN(299)

Abstract:
It is very clear that the heterogeneity of coalbed methane pools were much more obvious comparing with that of natural gas pools,which was resulted from the inhomogeneity of lithotypes of coal and its pore and fracture systems,the changes of surrounding rocks and the hydrology condition.There is much influences on evaluation of exploration strategy and selection of suitable well net for development because of the heterogeneity.The geometry of coal body,the partings and coal facies analysis,the pore and fracture system analyses and the trapping condition analysis are very important contents for study of coalbed methane pools.

APLLICATION OF R/S ANALYSIS IN THE EVALUATION OF VERTICAL RESERVOIR HETEROGENEITY AND FRACTURE DEVELOPMENT

LIU Bo-tu, ZHOU Wei-kui, XIA Zun-yi

2000, 22(4): 371-374. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004371

Abstract(705) PDF-CN(255)

Abstract:
The quantative stratigraphic dividing and correlating by lithological successions is a data processing method to divide and correlate strata by use of well lithology and comprehensive columnar sections.It includes the one-step Markovian-chain stratigraphic division and the frequency number-reversed inequiweight sliding matching as well as the mutisuccession sliding correlation,the section stretching and the break-point recognition who are used in order to raise the precision of correlation and calculation.This method not only has correct geologic and mathematical models,but also possesses higher practical and spreading values.It has wide prospects for application in realizing interwell automatic correlation between petroleum geologic exploration and well databases.

CHARACTERISTICS OF FLUID INCLUSIONS IN THE SHIWANDASHAN BASIN OF GUANGXI PROVINCE AND ITS APPLICATION IN PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

YANG Wen-sheng, ZHAO Li-min, HOU Shou-tan, LIU Feng-yun

2000, 22(4): 375-381. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004375

Abstract(1009) PDF-CN(297)

Abstract:
The Jingqiu oilfield is coomprised of an unsaturated layer-shaped oil reservoir with simple structure, multi-oil-bearing formation and big thickness.It has been in high water cut stage as it has been developed for more than ten years.The fine oil-reservoir descripton has been applied in order to evaluate its potentials in the middle and late period of development. In according with its own feature, the description was mainly focused on the reservoir itself including fractionizing sedimentation cell, sedimentary and petrographic microfacies, features of heterogeneity of thick oil layers, petrophysical facies, and distribution of remaining oil, etc. The nerve-network method was used for the first time to simulate and to predict the parameter of physical property, sedimentation and diagenic metamophism, and quantitatively pointed out sedimentary-petrography microfacies. The study of petrophysical facies and the distribution of the remaining oil provided geological foundation for impro-ving its development, and gained good result in the developing implementation

STUDY ON THE TECHNOLOGY OF THE CONDENSING SEPARATIO METHOD APPLIED IN LIGHT HYDROCARBON RECOVERY

HU Zong-quan

2000, 22(4): 382-386. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004382

Abstract(768) PDF-CN(354)

Abstract:
R/S analysis is a kind of fractal method to describe and evaluate the complexity of 1-dimension parameter series,based on research of theoretical analysis and practical experiment,this paper discussed about the capability of R/S analysis in describing vertical reservoir heterogeneity and fracture development,and through discussing the difference of reservoir geologic characteristics embodied by different log curves,this paper demonstrated the feasibility of using the fractal dimension difference between AC and GR log curves to evaluate fracture development quantitatively. This method can effectively eliminate the lithological influence but highlight the characteristics of fracture, it has a novel pattern theoretically and shows much better evaluating effects than that of single series analysis.

CHARACTERISTICS OF FLUID INCLUSIONS IN THE SHIWANDASHAN BASIN OF GUANGXI PROVINCE AND ITS APPLICATION IN PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

LIU Bin

2000, 22(4): 387-391. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004387

Abstract(663) PDF-CN(315)

Abstract:
For quantitative evaluation of oil and gas resources of the Lower Triassic,the Permian and the Devonian strata for main source and reservoir beds, the fluid inclusion studies was carried out. The results demonstrated that the fluid inclusions trapped in the rocks can be assigned to seven stages in corresponding to different deposition-diagenesis-tectonic stages. Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters of oil and gas with relation to formation environment in the different stages herein be presented, and the history of generation-migration-accumulation of oil and gas in two areas be analyzed. The concerned evidence shows that the primary oil migration was related to the abnormal pressure. While the multiple oil migration to the tectonic movements, the main channels of oil-gas migration were tectonic fractures. The fluids containing oil and gas can be considered as the multiphase immiscible fluid. The data available can be summarized as: the Lower Triassic strata are the best oil-source rocks, and the Devonian strata belong to the gas-source rocks in this region. In addition, the pyroclastic rocks in the north of the region has a positive influence on the generation and evolution of oil and gas, and the granites occurred in the southeast has no affect on the oil and gas pools formation.

STUDY ON THE TECHNOLOGY OF THE CONDENSING SEPARATIO METHOD APPLIED IN LIGHT HYDROCARBON RECOVERY

LIU Bin, WANG Da-wei

2000, 22(4): 392-397. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200004392

Abstract(763) PDF-CN(558)

Abstract:
The condensing separation method can be used to recover light hydrocarbon from gases separated at different stages during the process of crude oil stabilization and collection,or recover gas condensate from natural gas.Its technological process mainly consists of the operating units of supercharging,purification,freezing,condensate fractionation,etc.Taking the technology of light hydrocarbon recovery for the oilfield gas of an oilfield as an example,the four units mentioned above are studied in this paper,and the optimized design and operation of modern towers is approached as a key.

2000 Vol. 22, No. 4

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